Daily Question 2015.8.7 (EIA Discussion): 3 Wealth points for replies, plus 5 Wealth points for correct answers (single-choice question)

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This post was last edited by Zhang Xiaopeng on 2015-8-21 at 17:44. When conducting predictions of water environment impacts, priority should be given to using ( ). When the level of assessment is low and the time available for assessment is short, making it impossible to obtain sufficient parameters and data, ( ) can be used instead. A. Physical model method and mathematical model method B. Physical model method and analogy analysis method C. Mathematical model method and analogy analysis method D. Analogy analysis method and physical model method Correct answer: C. Explanation: The methods for predicting changes in surface water quality can be roughly divided into three categories: mathematical model method, physical model method, and analogy analysis method. Mathematical modeling method: In general, this method is relatively simple and should be considered first. However, this method requires certain computational conditions and the input of necessary parameters, and the purification mechanisms of pollutants in water are difficult to express using mathematical models in many aspects. Analogical analysis method: This type of prediction is qualitative or semi-quantitative in nature. Existing similar projects may be found, but it is difficult to locate ones with similar water environment conditions to the project under consideration. Therefore, the results obtained using the analogy investigation method are often rather rough. It is generally used to determine certain parameters and data required in mathematical models when evaluating jobs of lower rank, over a shorter period of time, and when it is not possible to gather sufficient parameters and data. Physical model method: This method can reflect the relatively complex characteristics of water environments, features a high degree of quantification, and offers good reproducibility. However, corresponding test conditions and a large amount of basic data are required, and creating the model demands significant manpower, resources, and time. This method should be used when it is not possible to use mathematical modeling for prediction, the evaluation level is high, and strict requirements are placed on the prediction results. However, the chemical and biological purification processes of pollutants in water are difficult to simulate in experiments. Professional judgment method: Qualitatively reflects the environmental impact of construction projects. This method can be employed when water environment impact issues are particularly complex, making it difficult for ordinary environmental assessment professionals to accurately identify their environmental impact characteristics or to use conventional methods for predicting such impacts; or when the time available for conducting environmental impact assessments of a construction project does not allow for the use of those other methods.