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(This is my first post; I’m not sure if this is the correct way to do it.) I plan to design an experimental ammonia nitrogen circulation stripping tower – how should the flow rate be determined? The manager said that first, the flow rate should be determined based on reducing the ammonia nitrogen concentration from 500 ppm to 10 ppm, and only then can the pump model be selected. However, in the information I found, the flow rate is given as a known value; there was no mention of using the ammonia nitrogen concentrations at the inlet and outlet to determine the flow rate. (In the information I found, it is necessary to know the flow rate and the empty tower gas velocity in order to calculate the tower diameter; thereafter, if the tower diameter divided by the nominal diameter of the packing is greater than 8, an appropriate packing size can be chosen. However, determining the empty tower gas velocity requires knowing the bubble point velocity: there are several methods for calculating the bubble point velocity for packed columns. One of these methods involves using the gas phase load factor C, but calculating the value of C requires knowledge of the surface tension of the material. The formula states that this value can be determined based on the properties of the material, but I was unable to find out exactly how to do this.) ； Secondly, it makes use of the gas-phase kinetic energy factor; however, one is supposed to look up this factor in a table, but I couldn’t find such a table ； It’s impossible to calculate the gas velocity in an empty tower; since it’s a small-scale system, empirical values cannot be used directly. So that’s where I’m stuck. Secondly, even though the gas velocity in the empty tower is known, I still don’t know the flow rate of the water entering the system. I tried to calculate an appropriate flow rate using the inequality >8, but it seems that this has nothing to do with the ammonia nitrogen concentration. First of all, I would appreciate it if everyone could help me answer the questions regarding the determination of flow rates, the calculation of the gas velocity, and why the flow rate determined doesn’t relate to the ammonia nitrogen concentration as mentioned by my supervisor. Finally, could someone tell me the exact sequence of calculations for this design? Sometimes I feel like I’m going in circles and still can’t arrive at a solution; it would be great if an example of such a design could be provided. Thank you very much! ! (This is my first post; I’m not sure if this is the correct way to do it.)