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1. Safety checks and preparatory work before driving 1.1 The safety requirements at the driving site are as follows: 1.1.1 The ground should be level, and safety passages as well as driving routes must be unobstructed. All scaffolding installed for installation or maintenance, lifting ropes, and components that hinder operations must be removed. 1.1.2 No installation or maintenance waste, nor obsolete materials; the equipment surface is free of oil stains and dirt ； The equipment is well insulated. 1.1.3 Ensure proper safety measures, as well as implementation of the “three inspections,” “four fixations,” and “three simultaneities.” 1.2 Safety, gas protection, and fire-fighting equipment 1.2.1 Long-tube respirators, oxygen respirators, isolated gas masks, and gas protection equipment cabinets are placed in designated locations to ensure flexibility, safety, and ease of use. 1.2.2 All types of dry powder and foam fire extinguishers are properly placed and in good condition. 1.2.3 All fire hoses and nozzles are complete and in good condition. 1.3 Lighting and Power Supply 1.3.1 The lighting fixtures and power supply at the operation site are in good condition. 1.3.2 The safety lights and power supplies used for maintenance and level measurement meet the requirements for safe production, ensuring adequate and good lighting. 1.4 Operator Tools 1.4.1 The “F” wrenches used for starting the machine are placed in their designated positions, and the listening rods are available. All operation reports and records are complete. 1.4.2 The tools used for repair and maintenance are in good condition. 1.5 Cooling Water: Check that the inlet and outlet valves for the cooling water used in various pumps, as well as in different types of rotating shaft seals, bearing shells, and bearings, are open, ensuring smooth water flow. The cooling water pressure is normal, with no leaks or blockages. 1.6 Anti-freezing: For pipes, valves, container equipment, pumps and other components that are prone to holding water in winter, anti-freezing measures should be taken regularly when they are shut down or in standby mode (draining and cleaning, regular rotation, frequent discharge, insulation and heating, etc.), to prevent freezing and damage to the equipment. 1.7 Inspection of equipment foundations: Check the foundations and base plates of rotating equipment and motors to ensure that the anchor bolts are not loose, and that there is no vibration or debris or dirt present. 1.8 Drive unit inspection: The backup wheels of rotating equipment and the connection nuts of elastic couplings are not loose. 1.9 Inspection of safety guards: The enclosures around rotating equipment and the guards on the drive wheels are in good condition, and the rotation direction indicated on the guards (on the motor or equipment) matches the actual direction of rotation. 1.10 Lubrication Condition Inspection 1.10.1 Check that all oil cups, oil containers, oil tanks, and oil injection points are properly lubricated, with the oil level maintained at 1/2. 1.10.2 Ensure good rotational lubrication of the lubricated parts within the machine that use oil scoops or oil slinger cups. 1.10.3 Check that the quality of each lubricating oil (grease) and the oil at the filling points meets the design requirements; otherwise, replace the oil (grease). 1.11 The thermometers are in good condition; those used to measure the temperature of the motor and the temperature of the equipment’s bearing shells are functional and accurate. 1.12 Check for leaks: The moving and stationary leakage points of the pump bodies, shaft seal packing, suction, and discharge valves of various pumps should be within specified limits; tighten the nuts if necessary to prevent leaks. 1.13 Open the pump and check that the inlet and outlet valve stems are not detached, and verify that there are no abnormalities in the inlet and outlet pipes as well as the pressure gauges on the valves. The check valve on the discharge pipe does not leak internally. 1.14 Electrical inspection: Notify the electrician and coordinate the inspection of the motor insulation and grounding wires, to ensure that the remote switches, buttons, indicator lights, relays, ammeters, voltmeters, alarms, and interlock switches in the field and control room are functioning properly. Check and adjust the excitation section before starting the DC motor. 1.15 Manually rotate the rotating equipment 2–3 times; there should be no jamming, friction, or abnormal noises. 1.16 Place the standby pump with a “self-start” function in the “self-start” switch position. The suction and discharge valves of the standby pump are fully open, and the cooling water flow is unobstructed to enable emergency startup. 1.17 Notify the instrument operator to check that the pressure and temperature measurement points, as well as the measuring elements and primary instruments, are functioning properly. 1.18 A button switch and instrument set with two functions are designed (one at the site and one in the control room); the control room indications are calibrated based on those at the site. The stop switch in the control room is intended only for remote emergency shutdown. 1.19 For equipment under maintenance, the circuit breaker should be disconnected, and warning signs such as “Work in progress; do not start” or “Do not supply power” should be installed. 1.20 Check that all safety valves in the system are calibrated on schedule, as are the explosion-proof membranes, to ensure they remain sensitive and functional. 1.21 Communication 1.21.1 Telephone communication is smooth. 1.21.2 Coordinate with the dispatcher and relevant workshops/posts before driving. 2. General rules for pumps 2.1 Before starting a single-stage centrifugal pump, open the suction valve, discharge valve, and inlet/outlet drain valves to allow any gas present in the pump to be discharged properly; thereafter, close the discharge valve and the inlet/outlet drain valves. 2.2 For centrifugal pumps, slightly open the circulation valve before starting; after startup, it is easier to open the pump discharge valve. 2.3 Various types of pumps can have their flow rate and outlet pressure adjusted using control valves. 2.4 Before starting rotary positive displacement pumps and positive displacement piston pumps, to prevent damage to the pump body caused by pressure buildup, both the inlet and outlet valves of the pump must be opened prior to startup. 2.5 Reverse operation of the pump: The standby pump is started according to the startup procedure; once the pressure reaches normal levels, it is connected to the operating pipeline network. Gradually, the flow rate from the standby pump is adjusted, while the flow rate from the operating pump is reduced step by step. Eventually, the operating pump is shut down. It is important to ensure that there are no fluctuations in pressure or flow rate during this reverse operation. 2.6 For pumps with a “self-start” function, check that the check valve does not have significant internal leakage. In normal production, the inlet and outlet valves of its standby pump are kept open, keeping it in a ready state for emergency use, without the need for manual rotation. 2.7 In daily operation of various pumps, the root valves on the inlet and outlet pressure gauges are in the open position, and the cooling water for the pumps is also turned on. 2.8 When parking in winter, drain the water remaining in the pump to prevent freezing and cracking. 2.9 For slurry pumps used to transport particles, it is necessary to promptly flush the suction and discharge pipeline valves as well as the pump body before starting up and after shutting down the pump. 2.10 The routine lubrication (oiling) of various pumps is generally carried out during the day shift (except when there is a lack of oil). 2.11 The safety valves on the outlet pipes of various types of pumps shall be calibrated every six months. 3. General rules for accident handling 3.1 In the event that a single operating device encounters the following situations, it should be shut down urgently, or a backup device should be activated promptly to ensure the continued operation of the system. 3.1.1 Motor smoking, sparking, or severe overheating ； 3.1.2 Severe vibration of the machine, overheating or burnout of the bearing shells ； 3.1.3 Intense impact and friction sounds inside the machine ； 3.1.4 Rupture of pipes, fittings, and valves connected to the equipment, resulting in excessive leakage of water or steam, or explosion of the equipment. 3.1.5 A large release of gas can lead to fires and explosions. 3.2 If pumps with a “self-start” function cannot ensure the proper operation of the system, and the backup pumps do not meet the requirements for standby use, request to shut down the system. 3.3 In the event of signs of major equipment failures that could endanger the safety of the equipment or lead to serious consequences, and when there is no time to report to superiors, the operators have the authority to initiate a shutdown on their own before notifying the relevant departments. 3.4 If blockages are detected in the operating pipeline, the pump’s suction or discharge outlet, or the pipeline filter, switch to the backup pump or pipeline filter, and then attempt to flush out the blocked area. 4. General rules for lubrication: 4.1 Equipment lubrication should be carried out in a consistent manner regarding quality, quantity, responsible person, location, and timing; moreover, the lubricated parts should be cleaned and the oil replaced on a regular basis. 4.2 Each operating team is equipped with filters to implement three-stage filtration ； Fill the oil tank with oil and filter it ； Filling the oil canister from the oil barrel with filtered oil ； The oil can is used to fill the filter at the designated oiling point. 4.3 Filter screen size specifications: 4.3.1 For turbine oil, refrigeration oil, compressor oil, machine oil, automotive engine oil, etc.: Grade 1 – 60 mesh ； Grade 2, 80 mesh ； Grade 3, 100 mesh. 4.3.2 Cylinder oil and gear oil filter mesh size: 40 mesh, grade 1 ； Grade 2, 60 mesh ； Grade 3, 80 mesh. 4.4 The equipment is equipped with lubrication points that allow for automatic oil filling; the oil level, oil pressure, oil temperature, and the amount of oil delivered by the filling pump should be checked once per hour, and any issues detected must be addressed promptly. 4.5 Lubricate the grease in the valves of various lead screws (except oxygen valves) and flange bolts once a month. 4.6 Before starting the main machine, check the oil lubrication of the lubrication points in various rotating equipment; if the amount of oil is insufficient, add grease to bring it within the standard range before startup.