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The core of the electrostatic theory regarding the adhesion of paint coatings is the use of interfacial electrostatic attraction to enhance adhesion. The details are as follows: Core principle – When the electron affinity of the coating and the substrate differs, they act as donors and acceptors of electrons respectively; electrons transfer from the donor (such as metal) to the acceptor (such as polymer), resulting in the formation of charged double layers on both sides of the interface. The electrostatic attraction exerted by these double layers pulls the coating and the substrate together, thereby improving adhesion. Electrostatic forces arise primarily from the various components of van der Waals forces: including dipole-dipole forces resulting from permanent dipoles, and dispersion forces (London forces) between induced dipoles – all of which are weak interactions at the molecular level. Theoretical verification and limitations: Empirical evidence exists: when a coating is rapidly removed from a metal surface in a dry environment, optical and acoustic phenomena associated with discharge can be observed, confirming the actual existence of electrostatic forces. Not universal: Electrostatic forces exist only in bonding/adhesion systems capable of forming a double layer, and cannot apply to all scenarios of coating adhesion ； At the same time, existing data show that the highest charge density achievable in the double layer is far below the threshold required theoretically to have a significant effect on adhesion; therefore, electrostatic forces are only a supplementary source of adhesion, not the dominant factor.