The design process for general process equipment is as follows: the process engineering team provides the manufacturer with the specifications for the equipment, along with any special requirements. After the manufacturer completes the design of the external shape of the equipment, it is sent to the process engineering team for review. Once approved, the manufacturer proceeds with production. The process generally only reviews the external diagram to check the dimensions and pipe ends. Assembly drawings are related to the production process, and the process engineering department generally does not review them. During the review of the equipment’s external design, those working in process engineering pay attention to the following aspects: 1. Overall dimensions and material of the equipment: The material used must be suitable for the conditions under which the material is handled, and the dimensions must meet the requirements related to internal material flow rates, residence time, etc. 2. Major pipe connections: Diameter (which affects flow rate), installation direction (for piping layout and operation), height position (related to the flow direction of the medium; for multi-layer towers, this needs to take into account the height of each layer of the structural framework), and location of maintenance access points (to facilitate maintenance). 3. Locations for installing major instruments: Their position and quantity must meet the requirements for accurate measurement as well as relevant standard specifications, and they should also be easy to access and replace. 4. Position of support structures: For longer equipment, there is some expansion during operation; therefore, the process engineering team needs to determine the fixed ends, the extended sections, and even the locations of expansion joints, so as to calculate the stresses in the pipes. 5. Other special requirements: such as whether to install high-level venting and low-level drainage, whether to provide sections for easier replacement and maintenance, whether to include glass viewing ports, and what size and location the spare ports should have. That’s about it.