Methanol Purification Version – One Question per Day 20200322

Toxic substances include Cl, S, amines, Fe, and oils (which cause carbon formation and block the active surface). Methods to extend the lifespan of the Cat during operation are: (1) Follow the procedure strictly when loading the Cat, to prevent bridging. (2) During the temperature rise and reduction process of Cat. First, ensure that S in the reducing gas is ≤0.1 PPm. Second, follow the heating and reduction procedure strictly; remember that increasing the temperature and adding hydrogen cannot be done simultaneously. To achieve a complete restoration so that it can fully exert its catalytic function. (3) Since Cat has high activity in the initial stage of use and its activity gradually decreases over time, the operating temperature for Cat should be increased from low to high as time passes. (4) During operation, sudden rises or drops in temperature should be avoided, and overheating is strictly prohibited. 23. State the hazards of sulfur (S), chlorine (Cl), and oil to Cat Answer: Sulfur (S) and chlorine (Cl) react with Cu in Cat to form inactive substances: Cu + S = CuS ； Cu+2 + Cl = CuCl2; when the oil is heated, it decomposes to release carbon, which blocks the active centers of the catalyst and reduces its activity.

Toxic substances include Cl, S, amines, Fe, and oils (which cause carbon formation and block the active surface). Methods to extend the lifespan of the Cat during operation are: (1) Follow the procedure strictly when loading the Cat, to prevent bridging. (2) During the temperature rise and reduction process of Cat. First, ensure that S in the reducing gas is ≤0.1PPm. Second, follow the heating and reduction procedure strictly; remember that raising the temperature and increasing the hydrogen supply must not be done simultaneously. To achieve a complete restoration so that it can fully exert its catalytic function. (3) Since Cat has high activity in the initial stage of use and its activity gradually decreases over time, the operating temperature for Cat should be increased from low to high as time passes. (4) During operation, sudden rises or drops in temperature should be avoided, and overheating is strictly prohibited.

Toxic substances include Cl, S, amines, Fe, and oils (which cause carbon formation and block the active surface). Methods to extend the lifespan of the Cat during operation are: (1) Follow the procedure strictly when loading the Cat, to prevent bridging. (2) During the temperature rise and reduction process of Cat. First, ensure that S in the reducing gas is ≤0.1PPm. Second, follow the heating and reduction procedure strictly; remember that raising the temperature and increasing the hydrogen supply must not be done simultaneously. To achieve a complete restoration so that it can fully exert its catalytic function. (3) Since Cat has high activity in the initial stage of use and its activity gradually decreases over time, the operating temperature for Cat should be increased from low to high as time passes. (4) During operation, sudden rises or drops in temperature should be avoided, and overheating is strictly prohibited.

Toxic substances include Cl, S, amines, Fe, and oils (which cause carbon formation and block the active surface). Methods to extend the lifespan of the Cat during operation are: (1) Follow the procedure strictly when loading the Cat, to prevent bridging. (2) During the temperature rise and reduction process of Cat. First, ensure that S in the reducing gas is ≤0.1PPm. Second, follow the heating and reduction procedure strictly; remember that raising the temperature and increasing the hydrogen supply must not be done simultaneously. To achieve a complete restoration so that it can fully exert its catalytic function. (3) Since Cat has high activity in the initial stage of use and its activity gradually decreases over time, the operating temperature for Cat should be increased from low to high as time passes. (4) During operation, sudden rises or drops in temperature should be avoided, and overheating is strictly prohibited.

Toxic substances include Cl, S, amines, Fe, and oils (which cause carbon formation and block the active surface). Methods to extend the lifespan of the Cat during operation are: (1) Follow the procedure strictly when loading the Cat, to prevent bridging. (2) During the temperature rise and reduction process of Cat. First, ensure that S in the reducing gas is ≤0.1PPm. Second, follow the heating and reduction procedure strictly; remember that raising the temperature and increasing the hydrogen supply must not be done simultaneously. To achieve a complete restoration so that it can fully exert its catalytic function. (3) Since Cat has high activity in the initial stage of use and its activity gradually decreases over time, the operating temperature for Cat should be increased from low to high as time passes. (4) During operation, sudden rises or drops in temperature should be avoided, and overheating is strictly prohibited.

Toxic substances include Cl, S, amines, Fe, and oils (which cause carbon formation and block the active surface). Methods to extend the lifespan of the Cat during operation are: (1) Follow the procedure strictly when loading the Cat, to prevent bridging. (2) During the temperature rise and reduction process of Cat. First, ensure that S in the reducing gas is ≤0.1PPm. Second, follow the heating and reduction procedure strictly; remember that raising the temperature and increasing the hydrogen supply must not be done simultaneously. To achieve a complete restoration so that it can fully exert its catalytic function. (3) Since Cat has high activity in the initial stage of use and its activity gradually decreases over time, the operating temperature for Cat should be increased from low to high as time passes. (4) During operation, sudden rises or drops in temperature should be avoided, and overheating is strictly prohibited.

Toxic substances include Cl, S, amines, Fe, and oils (which cause carbon formation and block the active surface). Methods to extend the lifespan of the Cat during operation are: (1) Follow the procedure strictly when loading the Cat, to prevent bridging. (2) During the temperature rise and reduction process of Cat. First, ensure that S in the reducing gas is ≤0.1 PPm. Second, follow the heating and reduction procedure strictly; remember that increasing the temperature and adding hydrogen cannot be done simultaneously. To achieve a complete restoration so that it can fully exert its catalytic function. (3) Since Cat has high activity in the initial stage of use and its activity gradually decreases over time, the operating temperature for Cat should be increased from low to high as time passes. (4) During operation, sudden rises or drops in temperature should be avoided, and overheating is strictly prohibited. 23. State the hazards of sulfur (S), chlorine (Cl), and oil to Cat Answer: Sulfur (S) and chlorine (Cl) react with Cu in Cat to form inactive substances: Cu + S = CuS ； Cu+2 + Cl = CuCl2; when the oil is heated, it decomposes to release carbon, which blocks the active centers of the catalyst and reduces its activity.

Toxic substances include Cl, S, amines, Fe, and oils (which cause carbon formation and block the active surface). Methods to extend the lifespan of the Cat during operation are: (1) Follow the procedure strictly when loading the Cat, to prevent bridging. (2) During the temperature rise and reduction process of Cat. First, ensure that S in the reducing gas is ≤0.1PPm. Second, follow the heating and reduction procedure strictly; remember that raising the temperature and increasing the hydrogen supply must not be done simultaneously. To achieve a complete restoration so that it can fully exert its catalytic function. (3) Since Cat has high activity in the initial stage of use and its activity gradually decreases over time, the operating temperature for Cat should be increased from low to high as time passes. (4) During operation, sudden rises or drops in temperature should be avoided, and overheating is strictly prohibited

Toxic substances include Cl, S, amines, Fe, and oils (which cause carbon formation and block the active surface). Methods to extend the lifespan of the Cat during operation are: (1) Follow the procedure strictly when loading the Cat, to prevent bridging. (2) During the temperature rise and reduction process of Cat. First, ensure that S in the reducing gas is ≤0.1PPm. Second, follow the heating and reduction procedure strictly; remember that raising the temperature and increasing the hydrogen supply must not be done simultaneously. To achieve a complete restoration so that it can fully exert its catalytic function. (3) Since Cat has high activity in the initial stage of use and its activity gradually decreases over time, the operating temperature for Cat should be increased from low to high as time passes. (4) During operation, sudden rises or drops in temperature should be avoided, and overheating is strictly prohibited.

Toxic substances include Cl, S, amines, Fe, and oils (which cause carbon formation and block the active surface). Methods to extend the lifespan of the Cat during operation are: (1) Follow the procedure strictly when loading the Cat, to prevent bridging. (2) During the temperature rise and reduction process of Cat. First, ensure that S in the reducing gas is ≤0.1PPm. Second, follow the heating and reduction procedure strictly; remember that raising the temperature and increasing the hydrogen supply must not be done simultaneously. To achieve a complete restoration so that it can fully exert its catalytic function. (3) Since Cat has high activity in the initial stage of use and its activity gradually decreases over time, the operating temperature for Cat should be increased from low to high as time passes. (4) During operation, sudden rises or drops in temperature should be avoided, and overheating is strictly prohibited.