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The oxidation of graphite in carbon dioxide involves, at its core, the reaction process in which graphite acts as a reducing agent under high-temperature conditions, and is oxidized by CO₂ to produce carbon monoxide. Basic reaction conditions and equation: This reaction must take place at high temperatures; it hardly occurs at room temperature. The corresponding chemical equation is: C (graphite) + CO2(g) → 2CO(g) at high temperature. It is an endothermic reaction, with an enthalpy change of approximately +172.5 kJ/mol. Reaction mechanism: At high temperatures, CO₂ acts as an oxidizing gas and undergoes redox reactions with the carbon atoms on the surface of graphite; as a result, graphite is gradually consumed. After the reaction, the amount of gas in the system increases, leading to a significant rise in the disorder of the system. In high-temperature applications of graphite electrodes, this reaction is one of the main causes of oxidative wear on the sides of the electrodes. The actual effects and mitigation: This reaction causes a decline in the performance and structural integrity of graphite materials in high-temperature environments containing CO₂. In industry, high-temperature resistant antioxidant coatings are applied to the surface of graphite to prevent contact between CO₂ and the graphite, thereby suppressing such oxidation and extending the service life of graphite components.