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The distillation tower and the top heat exchanger are connected; what type of heat exchanger is this, and why was such a design chosen?
This is a form of internal recirculation, which can reduce the need for separate platforms and the amount of space required.
This is a full reflux type; generally, there is no need to extract from the top of the tower, and the product is obtained from the bottom of the tower. There are quite a lot of things like stripping towers!
A top condenser with internal recirculation; the temperature at the top of the tower and the amount of recirculation are controlled by adjusting the amount of refrigerant in the heat exchanger. This approach reduces the need for recirculation pumps and related piping, thereby minimizing the space required by the equipment and saving on costs. It is generally used in processes where high levels of recirculation are not required
By combining the two containers, the need for end caps and supports is eliminated, which saves costs and space, at the expense of some functionality
Compared to external heat exchangers, hammerhead heat exchangers have much lower pressure drops due to the absence of pipes
I think it’s mainly a problem with voltage drop!