[Haichuan Chemical Accident Information] Chemical accidents that occurred in foreign countries in those years - German chapter
Thread Content
This post was last edited by Yuyu in the Desert on 2017-9-3 10:28. On January 18, 1966, the air compressor room of the Llenheim Refinery in Germany exploded (explosion) 1. The explosion interrupted ventilation for 20 minutes before calling the police. At about 10 a.m. on January 18, 1966, an explosion occurred in the air compressor room of the Llenheim Refinery in Germany, killing 3 people and injuring 83 people. Buildings within a radius of 400 meters were damaged, and glass windows of buildings 1 kilometer away were shattered. Economic losses were about 1.3 billion yen. Most of the injured were injured by broken glass. The explosion occurred during lunch time, and most of the employees were in the canteen. There were not many workers on site, so there were few deaths. The explosion caused a communication outage and it was impossible to contact the Frankfurt fire department. The driver of a car passing near the factory notified the fire station of the accident at 10:22. The combustion of methane gas around the naphtha decomposition unit endangered the two distillation towers, resulting in a large amount of water injection. The explosion damaged the equipment in many places, and flammable gas continued to be sprayed from pipelines and oil tanks. Considering that extinguishing the fire might cause an explosion, we had no choice but to let the gas burn. The temperature that day was as low as -9°C, making disaster relief activities extremely difficult. The large amount of water spray made the scene look like an ice field. 2. Pipe rupture is the trigger in Germany * * An investigation team composed of the Procuratorate, the University, the Supervision Bureau, the National Institute of Materials Testing and other units spent nearly two years investigating the accident and submitted an investigation report in 1968. However, it could only confirm that the 200mm pipe cracked due to rising pressure, and a large amount of gas was ejected, causing a nearby heating furnace to catch fire and explode. However, the cause of the pressure increase that caused the pipe to crack has not been elucidated. In addition to the company itself, the company where the accident occurred also provided accident information to companies in the same industry in the United States, Britain, the Netherlands and other countries, requested assistance, and set up an accident investigation team to investigate, and also concluded that it was consistent with Germany. * * The investigation team reached the same conclusion. Former professor at the University of Tokyo, Japan, made the following assumptions about the cause of the accident in the investigation report:: ⑴The pipeline was fed with methane gas at a low temperature of -160°C. The pipeline material was improperly selected and was damaged by thermal stress and pressure shock. ⑵The welding rod used is 3.3% nickel ferrite material. Under such low temperature conditions, high-grade 18/8/0.6 chromium, nickel, and manganese materials should be used. ⑶Pipes should also use 8-10%, 0.3-0.8 manganese materials that are most suitable for low temperature conditions of -160°C instead of 32-38% nickel, 0.3-0.6 manganese low-temperature steel materials. 3. Three lessons from the accident: ⑴After initial firefighting activities, focus should be on preventing the fire from spreading, with heavy water spraying being the most effective method. ⑵The explosion damaged telephone lines, necessitating the consideration of new emergency notification methods and communication equipment. ⑶Communication with the outside world during an accident is very confusing (police, fire, news reports, etc.), so it is necessary to determine in advance a spokesperson to release controlled information.
Explosion of hazardous chemicals in a chemical plant in Germany on April 16, 1978 1. Overview of the accident and its course On April 16, 1978, a strong explosion occurred in the hazardous chemicals washing workshop of the Haltern factory of Wasag Chemie AG bei Haltern in Germany, causing explosions in other workshops. Three people died and seven were injured in the accident. 2. Analysis of the cause of the accident The accident occurred when 600kg of washed hazardous chemicals were transported to the filtration workshop. It may be that the worker's transportation error caused the explosion of this mixed nitrate ester. Its explosion caused the explosion of 100kg of hazardous chemicals in the filtering workshop, which expanded the explosion disaster. All buildings within 800m from the center of the explosion immediately turned into a pile of broken walls, and three workshops were gone. Fragments of equipment and pipes, as well as fragments of reinforced concrete, flew around, creating a tragic scene.
On September 28, 1992, a fire broke out in the ethylene cracking unit of Beba in Germany. 1. Overview of the accident and its course. On September 28, 1992, a fire broke out in the ethylene cracking unit with a new capacity of 440,000 tons in Beba in Gelsenkirchen, Germany. This caused the death of one technician and injured seven people, four of whom were seriously injured. The factory will suspend production for three weeks until the investigation is completed. A company spokesman said that a pipeline transporting pyrolyzed benzene from the No. 4 cracking unit to the storage tank failed and benzene leaked out. Nearby workers called the on-site fire brigade. When the fire brigade was preparing to cover the benzene with foam, the benzene ignited, and two technicians and one firefighter encountered the resulting fireball. One person died 2 hours after the fire, two others were severely burned, and five firefighters were burned in the fire. The new ethylene unit has been running at full capacity for four weeks. The cracker has been shut down. The company will repair the pipeline network damaged in the fire. This work will take several days, after which the company will resume production, but it has to wait for the outcome of the state prosecution. 2. Analysis of the cause of the accident: pipeline failure of the cracking unit, benzene leakage, and chemical reaction causing combustion.
Leakage on February 22, 1993. Chemical leakage (poisoning and suffocation) from an aromatics plant in Germany. 1. Overview of the accident and its course. On February 22, 1993, there were about ten tons of chemicals in the aromatics intermediate plant of Hoechst Company in Griesheim, Frankfurt, Germany, mainly intermediates.* * * Methyl ether is released from the explosion-proof safety valve due to an increase in pressure (from 9 bar to 16 bar). But Hoechst said there was no apparent presence of highly toxic dioxins. Viscous, water-insoluble * * * Methyl ether, damages vehicles, roofs, contaminates soil and plants. The cleanup, which involves dispersing chemicals with a mixture of alcohol and water to remove contaminated vegetables, soil and cooling residue, will cost DM 10 million. About 200 kilograms of chemicals seeped into the Rhine River, and a warning was imposed on the Rhine River. The release caused a series of * * * The Methyl Ether Toxicity Controversy. Environmental groups believe the temperature is unlikely to create precursors for highly toxic dioxins. The factory was closed after the accident, and the cleanup had not been completed as of March 5. 2. Analysis of causes of things and human errors.
A sulfuric acid leakage (poisoning and suffocation) occurred at the German Hoechst Company on April 2, 1993. 1. Overview of the accident and its course. On April 2, 1993, a sulfuric acid leakage accident occurred at the production site of the German Hoechst Company in Frankfurt. 13 workers were injured due to contact with oleum. After the accident, firefighters entered the scene and added water to the leaked oleum to reduce the acid concentration. Most of the diluted acid was trapped in the overflow tank and then neutralized by the wastewater treatment system. Workers were injured by the generated acid vapor cloud and went to the hospital for treatment. Local residents were told to stay at home, with doors and windows closed, until the acid cloud dispersed. The maximum oleum concentration measured in the commercial area of the factory was 3.6 mg/m3. The series of accidents at Hoechst revealed serious safety problems in the German chemical industry and raised doubts about the emergency response capabilities of the world's largest chemical company. The Environment Minister has ordered an analysis of the reliability of Hoechst's safety. Hoechst said it will strictly inspect the safety of all dangerous factories and will not allow any further accidents to occur. An independent panel of experts is investigating the company's safety management systems. 2. Analysis of the cause of the accident. The company analyzed that the sulfur trioxide crystals blocked the exhaust pipe, causing several tons of oleum to overflow from the storage tank and enter the oleum absorbent. The strong reaction between the oleum and the absorbent caused a sudden increase in pressure, bursting the glass exhaust pipe, leaking oleum, and filling the entire building with smoke.
November 1, 1986 Rhine River pollution accident in Germany In November 1986, a fire broke out in the warehouse of Sandoz Chemical Company in Basel, Switzerland. A large amount of toxic chemicals flowed into the Rhine River along with the water used to extinguish the fire, causing the river near the accident area to become extinct and turning into a dead river. Eels and most fish died at 100 miles, and well water at 300 miles was undrinkable. Residents in Germany and the Netherlands were forced to ration water supplies, wiping out the US$21 billion Germany had invested in regulating the Rhine over the past several decades. The Rhine River is a famous international river. It originates under the Gotthard Peak in the Swiss Alps, flows from south to north through Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria, Germany, France and the Netherlands, and empties into the North Sea near the Port of Rotterdam. It has a total length of 1,360 kilometers and a drainage area of 224,000 square kilometers. The Rhine River has been the busiest waterway in Europe since ancient times, and it is also home to several * * drinking water source. Basel is located at the Rhine Bay and at the junction of Germany and France. It is the second largest city in Switzerland and the center of Switzerland's chemical industry. The three major chemical industry groups are concentrated in Basel. Late at night on November 1, 1986, a fire broke out in a chemical warehouse of the Sandoz Chemical Company in Basel, Switzerland. A steel tank containing about 1,250 tons of highly toxic pesticides exploded. Toxic substances such as sulfur, phosphorus, and mercury flowed into the sewers and into the Rhine River along with a large amount of fire-fighting water. Sandoz later admitted that a total of 1,246 tons of various chemicals were washed into the Rhine River by fire-fighting water, including 824 tons of pesticides, 71 tons of herbicides, 39 tons of fungicides, 4 tons of solvents, and 12 tons of organic mercury. Toxic substances form a 70-kilometer-long reddish streamer flowing downstream. The next day, the chemical plant clogged the sewers with plastic. Eight days later, the plug fell off under the pressure of the water, and dozens of tons of toxic substances flowed into the Rhine, causing pollution again. On November 21, the cooling system of the Aniline and Soda Chemical Company in Baden, Germany, failed, causing another 2 tons of pesticides to flow into the Rhine River, making the river water 200 times more toxic than the standard. This pollution caused serious damage to the ecology of the Rhine River. The accident caused the death of most fish within an area of approximately 160 kilometers, and well water within an area of approximately 480 kilometers was contaminated and rendered unfit for drinking. Alerts about pollution accidents were spread to downstream cities in Switzerland, Germany, France, and the Netherlands. All water plants along the river were closed and cars were used to provide rationed water to residents. Because the Rhine River is 865 kilometers long in Germany and is the most important river in Germany, it suffered the most losses. The accident wiped out the US$21 billion that Germany had invested in regulating the Rhine River over the past several decades. The Netherlands, which is close to the seaport, has closed all the river gates connected to the Rhine River. Some newspapers in France and the former West Germany compared this incident to the poison gas leak in Bhopal, India, and the Chernobyl nuclear power plant explosion in the former Soviet Union. "Popular Science Knowledge" summarizes the most famous pollution accidents that occurred in the world in the 20th century. The Rhine River water pollution accident was listed as the sixth of the "Six Major Pollution Accidents". After the incident, the French Environment Minister asked Switzerland on December 19 * * Compensation of US$38 million is to compensate for potential losses such as short-term losses to the fishing and shipping industries, medium-term losses to restore ecologically damaged ecosystems, and expenses to build dams on the Rhine. Switzerland * * and Sandoz Company expressed their willingness to resolve the issue of damages. Finally, Sandoz Company submitted a request to French fishermen and French * * Compensation was paid. The company has also taken a series of related improvement measures, established a "Sandoz-Rhine Foundation" to help restore the ecosystem damaged by this incident, and donated US$7.3 million to the World Wildlife Fund to fund a three-year plan to restore the flora and fauna of the Rhine River.
On April 2, 1993, a sulfuric acid leakage accident occurred at the production site of the German Hoechst Company in Frankfurt. 1. Overview of the accident and its course. On April 2, 1993, a sulfuric acid leakage accident occurred at the production site of the German Hoechst Company in Frankfurt. 13 workers were injured due to exposure to fuming sulfuric acid. After the accident, firefighters entered the scene and added water to the leaked oleum to reduce the acid concentration. Most of the diluted acid was trapped in the overflow tank and then neutralized by the wastewater treatment system. Workers were injured by the generated acid vapor cloud and went to the hospital for treatment. Local residents were told to stay at home, with doors and windows closed, until the acid cloud dispersed. The maximum oleum concentration measured in the commercial area of the factory was 3.6 mg/m3. The series of accidents at Hoechst revealed serious safety problems in the German chemical industry and raised doubts about the emergency response capabilities of the world's largest chemical company. The Environment Minister has ordered an analysis of the reliability of Hoechst's safety. Hoechst said it will strictly inspect the safety of all dangerous factories and will not allow any further accidents to occur. An independent panel of experts is investigating the company's safety management systems. 2. Analysis of the Cause of the Accident The company analyzed that the sulfur trioxide crystals blocked the exhaust pipe, causing several tons of oleum to overflow from the storage tank and enter the oleum absorbent. The strong reaction between the oleum and the absorbent caused a sudden increase in pressure, bursting the glass exhaust pipe, leaking oleum, and filling the entire building with smoke.
On February 16, 2017, sulfuric acid leaked from a chemical plant in Oberhausen. German Chinese Business News reported that on February 16, 2017, a sulfuric acid leak occurred in a factory in Oberhausen, causing local traffic to be paralyzed. 150 people suffered respiratory damage and were rushed to the hospital for rescue. Firefighters rushed to the scene and tried to use high-pressure water spray trucks to quickly eliminate the smoke. A spokesman for the Oberhausen fire brigade said the injured were currently undergoing examination and treatment, but the condition was not serious. It is understood that the incident was caused by a subsidiary factory of Hamm Chemie, a chemical company in Oberhausen, which is located near the company. The company has a total of 110 employees, 40 of whom suffered respiratory damage due to sulfuric acid leakage. The main cause of the accident was that 96% of the sulfuric acid in a 600 cubic meter container accidentally leaked when the company's employees were unloading cargo from the ship. A spokesman for Hamm said the accident may have been caused by an employee's mistake when introducing hydrochloric acid into a sulfuric acid container. Now, the sky above the incident site is filled with clouds and fog. These black clouds have spread hundreds of meters away and continue to extend to the northeast. The sulfuric acid in the container has not been completely emitted, and the concentration of sulfuric acid emitted from the container is very high. When the sulfuric acid reaches high altitudes and explodes, the acidic gases gather together to form a very harmful mist. This accident also greatly affected local traffic. Highway 42 was blocked and cars preparing to get off the highway were blocked at the exit. Buses and trains in the urban area where the accident occurred have stopped running. Trains running from Wesel to Dusseldorf and Koblenz, and passing through Oberhausen and Sterkrade have been suspended until the afternoon of February 16. Moreover, the Rhein-Herne-Kanal canal was also blocked and closed to traffic.
2014-09-10 The source of the explosion of propylene glycol at a chemical plant in Bremen, northern Germany: Global Network| 2014-09-10 11:19:58| [Global Network Comprehensive Report] According to the "Russia Today" news network on September 10, an explosion occurred at a chemical plant in Bremen, a city in northern Germany. The number of casualties in the accident is currently unknown. According to reports, after the explosion, relevant departments immediately dispatched rescue workers to the accident scene. There are currently about 300 firefighters and 60 police officers on site handling the incident. The local police said when introducing the explosion incident: “The explosion could be heard for dozens of kilometers and houses near the factory were severely damaged. ”In addition, the explosion caused the factory building to be destroyed and thick smoke billowed above the building. It is reported that the explosion was a C-type explosion, and its combustion products are highly toxic. The poisonous gas is spreading to the surrounding areas. Relevant departments advise local residents not to go out and close the doors and windows. The cause of the accident has not yet been identified, and the number of casualties has not been determined, but two people were seriously injured and sent to the hospital for treatment. (Reality * compile: Reviewed by Ge Jia: Zhai Luman)
Nitroglycerin explosion at Wasag Chemie AG bei Haltern in Germany on April 16, 1978. 1. Overview of the accident and its course. On April 16, 1978, a strong explosion occurred in the nitroglycerin washing workshop of the Haltern plant of Wasag Chemie AG bei Haltern in Germany, causing explosions in other workshops. Three people died and seven were injured in the accident. 2. Analysis of the cause of the accident The accident occurred when 600kg of washed nitroglycerin/nitroethylene glycol (60/40) was transferred to the filtration workshop. It may be that the worker's transportation error caused the explosion of this mixed nitrate ester. Its explosion caused the explosion of 100kg of nitroglycerine/nitroethylene glycol (60/40) in the mixing workshop and the explosion, which expanded the explosion disaster. All buildings within 800m from the center of the explosion immediately turned into a pile of broken walls, and the three workshops were gone. Fragments of equipment and pipes, as well as fragments of reinforced concrete, flew around, creating a tragic scene.