**Plan for the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases (2016–2020)

Yes, at present, the prevention and control of occupational diseases in our country still faces many problems and challenges. First, the hazards associated with occupational diseases remain severe. Nearly 30,000 new cases of occupational diseases are reported nationwide each year, distributed across various industries such as coal, chemicals, non-ferrous metals, and light industry, involving a large number of enterprises. Second, the employer’s primary responsibilities are not properly fulfilled. Some employers’ key officials lack a strong awareness of the rule of law; they invest insufficiently in improving working conditions, providing protective equipment, and organizing occupational health checks, as a result of which the protection of migrant workers and those employed through labor dispatch services against occupational diseases is not adequately ensured. Third, there is a lack of capacity in occupational health supervision and services for the prevention and control of occupational diseases. In some areas, the local supervision capabilities and infrastructure for prevention and control are weak; there is incomplete information on hazards, and the capacity to monitor key occupational diseases and occupational hazard factors is insufficient. Fourth, the new issues related to occupational disease hazards cannot be ignored. With the widespread use of new technologies, processes, equipment, and materials, new occupational disease hazards continue to emerge, posing new challenges to the prevention and control of occupational diseases.

II. General Requirements 1. Guiding Principles: Fully implement the Party’s * principles and the spirit of the 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee; thoroughly study and implement the important speeches of ****; earnestly carry out the decisions and arrangements made by **** and the State Council. Focusing on advancing the \"five-sphere integrated plan\" as well as the \"four-pronged comprehensive strategy,\" it is necessary to firmly establish and apply the development concepts of innovation, coordination, sustainability, openness, and sharing. Adhere to the correct guidelines for health work, strengthen regulatory responsibilities, urge employers to assume their primary responsibilities, improve the level of prevention and control of occupational diseases, encourage broad participation from across society, effectively prevent and control occupational disease hazards, safeguard the occupational health rights and interests of workers, promote sustainable and healthy economic and social development, and lay a solid foundation for advancing the construction of a Healthy China.

2 Basic Principles: Adhere to prevention and control in accordance with the law. Advance the legalization of occupational disease prevention and control efforts, establish and improve relevant laws, regulations, and standards, and carry out work in accordance with the law and regulations. Implement the statutory responsibilities for prevention and control; while overseeing industries, operations, and production and business activities, it is essential to also manage occupational disease prevention and control effectively, and establish a credibility system for employers. Adhere to source control. It is necessary to understand the patterns of development in occupational health, adhere to a prevention-first approach combined with control measures, and focus on key industries, specific occupational hazards, and vulnerable groups. By doing so, employers can be encouraged to carry out technological upgrades and structural changes, improve working conditions, and prevent and control occupational hazards at the source. Adhere to a comprehensive approach. Coordinating all aspects related to the prevention and control of occupational diseases, placing greater emphasis on inter-departmental coordination and resource sharing, ensuring that employers assume their primary responsibilities, raising workers’ awareness of personal protective measures, and promoting a situation in which employers, workers, and relevant parties all fulfill their duties and work together to create a unified effort in disease prevention and control.

3 Planning Objectives By 2020, establish a framework for the prevention and control of occupational diseases in which employers take responsibility, administrative agencies carry out supervision, industry associations practice self-regulation, employees participate, and society exercises oversight. The legal framework, regulations, and standards for the prevention and control of occupational diseases have been largely improved; the level of supervision in occupational health has increased significantly; the capacity to provide services for preventing and controlling occupational diseases has grown markedly; and the standards for treatment, assistance, and work-related injury insurance continue to improve ； Efforts to address the root causes of occupational diseases have been intensified; the primary responsibilities of employers are being consistently fulfilled, the working environment in workplaces has improved significantly, occupational health monitoring is carried out in an orderly manner, and workers’ rights related to occupational health are effectively protected ； The proportion of newly reported cases of pneumoconiosis among workers with less than 5 years of exposure to dust has decreased, and serious acute occupational disease incidents, chronic occupational chemical poisoning, and acute occupational radiation diseases have been effectively controlled.

III. Main Tasks 1: Strengthen source control by conducting nationwide surveys on occupational disease hazards, in order to gain an understanding of the basic situation of employers that generate such hazards, as well as information regarding the distribution of these hazards across different regions, industries, job positions, and populations. Establish a management system for a list of outdated processes, materials, and equipment that pose serious occupational disease hazards, aiming to eliminate or restrict their use, and promote new technologies, processes, equipment, and materials that help protect workers’ health. Focusing on occupational pneumoconiosis and chemical poisoning, special rectification efforts are carried out in industries such as mining, non-ferrous metals, metallurgy, and building materials. Implement strict control at the source, and encourage employers with severe occupational disease hazards to carry out technical upgrades and transformation. Carry out initiatives to assist in addressing the hazards associated with occupational diseases, and explore the establishment of public welfare guidance and assistance platforms for the prevention and control of occupational diseases in small and micro employers. Strengthen the research, identification, assessment, and control of new occupational disease hazards.

2. Ensure that employers assume their primary responsibilities; urge those with severe occupational disease hazards to establish responsibility systems for prevention and control, improve the system of job-specific responsibilities, and ensure that responsibilities are properly assigned, adequate resources are allocated, supervision is in place, protective measures are sufficient, and emergency rescue services are available. Encourage enterprises to establish occupational health management institutions in accordance with the law, and assign full-time (part-time) management personnel and technical staff. Through methods such as experience sharing and model establishment, employers are guided to play a leading role and fulfill their legal obligations on their own. Help employers carry out targeted occupational health training to raise the awareness of key personnel, managers, and workers regarding the prevention of occupational disease hazards. Urge employers to implement the \"three simultaneities\" system for occupational disease prevention facilities in construction projects (simultaneous design, simultaneous construction, and simultaneous commissioning for production and use), and strengthen the management of aspects such as hazard pre-assessment, evaluation of the effectiveness of prevention facilities, and completion inspection. Improve the working environment, carry out proper registration of hazard factors in the workplace, conduct daily monitoring and regular testing, as well as manage personal protective equipment. Strictly enforce the system for announcing the results of tests on occupational disease hazards in the workplace and the corresponding protective measures, and install warning signs and instructions at those work positions where serious hazards exist. Guide employers to establish and improve occupational health surveillance systems, organize workers to undergo occupational health examinations, and assist in the diagnosis and identification of occupational diseases.

3. Strengthen supervision and enforcement in occupational health; enhance the construction of the occupational health supervision network, and gradually improve the supervision and enforcement workforce. Vigorously improve the level of supervision at the grassroots level, with a focus on strengthening the capacity for occupational health supervision and law enforcement, as well as the equipment available at the county and township levels. Exercise regulatory duties in accordance with the law, and urge employers to strengthen the occupational health management of groups at high risk of occupational diseases, such as migrant workers and employees dispatched through labor agencies. Expand the scope of supervision and inspection, increase oversight of key industries, key enterprises, construction projects with occupational disease hazards, as well as occupational health technology service agencies, occupational disease diagnosis institutions, and occupational health examination institutions. Carry out inspections and supervision of occupational health services, and take strict action to address any illegal or irregular activities. For employers where the hazards associated with occupational diseases are severe and which still fail to meet the required standards even after reforms, they shall be ordered, in strict accordance with the law, to cease operations that pose such hazards, or they shall be ordered to suspend construction or close down following the legal procedures. Establish a \"blacklist\" system for employers and occupational health technology service agencies, and regularly publish it to the public as well as inform the relevant departments. Emphasize the role of industry organizations in occupational health supervision.

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There are still many shortcomings in the prevention and control of occupational diseases in our country. Although improvements have been made, occupational health efforts remain relatively weak compared to other fields; **more efforts are still needed

When preparing a chemical process package, how should the requirements regarding hygiene be outlined?