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Unit conversion for gas concentrations – ppm, mg/m3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- At the request of the forum, this section only provides an introduction to the software’s functions, including links for downloading the development standards and documentation. Anyone with suggestions regarding the software’s functions, experiences of using it, or ideas for additional features can post them below this thread. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Key functions of the Yisuanbao app: 1. Engineering calculations: It offers hundreds of engineering calculation tools for industries such as petroleum, chemicals, power generation, machinery, and equipment； 2. Sheet metal calculation: Unfolding calculations for over 300 common sheet metal parts ； 3. Books: A collection of standards, documents, and books – up to thousands in number – that can be accessed at any time ； 4. Equipment manufacturers: Thousands of equipment manufacturers, categorized by device type to facilitate engineers in finding devices, searching for device parameters, viewing manufacturer information, and obtaining support from the manufacturers’ technical staff ； 5. Design institutes: Collect information on hundreds of design institutes across the country ； 6. Environmental protection topics: Flue gas desulfurization, flue gas denitration – list of manufacturers and equipment specific to these industries ； ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Function: It enables conversion between the two commonly used units for gases. ppm is a concentration unit expressed as a volume ratio (volume/volume), and it represents a volume concentration. 1 ppm means that one volume of air contains 1x10-6 volumes of pollutants, 2 ppm means one volume of air contains 2x10-6 volumes of pollutants, and so on. That is, ppm stands for one part per million. mg/m3 is a concentration unit expressed as the ratio of mass to volume (mass/volume), and it represents mass concentration. China’s environmental emission standards all use mass concentration. II. Software Introduction 2.1 Conversion of Volume Concentration to Mass Concentration The unit of volume concentration for gases under standard conditions is ppm, which needs to be converted to the unit of mass concentration, mg/m3: file:///C:/Users/xhping/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.png Where: A: Volume concentration of the gas in ppm; M: Molecular weight of the gas; Cm: Mass concentration of the gas in mg/m3. Under non-standard conditions, the conversion from volume concentration in ppm to mass concentration in mg/m3 is as follows: file:///C:/Users/xhping/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.jpg Where: A: Volume concentration of the gas in ppm; M: Molecular weight of the gas; Cm: Mass concentration of the gas in mg/m3; T: Temperature of the gas in °C; P: Pressure of the gas in Pa. Note: 1 mole of any ideal gas occupies a volume of approximately 22.4 liters. This volume is known as the molar volume of the gas, with the unit of L/mol (liters per mole). Thus, under standard conditions (STP), the molar volume of gases is 22.4 L/mol. In these calculations, the molar volume of the gas is taken as 22.4 L/mol. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------