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Nine requirements for safety management in production and business operations: 1. Qualified capabilities for ensuring safety; 2. Organizational structures and personnel responsible for safety; 3. Rules and regulations to oversee safety; 4. Safety equipment and facilities to safeguard safety; 5. Training and education to promote safety awareness; 6. Information on safety risks to ensure understanding of safety issues; 7. Financial resources allocated for safety measures; 8. Safety inspections to ensure compliance; 9. Safety assessments to maintain safety standards. [I] Qualified capabilities for ensuring safety: Article 20 States that production and business operations entities must meet the safety requirements stipulated by this law, as well as relevant laws, administrative regulations, **standards, or industry standards； Those that do not meet the conditions for safe production shall not engage in production and business activities. 1. Enterprise licensing: Article 2 of the **Regulations on Work Safety Licenses** stipulates that a work safety licensing system shall be implemented for mining enterprises, construction enterprises, and enterprises that produce hazardous chemicals, fireworks, and civil products (hereinafter collectively referred to as enterprises). Enterprises that have not obtained a work safety license shall not engage in any production activities. Article 7 Before commencing production, enterprises shall apply to the authority responsible for issuing safety production licenses in accordance with the provisions of these regulations to obtain such licenses. Coal mining enterprises shall, on a mine (shaft) basis, obtain a safety production license in accordance with the provisions of these regulations. 2. Personnel Licensing Article 27: The principal persons in charge and safety production management personnel of production and business operation entities must possess the safety production knowledge and management capabilities appropriate to the production and business operations carried out by such entities. The principal persons in charge and work safety managers of entities engaged in the production, operation, storage, loading, and unloading of hazardous materials, as well as mining, metal smelting, construction, and transportation enterprises, must pass an assessment conducted by the competent department responsible for work safety supervision and management regarding their knowledge of work safety and management capabilities. Units that produce, store, and handle hazardous materials, as well as mining and metal smelting enterprises, shall have registered safety engineers engaged in work related to safe production management. Other production and business entities are encouraged to hire registered safety engineers to handle work safety management tasks. Registered safety engineers are managed by specialty; the specific measures shall be formulated by the human resources and social security department of the State Council, the emergency management department of the State Council, in conjunction with relevant departments of the State Council. Article 30: Special operation personnel in production and business operations must receive specialized safety training in accordance with **relevant regulations and obtain the corresponding qualifications before they can take up their duties. 3. Equipment Permits Article 36 The design, manufacture, installation, use, inspection, maintenance, renovation, and disposal of safety equipment shall comply with **standards or industry standards. Production and business entities must regularly maintain and service safety equipment, and conduct periodic inspections to ensure its proper operation. Records of maintenance, upkeep, and inspection must be kept, and signed by the relevant personnel. Production and business entities shall not shut down or damage monitoring, alarm, protective, or life-saving equipment and facilities that are directly related to production safety, nor shall they alter, conceal, or destroy any relevant data or information pertaining to them. Businesses in industries such as catering that use gas must install combustible gas alarm devices and ensure their proper operation. Article 37: The containers and transportation vehicles for hazardous materials used by production and business operations, as well as the special equipment used in offshore oil drilling and in underground mines that are related to personal safety and pose high risks, must be manufactured by specialized producers in accordance with **relevant regulations. They must also pass inspections and tests conducted by qualified testing and inspection agencies, and obtain a safety use certificate or a safety mark before they can be put into use. The testing and inspection agencies are responsible for the test and inspection results. Article 38 **A system of phasing out processes and equipment that pose a serious threat to production safety shall be implemented; the specific list shall be formulated and published by the emergency management department of the State Council in conjunction with relevant departments of the State Council. If laws or administrative regulations provide other provisions regarding the formulation of the catalog, such provisions shall apply. The people’s **s of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government may formulate and publish specific lists based on the actual conditions in their respective regions, in order to phase out those processes and equipment that pose a threat to production safety and are not covered by the provisions of the preceding paragraph. Production and business entities shall not use processes or equipment that should be phased out as they pose a threat to production safety. 4. Article 34 of the Regulations on Permits for Construction Projects: Before mines, metal smelting construction projects, and construction projects used for the production, storage, or handling of hazardous substances are put into production or use, the construction unit shall be responsible for organizing the acceptance of the safety facilities ； It can only be put into production and use after passing the acceptance inspection. [II] Organizations must assign personnel to oversee safety. Article 5: The principal person in charge of a production and business operation entity is the primary responsible party for work related to work safety within that entity, and bears full responsibility for such efforts. Other persons in charge are responsible for work related to work safety within their respective scopes of duties. Article 7 Trade unions shall, in accordance with the law, supervise work related to work safety. The trade unions of production and business entities shall, in accordance with the law, organize employees to participate in the **management** and **supervision** of the unit’s work related to work safety, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of employees in regard to work safety. When formulating or amending rules and regulations regarding work safety, production and business operations entities shall heed the opinions of trade unions. Article 24 Mines, metal smelting enterprises, construction companies, transportation units, as well as entities engaged in the production, operation, storage, and handling of hazardous materials shall establish safety production management institutions or appoint full-time safety production managers. For other production and business entities that are not covered by the provisions of the preceding paragraph, if they have more than 100 employees, they shall establish a safety production management organization or appoint full-time safety production managers ； Enterprises with fewer than 100 employees shall appoint full-time or part-time work safety management personnel. Article 21 The principal person in charge of a production and business operation entity shall have the following responsibilities regarding work related to work safety within the entity: (1) Establish and improve the system of work safety responsibilities for all employees within the entity, and strengthen the standardization of work safety efforts ； (2) Organize the formulation and implementation of the unit’s safety production rules, regulations, and operating procedures ； (3) Organize the formulation and implementation of the unit’s work safety education and training plan ； (IV) Ensure the effective implementation of investment in safety production within the unit ； (5) Organize the establishment and implementation of a dual-prevention mechanism for safety risk classification control and hazard identification and remediation; supervise and inspect the unit’s work related to safe production, and promptly eliminate potential hazards that could lead to production safety accidents ； (VI) Organize the formulation and implementation of the unit’s procedures for handling production safety accidents. Article 25: The safety production management departments and safety production managers of a production and operation entity shall perform the following duties: (I) Organize or participate in the drafting of the entity’s safety production regulations, operating procedures, and emergency response plans for production safety accidents ； (II) Organize or participate in the work safety education and training within the unit, and keep accurate records of such education and training activities ； (III) Organize the identification and assessment of hazard sources, and ensure that safety management measures for major hazard sources within the unit are implemented ； (IV) Organizing or participating in emergency rescue drills within the unit ； (5) Inspect the unit’s safety production conditions, promptly identify potential hazards related to production safety accidents, and propose suggestions for improving safety production management ； (VI) Preventing and correcting acts of giving illegal instructions, forcing workers to carry out dangerous operations, and violating operating procedures ； (7) Supervise the implementation of safety improvement measures within the unit. Production and operation entities may appoint a full-time person in charge of work safety to assist the principal responsible person of the entity in fulfilling work safety management duties. 【III】Rules and regulations for ensuring safety: Article 4 Production and business operations entities must comply with this Law as well as other laws and regulations related to work safety, strengthen work safety management, and establish comprehensive rules and regulations for work safety. Article 21 The principal responsible person of a production and business operation entity shall bear the following responsibilities for the entity’s work related to work safety: (1) Establish and implement a work safety responsibility system for all employees within the entity, and strengthen the development of work safety standardization ； (2) Organize the formulation and implementation of the unit’s safety production rules, regulations, and operating procedures ； Article 12 of the Henan Province Work Safety Regulations stipulates that production and business operations entities shall formulate work safety rules and regulations as well as operating procedures in accordance with the actual conditions of their own units and relevant provisions. Mines, metal smelting facilities, construction sites, road transportation enterprises, as well as those engaged in the production, operation, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials, as well as entities that use large quantities of such materials and thus constitute major sources of hazard, shall establish and implement the following safety production regulations and systems: (1) a safety production responsibility system and an assessment, reward, and punishment system; (2) a system for regular safety production meetings; (3) a safety inspection system ； (IV) Safety management systems for production and operation sites, equipment, and facilities with high levels of risk and hazards; (V) Management systems for monitoring hazardous operations and major hazard sources; (VI) Occupational health management systems, as well as systems for the provision and management of personal protective equipment; (VII) Systems for managing safety production risks and identifying and addressing potential accident hazards; (VIII) Emergency management systems; (IX) Systems for reporting and handling production safety accidents; (X) Safety production record-keeping systems; (XI) Systems for managing investments and expenses related to safety production; (XII) Safety management systems for contracted and leased units; (XIII) Systems for safety production education, training, and requirement for certified personnel to work ； (14) Other rules and regulations to ensure safe production. 【IV】Safety Equipment and Facilities to Ensure Safety Article 31: The safety facilities for new construction, renovation, or expansion projects carried out by production and business units (hereinafter collectively referred to as construction projects) must be designed, constructed, and put into use simultaneously with the main structure of the project. Investments in safety facilities should be included in the budget estimate of construction projects. Article 32: Mining and metal smelting construction projects, as well as construction projects used for the production, storage, and handling of hazardous materials, shall undergo safety assessments in accordance with **relevant regulations. Article 33: The design of safety facilities for mining and metal smelting construction projects, as well as for construction projects used for the production, storage, and handling of hazardous materials, shall be submitted to the relevant departments for review in accordance with **relevant regulations; the reviewing departments and the personnel responsible for the review are accountable for the results of such review. Article 34: Construction units for mining and metal smelting projects, as well as those for projects involved in the production, storage, and handling of hazardous materials, must construct in accordance with the approved design for safety facilities and be responsible for the quality of such facilities. Before mines, metal smelting construction projects, and construction projects for the production, storage, and handling of hazardous materials are put into operation or use, the construction unit shall be responsible for organizing the inspection of the safety facilities ； It can only be put into production and use after passing the acceptance inspection. The departments responsible for supervision and management of work safety should strengthen the supervision and verification of the acceptance activities and results carried out by the construction units. Article 35 Production and business operation entities shall install prominent safety warning signs in production and business operation sites with significant risk factors, as well as on relevant facilities and equipment. Article 36: The design, manufacture, installation, use, testing, maintenance, modification, and disposal of safety equipment shall comply with **standards or industry standards. Production and business entities must regularly maintain and service safety equipment, and conduct periodic inspections to ensure its proper operation. Records of maintenance, upkeep, and inspection must be kept, and signed by the relevant personnel. Production and business entities shall not shut down or damage monitoring, alarm, protective, or life-saving equipment and facilities that are directly related to production safety, nor shall they alter, conceal, or destroy any relevant data or information pertaining to them. Businesses in industries such as catering that use gas must install combustible gas alarm devices and ensure their proper operation. Article 37: The containers and transportation vehicles for hazardous materials used by production and business operations, as well as the special equipment used in offshore oil drilling and in underground mines that are related to personal safety and pose high risks, must be manufactured by specialized producers in accordance with **relevant regulations. They must also pass inspections and tests conducted by qualified testing and inspection agencies, and obtain a safety use certificate or a safety mark before they can be put into use. The testing and inspection agencies are responsible for the test and inspection results. Article 42 Workshops, shops, and warehouses that produce, handle, store, or use hazardous materials shall not be located in the same building as employee dormitories, and shall maintain a safe distance from them. Production and operation sites as well as employee dormitories shall be equipped with exits and evacuation routes that meet emergency evacuation requirements, are clearly marked, and remain unobstructed. It is prohibited to occupy, lock, or block the exits and evacuation routes of production and business premises or employee dormitories. Article 45: Production and business operations entities must provide their employees with labor protection equipment that meets **standards or industry standards, and they must supervise and educate employees on how to wear and use such equipment in accordance with the relevant rules. 【V】Education and Training to Ensure Safety – Regulations on Safety Training for Production and Business Entities 【15-07-01】Article 4: The employees who require safety training in production and business entities include the principal responsible persons, safety management personnel, workers engaged in special types of work, and other employees. Article 7 The safety training for the principal persons in charge of production and business operations shall include the following contents: (1) **Safety production policies and guidelines, as well as relevant laws, regulations, rules and standards regarding safety production ； (II) Basic knowledge of work safety management, work safety technologies, and specialized knowledge in work safety ； (III) Provisions regarding the management of major hazard sources, prevention of major accidents, emergency management and rescue organizations, as well as accident investigation and handling ； (IV) Occupational hazards and preventive measures ； (5) Advanced domestic and international experience in work safety management ； (VI) Analysis of typical accident and emergency rescue cases ； (7) Other content that requires training. Article 8 The safety training for safety management personnel in production and business operations shall include the following contents: (1) **Safety production policies and guidelines, as well as relevant laws, regulations, rules and standards regarding safety production ； (II) Knowledge of work safety management, work safety technology, occupational health, etc ； (III) Methods for statistics, reporting of casualties, and investigation and handling of occupational hazards ； (IV) Contents and requirements for emergency management, preparation of emergency plans, and emergency response ； (5) Advanced domestic and international experience in work safety management ； (VI) Analysis of typical accident and emergency rescue cases ； (7) Other content that requires training. Article 28 of the Work Safety Law on education and training for employees: Production and business operations entities shall provide work safety education and training to their employees, ensuring that they possess the necessary knowledge regarding work safety, are familiar with relevant work safety regulations and safety operating procedures, master the safety operating skills required for their positions, understand emergency response measures in case of accidents, and are aware of their rights and obligations in terms of work safety. Employees who have not passed safety production education and training shall not be allowed to work. Article 28: When a production or business entity employs dispatched workers, it shall include such workers in the unified management of its own employees, and provide them with education and training on the safety procedures and skills required for performing their tasks. The labor dispatch agency shall provide the dispatched workers with necessary safety production education and training. Article 28: When a production or business operation entity accepts interns from secondary vocational schools or higher education institutions, it shall provide them with appropriate safety production education and training, as well as the necessary personal protective equipment. Schools should assist production and business entities in providing safety production education and training to students. Article 28: Production and business operation entities shall establish records for safety production education and training, accurately documenting details such as the timing, content, participants, and assessment results of such education and training. Article 29: Education and training prior to the use of new processes, technologies, materials, or equipment. When a production or business entity adopts new processes, technologies, materials or uses new equipment, it must understand and master their safety-related technical characteristics, implement effective safety protection measures, and provide specialized education and training on safe production for its employees. Article 30: Special operation personnel in production and business operations must receive specialized safety training in accordance with **relevant regulations and obtain the corresponding qualifications before they can take up their duties. 【VI】Information on safety risk measures to ensure awareness of safety. Article 44: Production and business operation entities shall inform their employees truthfully about the hazardous factors present in the workplace and at their job positions, as well as the preventive measures and emergency response procedures in case of accidents. 【VII】Investment in Safety Measures Article 4 Production and business operations entities must abide by this Law as well as other laws and regulations related to work safety, strengthen work safety management, increase investment in funds, resources, technology, and personnel for work safety, and improve work safety conditions. Article 23: The financial resources necessary to meet the safety production requirements that production and business operations entities must have shall be ensured by the entity’s decision-making body, its principal responsible persons, or the investors in case of individual operation, and they shall bear responsibility for any consequences resulting from insufficient funding for safety production. Production and business operations entities shall allocate and utilize safety production funds in accordance with regulations, specifically for improving safety production conditions. Safety production expenses are recorded in the costs based on actual amounts incurred. The specific measures for the extraction, use, supervision, and management of safety production funds shall be formulated by the financial department of the State Council in conjunction with the emergency management department of the State Council, after seeking the opinions of relevant departments of the State Council. 【VIII】Safety inspections ensure safety – Article 44: Production and business operations entities shall educate and urge their employees to strictly comply with the entity’s safety production regulations and safety operating procedures. Article 46: Safety production managers of production and business operation entities shall conduct regular inspections of the safety production conditions in light of the characteristics of their respective entities’ production and business operations ； Safety issues identified during inspections should be addressed immediately ； If it cannot be handled, it should be reported promptly to the relevant person in charge of the unit, who shall handle it without delay. The inspection and handling procedures should be accurately recorded. If safety management personnel in a production or business operation unit discover major potential accident hazards during inspections, they shall report them to the relevant persons in charge of the unit in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. If those persons in charge fail to handle the issues promptly, the safety management personnel may report them to the competent department responsible for safety production supervision and management. The department that receives the report shall handle it promptly in accordance with the law. 【IX】Safety assessments ensure safety. Article 22: The comprehensive safety production responsibility system for all employees in a production and operation entity shall specify the responsible persons for each position, their scope of responsibilities, and the assessment criteria. Production and operation units shall establish corresponding mechanisms to strengthen the supervision and assessment of the implementation of the safety production responsibility system for all employees, ensuring its proper enforcement. 02 Nine Measures to Strengthen Safety Management in Production and Business Operations 1. Strengthen the development of safety production standardization 2. Strengthen the establishment of a dual-prevention system 3. Strengthen the identification and resolution of potential hazards 4. Strengthen the management of major hazard sources 5. Strengthen the management of high-risk operations 6. Strengthen coordinated safety management for operations conducted in the same location 7. Strengthen the safety management of contractors 8. Strengthen the safety management of project contracting 9. Enhance humanistic care 【I】 Strengthening the development of safety production standardization Article 4: Production and business operation entities must abide by this law as well as other laws and regulations related to safety production. They should strengthen safety management, establish comprehensive safety production responsibility systems and relevant rules and regulations, increase investment in funds, resources, technology, and personnel for safety production, improve safety conditions, advance the standardization and informatization of safety production, establish a dual-prevention mechanism based on risk classification and control as well as the identification and resolution of hazards, improve mechanisms for risk prevention and mitigation, and enhance the level of safety production to ensure safe operations. Article 21 The principal person in charge of a production and business operation entity shall have the following responsibilities regarding work related to work safety within the entity: (1) Establish and improve the system of work safety responsibilities for all employees within the entity, and strengthen the standardization of work safety efforts ； 【II】Strengthening the development of a dual-prevention system Article 4 Production and business operations entities must abide by this Law as well as other laws and regulations related to work safety, strengthen work safety management, establish a dual-prevention mechanism based on risk classification and control as well as the identification and elimination of potential hazards, improve mechanisms for preventing and mitigating risks, and enhance work safety standards to ensure safe production. 【III】Strengthening the identification and mitigation of potential hazards Article 41 Production and business operations entities shall establish a system for the hierarchical management of safety risks, and adopt corresponding control measures in accordance with the level of those risks. Production and business operation entities shall establish and improve systems for identifying and addressing potential hazards related to production safety, and adopt technical and managerial measures to promptly detect and eliminate such hazards. The status of identifying and addressing potential accident hazards should be recorded accurately, and information thereon should be communicated to the employees through staff meetings or employee representative assemblies, as well as through information boards. Among them, the progress in identifying and addressing major accident hazards shall be reported in a timely manner to the departments responsible for work safety supervision and management, as well as to the workers’ assembly or workers’ representative council. The departments responsible for work safety supervision and management at the local people’s governments at all levels above the county level shall include major accident hazards in relevant information systems, establish and improve systems for overseeing the elimination of such hazards, and urge production and business units to remove them. Article 46: Safety production managers of production and business operation entities shall conduct regular inspections of the safety production conditions in light of the characteristics of their respective entities’ production and business operations ； Safety issues identified during inspections should be addressed immediately ； If it cannot be handled, it should be reported promptly to the relevant person in charge of the unit, who shall handle it without delay. The inspection and handling procedures should be accurately recorded. If safety management personnel in a production or business operation unit discover major potential accident hazards during inspections, they shall report them to the relevant persons in charge of the unit in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. If those persons in charge fail to handle the issues promptly, the safety management personnel may report them to the competent department responsible for safety production supervision and management. The department that receives the report shall handle it promptly in accordance with the law. Article 24 of the Henan Safety Regulations stipulates that production and business operations entities shall establish and improve systems for identifying and addressing potential safety hazards, clarify the responsibilities of the entity’s management and employees in various positions regarding such identification and resolution, develop lists of standards for identifying and dealing with safety hazards, and promptly detect and eliminate such hazards. For general accident hazards, corrective actions should be taken immediately ； For major potential accident hazards, a remediation plan should be formulated promptly and reported to the departments responsible for work safety supervision and management at the county level or above; corresponding measures should be taken in accordance with this plan to eliminate the hazards, and an inspection should be conducted upon completion of the remediation. During the process of addressing potential accident hazards, production and operation units shall take necessary measures to prevent accidents from occurring. If safety cannot be ensured, workers in the hazardous area must be evacuated, and any other persons who may be at risk should be removed from there as well. Operations must be suspended temporarily, or the relevant facilities, equipment, and devices must stop being used. Warning signs should be installed, and personnel should be stationed on site if necessary ； For relevant facilities, equipment, and devices that are difficult to shut down or cease using, enhanced monitoring should be implemented to prevent accidents. Production and business operations entities shall conduct statistical analysis of the identification and rectification of potential accident hazards on a monthly basis, report to the departments responsible for safety production supervision and management, and inform their employees thereof. Article 25 Under any of the following circumstances, a production and operation entity shall conduct a special inspection for potential accident hazards: (1) Changes occur in the safety production standards following the issuance or amendment of laws, regulations, or rules related to safety production ； (II) Changes in working conditions, equipment and facilities, and process technology ； (III) Resuming work and production, or the occurrence of accidents or emergencies ； (IV) Flood season, extreme or abnormal weather, major holidays, and large-scale events ； (5) Other circumstances in which special inspections for potential accident hazards should be conducted. [IV] Strengthening the management of major hazard sources. Article 40: Production and business entities shall register and document major hazard sources, conduct regular inspections, evaluations, and monitoring thereof. They must also formulate emergency response plans and inform their employees and relevant personnel of the emergency measures to be taken in case of an emergency. Production and business operation entities shall, in accordance with **relevant regulations**, file records of their major hazard sources as well as the relevant safety measures and emergency response measures with the local people’s **emergency management departments** and other relevant authorities. The emergency management departments and relevant agencies of the local people should share information through relevant information systems. 【V】Strengthening the management of high-risk operations Article 43: When engaging in operations such as blasting, lifting, hot work, temporary power use, and other high-risk activities specified by the emergency management department of the State Council in conjunction with relevant departments of the State Council, production and business operation entities shall assign dedicated personnel to oversee safety at the site, to ensure compliance with operating procedures and the implementation of safety measures. Safety Specifications for Special Operations in Chemical Production Units. This standard specifies the safety requirements for activities such as hot work, entry into confined spaces, plug-and-trap operations, work at heights, lifting, temporary power usage, earthwork, and circuit disconnection during equipment maintenance in chemical production units. This standard applies to hot work, work in confined spaces, blind flange removal and installation, work at heights, lifting operations, temporary power usage, earthwork, and line cutting involved in the equipment maintenance of chemical manufacturing units. 【VI】Strengthening coordinated safety management in the same workplace Article 48: Where two or more production and business entities carry out production and business activities in the same area and such activities may pose a threat to the safety of each other’s operations, they shall enter into a safety management agreement that specifies their respective responsibilities for safety management as well as the safety measures to be taken. Additionally, dedicated safety management personnel shall be appointed to conduct safety inspections and facilitate coordination. 【VII】Strengthening the safety management of contractors Article 49: Production and business operation entities shall not assign or lease their production and business operations, premises, or equipment to entities or individuals that do not meet the requirements for safe production or lack the necessary qualifications. When production and operation projects or premises are contracted out or leased to other entities, the production and operation entity shall enter into a separate safety management agreement with the contracting or leasing entity, or specify their respective safety management responsibilities in the contract or lease agreement ； Production and operation entities shall provide unified coordination and management of the work related to safety production by subcontracted and leased units, conduct regular safety inspections, and promptly urge rectification in case of any safety issues identified. 【VIII】Strengthening the safety management of project contracting Article 49: Construction units engaged in mining, metal smelting projects, and projects for the production, storage, and handling of hazardous materials shall strengthen the safety management of such projects. They are prohibited from reselling, renting, lending, affiliating themselves with other entities, or otherwise transferring their construction qualifications illegally. They shall not subcontract all the construction work they have been entrusted with to third parties, nor shall they break down such work and subcontract it to third parties under the guise of subcontracts. Nor shall they assign projects to entities that do not possess the necessary qualifications. 【IX】Strengthening humanistic care: Article 44 States that production and business operations entities shall pay attention to the physical, psychological conditions and behavioral habits of their employees, provide them with psychological support and emotional comfort, strictly enforce safety responsibilities at work, and prevent accidents resulting from abnormal behavior on the part of employees. 03 Strict Prohibition: It is strictly prohibited to mix employee dormitories with areas where hazardous materials are present or with business premises. Article 42 stipulates that workshops, stores, and warehouses where hazardous materials are produced, handled, stored, or used must not be located in the same building as employee dormitories; furthermore, they must maintain a safe distance from such dormitories. Production and operation sites as well as employee dormitories shall be equipped with exits and evacuation routes that meet emergency evacuation requirements, are clearly marked, and remain unobstructed. It is prohibited to occupy, lock, or block the exits and evacuation routes of production and business premises or employee dormitories. 04 Insurance: Employers must pay work-related injury insurance premiums; insurance covering occupational safety responsibilities is encouraged. Article 51: Production and business entities must participate in work-related injury insurance in accordance with the law and pay insurance premiums for their employees. **Production and business entities are encouraged to purchase liability insurance for work safety ； Production and operation units in **designated high-risk industries and sectors shall purchase work safety liability insurance. The specific scope and implementation measures shall be formulated by the emergency management department of the State Council, in conjunction with the financial department of the State Council, the insurance regulatory authority of the State Council, and the relevant industry authorities.