Employee Safety Behavior Guidelines | Comprehensive and Practical

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The implementation of this specification can help strengthen employees’ safe operating behaviors, enhance their safety awareness, and reduce work-related safety accidents. I. General Principles for Employee Safety Behavior Standards 1. Before starting work, personal protective equipment must be worn in accordance with the operational requirements and the regulations specific to that type of work. If the personal protective equipment used gets damaged or becomes ineffective, apply for replacement in accordance with the company’s procedures. 2. When entering the site, pay attention to various safety warnings such as signs and warning signals; comply with the site’s safety regulations and instructions. Do not cross operating equipment, do not enter areas designated as dangerous zones without permission, do not urge others to violate safety procedures and operational standards, and do not use other people’s equipment. 3. Before starting work, ensure that the working environment and site are clean and orderly, that the floors, stairs, and corridors are level, and free of oil stains, water accumulation, snow, or ice. Ensure that the working environment has sufficient lighting, that the railings are intact, and that all manhole covers are in place. 4. Before starting work, one must fully understand the tasks involved. It is necessary to check whether there are any unsafe factors at the work site that could lead to electric shock, fire, explosion, falls, poisoning, heat stroke, burns, or other hazards, and to ensure that effective preventive measures have been taken. Only after this verification can work begin. 5. Personnel not assigned to this post are prohibited from tampering with various valve switches for electrical and mechanical equipment, oxygen, acetylene, etc. 6. Smoking is strictly prohibited in no-smoking areas. Alcohol consumption is prohibited before and during shifts, and it is not allowed to leave one’s post or engage in playful behavior during shifts. It is prohibited to bring personnel or items unrelated to the work into the work site. 7. It is prohibited to burn miscellaneous items within the factory premises and office areas. 8. Employees should be familiar with the fire emergency plan; in case of a fire, they should cut off the power supply as much as possible and call the fire emergency number 119. To extinguish a fire in its early stages, it is necessary to use the right firefighting equipment and stand on the upwind side. Keep essential fire escape tools such as towels on hand at all times, and evacuate promptly if the fire gets out of control. 9. When employees are cleaning blocked pipes under pressure, no one is allowed to stand at the outlet flange. 10. When cutting or removing heavy objects such as pipes and steel structural frames, one should stand on the side that is firmly secured. On the side that may fall or get cut and possibly bounce, it should be pulled down slowly using a rope or chain crane. 11. When pulling an object vertically or at an angle by hand, measures should be in place to prevent sudden falling, breaking, or detachment. 12. When using a sledgehammer, it is prohibited to wear gloves or to strike from the opposite side. 13. When stacking items, they should be placed from bottom to top to form a triangular shape, with the base secured firmly and the lower part being larger than the upper part ； Flat items should be stacked with seams pressed together; when removing items, do so from top to bottom, and it is prohibited to take them out from the middle. 14. A safety plan should be in place before carrying out demolition work, with step-by-step verification from top to bottom to prevent collapses, and constant attention must be paid to the safety of oneself and others. 15. It is prohibited to sit or lean on railings for rest in the workplace; when going up and down stairs, one must hold onto the railings. It is strictly prohibited to climb over platforms, window sills, door beams, guardrails, etc. 16 When lifting heavy objects by hand (especially on stairs), pay attention to the proper posture and way of applying force; hold the object firmly before slowly rising vertically to avoid sprains or strains, as well as crushes or contusions caused by the object falling. Be aware of your surroundings and stay vigilant. 17. When walking on slippery surfaces such as corridors, indoors, and in bathrooms, be careful to walk slowly to avoid slipping and getting injured. 18. When drawing hot water, be sure to align the mouth of the thermos with the hot water faucet before turning it on; turn off the faucet promptly once the water has reached the desired level. When carrying water upstairs, do so steadily and carefully, keeping a certain safe distance between the thermos and your body to prevent burns in case the thermos bursts. Regularly check the safety and reliability of the water bottle’s support bracket and handle; replace them promptly if they are not up to standard. 19. During reception activities, appropriate safety instructions should be given to visitors, necessary protective equipment provided, and personnel familiar with the site assigned to accompany and supervise them. II. The “Ten Prohibitions” for Safe Employee Behavior 1. It is prohibited to carry out operations or give instructions in violation of regulations. 2. Drinking is prohibited before and during shifts. 3. It is forbidden to leave one’s post or fall asleep at work. 4. Do not drive at excessive speeds. 5. Do not enter critical areas without permission. 6. It is not allowed to operate various switches, valves, and equipment without permission. 7. It is prohibited to work without wearing proper protective equipment. 8. It is prohibited to walk or stay under the lifted load. 9. Running is not allowed inside the factory building. 10. It is forbidden to set off fireworks and firecrackers within the factory. III. Prevention of mechanical injuries
1. Before starting work, carefully check whether tools are safe and reliable; do not use any substandard tools. After work is done, the tools should be placed in their designated locations. 2. Before operating the equipment, it is necessary to communicate with relevant and surrounding personnel (e.g., sounding a bell as a warning), conduct on-site verification, and only proceed with operation after ensuring there are no errors. 3. Do not operate equipment with insufficient or failed protective facilities. 4. When inspecting, cleaning, adjusting, or lubricating mechanical equipment, the machine must be shut down, the power switch turned off, and a warning tag placed on it. Adjustments must be made while in operation; a dedicated person should be assigned to supervise, and measures must be in place to prevent human contact with the moving parts. 5. After equipment maintenance and cleaning, the safety protection facilities should be restored to ensure they are complete and functional. 6. When safety faults or potential hazards are detected, appropriate protective measures should be taken, and the relevant supervisors should be informed so that prompt rectification can be carried out. 7. After removing safety facilities such as safety railings and fences during maintenance, temporary measures must be put in place; after the maintenance is completed, they must be restored or reinstated according to the original design. 8. After the maintenance of operating equipment or vehicles, it must be approved by both the maintenance personnel and the operators, followed by a test run conducted by the operators. 9. Employees are strictly prohibited from stepping over belts, idlers, and other rotating mechanical equipment. It is forbidden to pass tools across machinery, and throwing or tossing tools when transferring them up or down is not allowed. 10. When lubricating the rotating parts of the equipment, a long-nozzle grease gun must be used. IV. Prevention of lifting-related injuries
1. Crane operators must strictly adhere to the “Ten Prohibitions on Lifting”. ——Do not lift when overloaded. ——Do not pull or tug at an angle; lift properly. ——Do not lift with people standing on the load. ——The object is buried underground and not lifted. —— The weight is unclear and uncertain. ——Flammable and explosive materials must not be lifted. ——The safety devices don’t work at all. ——Improper bundling; do not lift if the object is not centered. ——Unclear signals – not to be heeded. ——Do not lift under uncommanded operation or with incorrect instructions. 2. When lifting items, anti-toppling measures must be taken; no one is allowed within the fall radius. 3. Overloading of all types of lifting equipment and tools is strictly prohibited. 4. Before performing lifting operations, check whether all tools have any defects. 5. The lifting supports, lifting points, and fixing points must be confirmed to be secure. 6. When operating a crane near pits, ditches, or overhead lines, sufficient safety distance must be maintained. 7. Personnel assisting with crane operations must not stand under the boom or within its rotation range. 8. When lifting objects with sharp edges, protective pads should be placed between the steel wire rope and those edges, to prevent the sharp corners of the object from damaging the rope and causing it to break, which could lead to the object falling and injuring people. 9. When multiple people are performing lifting operations, one person must serve as the unified commander; the commanding gestures and signals must be clear. 10. Loads must not be lowered over people or critical equipment; during lifting, objects must not be dragged or allowed to collide with anything. No one is permitted to stand on the loads. 11. When maintaining the overhead crane, it is necessary to cut off the power supply, place warning signs, set up barriers on the ground if needed, and assign a dedicated person to supervise the process. 12. When the overhead crane is loading or unloading goods from a truck, the truck driver is prohibited from remaining in the cab. During loading and unloading, no one is allowed on the truck when the overhead crane is lifting or lowering it. 13. When getting on or off lifting equipment such as overhead cranes and gantry cranes, communicate with the operator first; only get on or off after the equipment has come to a complete stop. V. Protection against electric shock injuries 1. Non-electrical professionals shall not carry out electrical installation and maintenance, nor shall they connect power sources without authorization. 2. Electrical professionals must not leave any potential hazards after installing, maintaining, or repairing electrical equipment. 3. The use of uninspected and unqualified insulating tools is strictly prohibited. 4. Do not pull the power cord of portable electrical appliances; a power extension cord may have only one connector, and the exposed metal wires are not allowed. 5. For hand-held power tools and mobile electrical equipment, the principle of \"one machine, one switch, one protection\" must be followed, and they should be regularly checked to ensure their sensitivity and reliability. 6. For portable electrical equipment such as electric fans and welding machines, the switch should be turned off first before moving them. 7. No one shall, without permission, arbitrarily remove electrical interlock devices, protective devices, or signaling devices. 8. When cleaning electrical equipment, the power must be turned off first; it is not allowed to wash it with water, nor to clean it using acidic or alkaline solutions. 9. The length of the primary cable (power cable) of a welding machine generally should not exceed 5 meters. 10. The height of exposed wires (slide wires) used should not be less than 3.5 meters. For those below 3.5 meters in height, safety mesh covers must be installed, along with clear safety signs or signal lights. 11. It is strictly prohibited to use power tools such as electric drills, hand grinders, and cordless saws outdoors in rainy weather. When using a hand lamp, it must be powered by a safe voltage of 36V or less; in humid environments, hand lamps with insulated handles should be used. 12. When using electrical appliances in daily office work, the plugs and sockets/outlets must be connected properly in accordance with regulations. The protective ground terminal of sockets/outlets must always be reliably connected to the protective wire separately, and they should be placed in locations where splashing water is unlikely to occur. It is strictly prohibited to connect the protective earth electrode and the working neutral line inside the plug (socket). When plugging or unplugging the plug, human hands must not touch the electrodes, and no pulling force should be applied to the power cord. Power supplies to electrical equipment should be cut off promptly when the equipment is paused or stopped in use, when a fault occurs, or in the event of a sudden power outage; appropriate technical measures should be taken if necessary. When the insulation or casing of an electrical device is damaged, which may lead to human contact with live parts, it should be stopped from use immediately, and repaired or replaced as soon as possible. 13. Important office equipment such as computers, printers, copiers, fax machines, and scanners should be properly taken care of and used responsibly; before leaving work, it is necessary to ensure that all equipment is turned off. When the appliance is not in use for an extended period of time (such as during holidays), the plug should also be removed to prevent the switch from failing and to avoid damage to the appliance due to continuous power supply, which could lead to fires. 14. Methods for quickly disconnecting power: — When someone is found to be electrocuted, the power supply should be cut off immediately by flipping the switch. When far from the circuit breaker, insulated pliers or a axe with a dry wooden handle can be used to cut off the power supply. ——Emergency responders must not pull the victim by hand or use metal rods or wet objects to rescue them; instead, insulated tools should be used to disconnect the electrocuted person from the power source. ——When rescuing in a capacitor or cable circuit, the power supply should be turned off to discharge it first before attempting to assist the person who has been electrocuted. ——In the case of electric shock at high voltage, appropriate first-aid measures should be taken according to the specific circumstances, while ensuring the safety of the rescuers. ——When rescuing a person who has been electrocuted, proper protection measures must be taken to prevent the victim from suffering additional injuries. VI. Protection against injuries caused by pressure vessels 1. Pressure vessels must not be operated above their maximum operating pressure. 2. It is not allowed to use if the safety accessories are incomplete or damaged. 3. It is not allowed to adjust or remove the safety valve arbitrarily. 4. Pressure, temperature, and liquid level should be checked regularly; any abnormalities should be reported immediately, and effective measures should be taken. 5. Safety valves must pass inspection before they can be used. 6. Pressure vessels must ensure that their anti-corrosion coatings are intact, that the safety devices are complete and sensitive, that the fasteners are in good condition and reliable, and that the materials meet the design requirements. 7. When installing the oxygen gauge, first open the main valve to release a little air and blow away any dust from the connection points, then install the gauge. The gauge should be screwed in at least 5 turns, and the gas outlet must not be directed at anyone when the gas is turned on. ?8. When turning on the oxygen supply, first turn on the main switch of the gas cylinder, then tighten the screw on the pressure gauge, to prevent the cylinder’s lift rod from being damaged and causing injury. When turning off the oxygen, loosen the gauge screw first, then close the main valve. 9. The valve of the gas cylinder should not be opened too wide at once; adjustments should be made only when the pressure is insufficient. 10. The various paint colors of the gas cylinders must remain intact and must not be altered. ?11. Gas cylinders should be kept at a distance of 1 meter from heating systems and other plumbing equipment; in summer, they should be stored away from direct sunlight ； The distance between gas cylinders and open flames must be at least 10 meters, while the distance between acetylene and oxygen cylinders must be at least 5 meters. 12. It is strictly prohibited to use heat to thaw a bottle valve when it is frozen; if necessary, use warm water to thaw it. ?13. It is strictly prohibited to use electromagnetic cranes and chains for lifting and transporting. ?14. When moving gas cylinders, handle them gently; throwing, sliding, or hitting them is strictly prohibited. ?15. When using an acetylene cylinder, it is necessary to secure it properly to prevent it from tipping over; it must never be used in a horizontal position. It is strictly prohibited to connect gas cylinders to electrical grounding wires. 16. Acetylene cylinders must never be placed in areas with poor ventilation or exposure to radiation, nor on insulators such as rubber. 17. Oxygen cylinders and acetylene cylinders, as well as rubber hoses, must be free of oil stains. It is strictly prohibited to use oxygen cylinders and acetylene cylinders that lack shock-absorbing rings, safety caps, calibration marks, or flame arrestors. ?18. When using an acetylene gas cylinder, a dedicated pressure regulator and flashback arrester must be installed. The valve should be opened gently and slowly, with one’s body positioned to the side and behind the valve. ?19. The gas in the bottle must not be exhausted completely; a certain amount of residual pressure must remain. The remaining pressure and ambient temperature are as shown in the table below: (Temperature in °C, Pressure in MPa). Ambient temperature: <00–15, 5–25, 25–40; Remaining pressure: 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 2.0. When gas cylinders are in use, being transported, or stored, the ambient temperature should generally not exceed 40°C; effective measures must be taken if this limit is exceeded. It must not be transported in the same vehicle as flammable and explosive materials. ?21. The storage area should be under the supervision of a designated person, and signs such as “Danger” and “No Smoking” should be installed there. No more than 5 gas cylinders may be stored on site. 22. The distance between the storage area and open flames (including sparks) must be at least 15 meters. ?23. The bottle has cracks or dents, and the spout component is damaged ； Use is prohibited when the bottle nozzle does not meet the specifications. 24. When working at heights, acetylene cylinders and oxygen cylinders must be kept 5 meters away from the work area. VII. Prevention of poisoning and suffocation injuries 1. Staying, smoking, or using a fire in gas areas is prohibited. A fire work permit is required for any work involving open flames, and a permit is necessary when working with gas. 2. When entering containers, storage tanks, vats, ponds, ditches, pits, pipelines, etc. for maintenance work, reliable safety precautions must be taken; work may only proceed after verification through inspection that everything is in order. A dedicated person shall be assigned to supervise the work site, and first-aid equipment as well as communication signals shall be prepared. When entering sewers, wells, etc. for work, it is necessary to conduct inspections and confirm that everything is in order before proceeding, and there must be a dedicated person to supervise. 3. The use of open flames for heating is prohibited in the work area during winter. 4. When passing through gas drainage devices, try to keep a distance from the facilities. In case of a gas leak, follow the instructions of on-site professionals or evacuate to the upwind side. 5. When employees work in equipment where they may be exposed to toxic gases or liquids, a supervisor must be assigned ； Gloves made of rubber and protective glasses must be worn when in direct contact with acids and bases. VIII. Protection against falls from heights 1. When working at a height of two meters or more (including two meters) or on edges such as rooftops, windows, or eaves (including tasks like hanging clocks and watches, replacing batteries, cleaning glass, and performing cleaning tasks at heights), it is necessary to wear a safety belt. For tasks where it is not possible to use a seat belt, reliable safety measures must be taken. 2. When working at heights, first check whether tools such as ladders (stepping surfaces) and safety belts are secure and in good condition. The use of tools that do not meet the specified requirements is strictly prohibited. 3. For work at heights of less than two meters, the surfaces on which one stands must be stable; fragile or easily breakable items should not be used as stepping surfaces. Anyone suffering from conditions that prohibit working at heights must not engage in such work. 4. When working at heights, a dedicated supervisor should be assigned, and if necessary, warning barriers should be set up to prevent pedestrians and vehicles from passing through. 5. When tools need to be passed during work at heights, materials should be transferred using a rope; throwing them up or down is prohibited. 6. It is strictly prohibited to work on or walk on ceilings made of fragile materials such as asbestos shingles. When working inside or on a lightweight ceiling, scaffolding planks should be laid out for use. 7. Outdoor high-altitude work is prohibited in conditions of strong winds of force 6 or above, as well as in severe weather such as heavy rain, snow, or fog. 8. When vertical cross-work is involved in work at heights, safety verification measures must be taken, with a dedicated person assigned to supervise or barriers installed. 9. When carrying out earthwork, measures to prevent slope collapse must be taken when the depth exceeds 1.5 meters. 10. The platforms and scaffolds erected must not be used beyond their load capacity. IX. Protection against vehicle injuries 1. Pedestrians must comply with the following rules: A. It is prohibited to stay in traffic lanes, bridges, tunnels, or traffic safety facilities for extended periods of time. It is prohibited to cross, climb, or jump over the highway barriers. C When traveling from the factory area to the residential area, one must not cross National Highway 307. D is not allowed to cross a lane marked with a solid center line. 2. Passengers must comply with the following rules: A Waiting for vehicles in the motor vehicle lane is prohibited. B shall not get on or off a motor vehicle from the left side of the road lane, and when opening or closing the door, shall not obstruct the passage of other vehicles and pedestrians. Persons driving motor vehicles without a license or who are under the influence of alcohol should be stopped and not allowed to ride. While the vehicle is in motion, it is not allowed to engage in casual conversation with the driver or to interfere with the driver’s operation. It is not allowed to throw items outside the vehicle. On a two-wheeled motorcycle, F is only allowed to sit in the seat behind the driver; sitting sideways or upside down is not permitted. G Take public buses or commuter shuttles, wait at the stops in order, and board or disembark in sequence once the bus has come to a complete stop. H: It is not allowed to open the doors or compartments of the vehicle while it is in motion. When a motor vehicle breaks down or is involved in an accident and needs to be stopped on the road, except in cases of emergency rescue, the passengers must leave the vehicle and the road immediately. 3. Drivers operating within the factory premises must comply with the following rules: A The driver is responsible for overseeing loading and unloading to ensure that the goods are loaded in accordance with regulations, and to prevent any spillage or loss of items during transportation. When servicing a dump truck, protective supports and shims must be used with the dump bed raised, to prevent the bed from falling and causing injury. Vehicles operating within Factory C are strictly prohibited from speeding, being too long, too wide, too tall, or too heavy; loading passengers and goods together is also not allowed. Cranes, forklifts, and hoists must not be used to transport people in violation of regulations. Motor vehicles must be parked in designated areas. D When reversing, make sure the people around are safe, and those directing the reverse operation should pay attention to their own safety. Driver E must strictly abide by relevant traffic safety regulations, noise control regulations, and the company’s traffic safety management rules when driving. Any violations should be stopped and dealt with promptly, and regular maintenance of the vehicle must be carried out to ensure it meets all safety requirements. X. Safety in the Use of Tools and Equipment 1. Foothooks and safety belts (lumbar straps) 1.1 Before using foothooks and safety belts (lumbar straps), it is necessary to check whether they are sturdy and reliable, whether there are any signs of welding defects or breaks, whether the iron rings and nail heads are damaged, and whether the straps are brittle or have any cracks. 1.2 Select and adjust the foot straps according to the specified diameter of the pole; when climbing the pole, take appropriate steps to ensure that the foot straps do not collide with each other. 1.3　Use a seat belt (lap belt) with appropriate tightness and fasten it securely; the buckle should be positioned on the front, to either side. 1.4 The diameter of the waist strap must not be less than 20 MM; it must have no joints, and a secure knot should be used when in use. 1.5 When working on poles or at heights, the safety belt (lumbar strap) must not be fastened to the pole tip, crossarm, insulator, tie rod, or other movable structures. 2. Ladders 2.1 Regular inspections and tests shall be carried out; ladders that do not meet the requirements shall not be used. 2.2 The ladder shall be able to bear the weight of the workers and the tools they carry while climbing. 2.3 The lower part of the ladder should have anti-slip rubber. 2.4 When using a straight ladder, the inclination angle should be maintained at around 60°. Someone should hold the ladder while ascending it, and that person must wear a safety helmet. The straight ladder must not be used in a horizontal position. 2.5 Two people are not allowed to work on the same ladder at the same time. 2.6 When working on a ladder, pay attention to the center of gravity of the entire body; do not move it while someone is working on it. 3. Handheld power tools and mobile electrical equipment 3.1 A dedicated person should be assigned to take care of them, carrying out regular maintenance and inspections. 3.2 Before each use, a visual inspection and an electrical inspection must be carried out, and its insulation strength must remain within acceptable limits. 3.3 Handheld power tools (excluding Category III) and mobile electromechanical equipment must be equipped with leakage protectors as required. 3.4 The wires must be rubber-insulated flexible wires; plastic-sheathed wires are prohibited. The ends of the wires must be firmly connected, with no joints in the middle. The shielded cable used must have one core dedicated to protective grounding (earth connection), with the yellow-green stranded wire being used for grounding (earth connection). 3.5 It should be used in a dry area free from corrosive gases and conductive dust; outdoor operation is not permitted during rain or snow. Appropriate safety measures must be in place for work at heights. 3.6 Relevant professional regulations must be complied with, and appropriate safety tools must be used. 4. Temporary power supply lines 4.1 An application must be submitted before installing temporary lines; construction can only proceed after approval is given. 4.2 The installation of temporary wiring must be carried out under the supervision of the responsible electrical personnel and safety officers; when setting up temporary wiring in flammable or explosive areas, safety personnel must also be present. 4.3 Temporary wiring must be installed along walls or suspended as per a fixed layout; insulated rubber wires should be used, and the wiring must be suitable for the load it is intended to power. A main switch must be provided for control, and if there are branch circuits, fuses that match the load requirements should be installed. In outdoor areas, measures must be taken to protect the wiring from rain. 4.4 Temporary circuits must be assigned to a dedicated person in charge, with full management over the entire process from installation to use and removal. 4.5 Operations on temporary lines, as well as matters related to power shutdown and restoration, shall be carried out in accordance with the regulations for fixed lines. Compiled by the Health, Safety, and Environment Assistant