How to distinguish between technical upgrades and changes

My understanding is that changes occur during the construction and installation phase, while technical upgrades take place at least after the trial production stage. Equipment changes and process changes are usually issued after abnormalities are detected during construction; the client submits a request to the design institute, and the changes are made following discussions with the institute (there are also cases where the design institute initiates the changes on its own once it detects issues). Technical upgrades are aimed at production, involving optimized improvements to equipment and processes. If it is during the construction phase and you want to optimize the equipment and processes, you cannot refer to it as a \"technical upgrade\"! Only “change” can be mentioned. For smaller tasks, first discuss them with the designers, then find a construction company on your own to carry out the work; either issue a change order or give them some compensation for lifting costs (designers find it very troublesome to handle change orders, as it seems to be linked to their performance evaluation). For major issues, report to the management and seek help.

These are two completely different concepts that cannot be compared. Technical upgrades (technical transformation) are comparable to technical measures, and changes occur in all situations (new construction, renovation, expansion, technical upgrades, technical measures, operation).