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When using the Haochen CAD drawing software to create drawings, the drawing of air ducts is essential. However, when designers arrange the air ducts separately, it becomes very troublesome to add components later on. Is there a more convenient way? Next, I’ll share with you a tutorial on the basics of CAD drawing – specifically, how to arrange ventilation and air conditioning components! In the HaoChen HVAC CAD software, once the air ducts are drawn, elbows, tees, crosses, and L-shaped bends are generated automatically, and the ventilation and air conditioning module also offers a wide range of functions for arranging components. Steps for drawing duct connections using CAD: Menu: Ventilation & Air Conditioning] → Duct Connections]. Function: This feature enables automatic connection of ducts and outlets; it will automatically recalculate the elevation of the outlets based on the elevation of the main duct, setting the outlet elevation to equal the elevation of the bottom of the duct ； For indirect connections, the software automatically calculates the difference in elevation between the main air duct and the outlets, and simultaneously draws out local components such as vertical air ducts and elbows to connect the air ducts to the outlets ； The size of the automatically generated branch ducts can be determined based on the size of the main duct, the size of the air outlet, or by specifying a size manually; meanwhile, the software automatically generates the local components between ducts of different sizes ； Steps for drawing duct diameter changes in CAD: Menu: Ventilation & Air Conditioning] → Diameter Change]. Function: This feature is used to connect two sections of ducts that are collinear but have different dimensions, by using either a diameter change or a circular-to-rectangular transition. It allows selection of the cross-sectional shape for the diameter change, the type of diameter change, the ventilation & air conditioning system type, as well as various specific parameters ； Manual connection: Connect the two sections of ductwork selected manually by using reducers or round-to-square fittings ； Manual replacement: replace existing components using the new diameter variation form and parameters ； Arrange arbitrarily; according to the selected diameter-changing pattern and parameters, arrange the diameter changes as desired on the drawing ； Steps for drawing duct elbows using CAD: Menu: Ventilation & Air Conditioning] → Elbows]. Function: This tool is used to connect two sections of ducts at the same elevation using elbows; it is possible to select the cross-sectional shape of the elbow to be used. To connect two duct sections, an elbow with a cross-sectional shape matching that of the ducts must be selected ； Elbow types: You can select the desired elbow to draw from the interface, including various formats such as inner and outer arcs, as well as arc-based noise reduction designs ； For the system type, you can select the air handling system to which the elbow belongs, such as the supply air system or fresh air system ； For elbows arranged in any configuration, it is possible to enter data such as the elbow’s name and geometric parameters ； For the arrangement method, manual connection means linking any two duct sections with the same elevation on the diagram; manual replacement means substituting the selected elbow with another elbow on the diagram; arbitrary arrangement means placing the selected elbow at any desired location ； Steps for drawing an elbow in ducts using CAD: Menu: Ventilation & Air Conditioning] → Elbow]. Function: To connect two sections of ducts that are on the same plane by creating an elbow. This function allows two sections of ducts to be connected if they are at the same elevation or if their axes lie in the same vertical plane ； Cross-sectional shape: You can choose the cross-sectional shape of the elbow to be drawn. If it is necessary to connect two sections of ductwork, an elbow with the same cross-sectional shape as that of the ductwork should be selected ； In the L-shaped bend format, you can select the desired type of L-shaped bend from the interface, including various types such as double-arc L-shaped bends and back-and-forth L-shaped bends ； For the system type, you can select the air handling system to which the L-shaped duct belongs, such as an air supply system or a fresh air system ； For any arranged T-bend, data such as name and geometric parameters can be entered ； For the arrangement method, manual connection means linking any two duct sections with the same elevation on the diagram; manual replacement means using the selected elbow to replace the elbow currently present on the diagram; arbitrary arrangement means placing the selected elbow at any desired location ； Steps for drawing duct elbows using CAD: Menu: Ventilation & Air Conditioning] → Elbows]. Function: This tool is used to connect three duct sections that lie in the same plane at an elbow shape; it is possible to select the cross-sectional shape of the elbow to be drawn. If connecting to existing ducts, an elbow with a cross-sectional shape matching that of the ducts must be selected ； There are three types of tees available; you can select the type of tee you wish to draw from the interface, including regular tees, socketed tees, and other variants ； For the system type, you can select the air handling system to which the tee belongs, such as the supply air system or fresh air system ； For any arbitrarily arranged tee, data such as name and geometric parameters can be entered ； For the arrangement method, manual connection means linking any three duct segments with the same elevation on the diagram; manual replacement means substituting the selected tee with another tee on the diagram; arbitrary arrangement means placing the selected tee at any desired location ； Steps for drawing a duct tee using CAD: Menu: Ventilation & Air Conditioning] → Tee] Function: This tool is used to connect four duct sections that are on the same plane at a tee junction; it is possible to select the cross-sectional shape of the tee to be drawn. If connecting to existing ducts, a tee with the same cross-sectional shape as those ducts must be selected ； There are four types of tees, and the desired type can be selected from the interface, including regular tees, socket-type tees, and various other types ； For the system type, you can select the air handling system to which the four-way valve belongs, such as an air supply system or a fresh air system ； For any arbitrarily arranged tee, data such as name and geometric parameters can be entered ； For the arrangement method, manual connection means linking any three duct segments with the same elevation on the diagram; manual replacement means substituting the selected tee with another tee in the diagram; arbitrary arrangement means placing the selected tee at any desired location ； Steps to draw an elevated elbow using CAD: Menu: Ventilation & Air Conditioning] → Elevated Elbow]. Function: Select a point on a duct to break it, and set the elevations of the duct sections on either side of that point; the elevated elbow is then used to connect them. Select points on the duct according to the command-line prompts; once the points on the duct have been selected, the duct sections that require their elevation to be reset will be highlighted ； After the user sets the elevations for the two sections of ductwork, a transition elbow is created, and the impact of changes to the ductwork’s elevations on the connected ducts is taken into account ； Steps for drawing spatial overlaps in CAD: Menu: Ventilation & Air Conditioning] → Spatial Overlaps]. Function: Utilizes ducts to connect two sections of ducts that are not parallel in space ； The software offers three types of spatial connections: double elbow, elbow tee, and double tee – these are the three connection methods available ； According to the commands displayed in the command line, select the duct that needs to be joined. Once a duct is selected, the program will determine whether the chosen joining method is suitable; if it is not suitable, no joining will take place, and the program will indicate to the user the appropriate joining method to use. The above is a tutorial on arranging HVAC components in the Haocheng HVAC CAD software. I hope this tutorial can be helpful to those who are just starting out in CAD drawing~