This post was last edited by huazh on 2016-10-20 at 13:43. A standard throttling element, in simple terms, is one whose flow measurement characteristics are defined by technical standards. By processing and using it in accordance with the technical standards, the accuracy estimated in those standards can be achieved. In China, GB/T 2624 is used, which is based on foreign standards. There are several international technical standards for defining standard parts, and there are slight differences among them. Standard types include elements such as orifice plates, nozzles, and venturi tubes, all of which are referred to as standard throttling elements. The technical standards for standard throttling elements are established by summarizing data collected from numerous experiments over the years. However, in my opinion, even so, it does not mean that by using a standard throttle element on-site, one can achieve the accuracy estimated in the standards. It is common for installation and certain usage conditions not to meet the requirements, so attention should be paid to this aspect. By extension, non-standard throttling elements are those that are not defined by any publicly established technical standards; examples include V-cones, wedges, porous balancing elements, elbow-shaped components, and B-type elements. Manufacturing companies have their own technical standards or criteria, or they calibrate these elements after manufacturing before using them. Companies that conduct more research and experimentation will have more mature technologies.