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Powerless roller conveyor transport, also known as roller belt conveyor transport, comes in two types: long roller belts and short roller belts. The surface shapes of the rollers in long roller conveyors include cylindrical, conical, and curved types, among which cylindrical long roller conveyors are the most widely used. Conical rollers or double-row cylindrical rollers are used for the curved sections of the conveyor belt, allowing the items to turn. Short roller tables can reduce the spacing between rollers and have a lower weight. The conveying components of a power-free roller conveyor need to be regularly lubricated, which ensures optimal operation of the conveying equipment and extends its service life. The operator must regularly apply lubricant to the drum bearings on a monthly basis, and also periodically check whether the idler drum rotates smoothly and if there are any abnormal noises. A routine inspection should be carried out before starting up; materials, items, and miscellaneous objects should be placed on the idler roller conveyor. After shutting down, all kinds of waste residues left from the machine’s operation that day should be removed from the various working areas of the idler roller conveyor. Powerless roller conveyors are prone to damage in their components over prolonged periods of material transport, especially the conveyor belts used to carry various types of materials. The accessories of the power-free roller conveyor have a poor groove formation on their belts, and the support idlers do not roll smoothly; therefore, belts with better groove formation were used instead. Due to its simple structure and ease of maintenance, the power-free roller conveyor is widely used. Conveyor operators must pay attention to the maintenance and protection of these conveyors in their daily work, and lubrication of the rollers is particularly important. Below are several common methods for lubricating roller conveyors: (1) Monitor the temperature changes in the lubricated areas of the idler rollers; the temperature of the shafting should be kept within specified limits ； (2) For non-powered rollers, oil should be applied regularly to keep the pressure mechanism or the screw and nut in good condition; oil seals should be used to seal those screws and nuts that are not used frequently ； (3) Use the unpowered rollers to store the items needed for the equipment; wipe them regularly, check them frequently, and keep them in good condition and clean ； (4) For the smoothly lubricated points of the idler rollers that require automatic oiling, it is necessary to regularly check the oil pressure, oil level, temperature, and the oil delivery volume of the oil pump, and address any issues that arise promptly ； (5) For the unpowered roller lubrication system, operators should conduct regular inspections on time, paying attention to any oil leaks or abnormal changes at the lubrication points, and addressing any issues that arise promptly ； The planning parameters for a power-free roller conveyor include: calculation of operating resistance, determination of the inclination angle of the roller conveyor, estimation of the conveying speed of items under gravity, calculation of the friction force between the items and the rollers, and calculation of the load on the rollers.