Basic Knowledge of Couplets —— Li Weng’s Rhyme Guide

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Li Yu (1611–1680), originally named Xianlu, styled Tianzheng; later he changed his name to Yu, with the courtesy names Liweng and Lihong, as well as Zhefan. Li Yu’s ancestral home was Xiali Village in Lanxi, Zhejiang, and he was born in Zhigao (now Rugao, Jiangsu). Li Yu was an outstanding playwright and novelist from the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. He created a rhyming book intended for writing poetry, modeled after \"Shenglu Qimeng\", and it was thus named \"Liweng Duiyun\". Volume 1:1 – Heaven above, earth below; rain against the wind. The mainland to the vast sky. Mountain flowers to sea trees, the red sun to the azure sky. Thunder rumbles, and the mist is thick. The sun is now at the zenith. The wind is strong in autumn, the moon is bright; after the rain, the sunset skies are red. The stars Altair and Vega are on either side of the Milky Way, while Cassiopeia and Vega lie in the east and west respectively. In October by the border, the biting frost startles the soldiers on guard ； On the rivers in the three winters, the deep northern snow chills the fisherman. According to the ‘Zuo Zhuan • Year 1 of Zhao’, it is said that Gaoxin had two sons: the elder was Ebo, and the younger was Shichen. Brothers are at odds, constantly seeking conflict. The emperor moved his court to Shangqiu; Chen was in charge ； It sinks in Great Xia; it controls the elements, ensuring they never meet. Dou: The Big Dipper. Soldiers guarding the borders: troops who defend the frontier areas. River against Han, green against red. Rain Lord to Thunder God. The smoking pavilion faces the snow cave; the moon palace faces the heavenly palace. Clouds gather, the sun is dim. Cured wooden clogs by the fishing hut. Days pass like arrows, and the moon shines like a bow. Travelers on the post road encounter the plum rain, while those in the ponds and pavilions enjoy the breeze carried by the lotus flowers. In front of Maodian Village, the bright moon shines over the woods as chickens sing ； On Banqiao Road, green frost locks the path, hindering horse movement. Sui sui: A condition where thick clouds cover the sun. Dongxu: The state of day just beginning to break, when it is still not fully light. Wax clogs: During the Jin dynasty, Ruan Fu enjoyed using wax clogs, and Xie Lingyun also used them when climbing mountains. Lotus breeze: The cool wind that blows when lotus flowers bloom in summer. Poem by Yuan Wangyun: “A man stands amidst the lotus flowers in the breeze.” Mountains face the sea; Hua faces Song. The Four Great Mountains correspond to the Three Dukes. Palace flowers against forbidden willows, frontier geese against river dragons. Hall of Cooling the Heat, Palace of the Bright Moon. Picking greens, responding with red. Zhuangzi dreamed he turned into a butterfly; Lü Wang saw an oarless bear as a sign. Close the north window to stop the wind and put away the summer fan; open the south curtain to let the sun in and avoid being overly cautious in winter. Cranes dance above the tower, while the jade flute plays melodies that seem to disturb the moon of the fairies ； On the Fengxiang Terrace, the purple flute silences the beauty’s charm. San Gong: a name of a star. The Book of Jin, Treatise on Astronomy, Volume I: “The Three Dukes, located among the three stars in the north, are known as the Nine Ministers who sit within and are in charge of handling all matters.” ”Hall of Cooling the Heat: During the Three Kingdoms period, the state of Wu had a palace for avoiding the heat, so that there was no heat in the summer. Zhao Fei Xiong: At the end of the Shang dynasty, Lü Wang was fishing by the Wei River. When King Wen of Zhou was about to go on a hunt, he consulted the oracles: \"It is neither a dragon nor a chī, neither a tiger nor a bear; yet it will become an assistant to a great ruler.\" ”He met Lü Wang in Weiyang. 2. Winter in the morning corresponds to noon, summer corresponds to winter. Pay the wages at high noon. Youth is to daytime as ancient cypresses are to dark pines. Anglers, old men with hoes. Crane to divine dragon. The phoenix crown shines with pearls, and the dragon belt is exquisitely carved from jade. Only those who pass the three-level imperial examinations can own a thousand hectares of land; those in the highest ranks in the court receive annual salaries of ten thousand bushels of grain. Amidst the Calyx Pavilions, immortal plums entwine their roots, regulating the nation’s fate ； By the Agarwood Pavilion, graceful poplars sway in the breeze. Payday: afternoon. Gao Chong: In the evening. \"Huainanzi • Astronomy\": \"When the sun reaches Yuanyu, it is called high pounding\" ； As for Lianshi, it is called lower pounding. ”Note: “Gao chong… refers to the time when people use mortars to grind grain.” ”Triple First Place: In the feudal imperial examination system, achieving first place in all three stages – the provincial exams, the metropolitan exams, and the final imperial exam – was referred to as achieving triple first place; these titles were jieyuan, huiyuan, and zhuangyuan respectively. First-rank official in the imperial court: In ancient times, the prime minister held a first-rank official position. 　Flower Calyx Tower: Emperor Tang Minghuang built the Flower Calyx Tower in Xingqing Palace, where the five brothers gathered to enjoy themselves there. Xian Li: Refers to the poet Li Bai, known as the exiled immortal. Agarwood Pavilion: located within Xingqing Palace. Emperor Tang Minghuang once ordered Li Bai to compose three poems, the \"Qingping Diao\", to praise the peonies here. Jiao Yang: namely Yang Yuhuan, Consort Yang. Emperor Tang Minghuang doted on her, which led to the An Lushan Rebellion. “This is what is meant by “side wind”. Clear corresponds to light, thin corresponds to thick. Evening drums against morning bells. Camellia against stone chrysanthemum; misty locks against clouded seals. Golden lotus, jade hibiscus. Lüqi against Qingfeng. Morning soup follows the night’s alcohol, while evening meals follow the morning’s meal. In Tangku, money can turn into butterflies; in Yanjin, a sword can turn into a dragon. Rumors spread through Wu Gorge; the Goddess Temple, a place of absurd tales of clouds and rain ； Gazing at Mount Tai in the distance, descendants gather around Grandfather Peak. Complex to simple, stacked to repeated. Laziness in the will leads to laziness in the heart. The immortal sage corresponds to the Buddhist companion, while the model of conduct corresponds to the Confucian master. Flowers are bright, and the grass is lush. Wave Butterfly against Mad Bee. Several stalks of noble bamboo, five pine trees of the scholar. The High Emperor destroyed the Xiang clan with the help of three heroes; Emperor Yu succeeded Yao by eliminating the four evildoers. Beautiful ladies in the inner palace; the scenery around is filled with endless sorrow ； A passerby at the border, filled with endless sorrow over tobacco. Guojun Bamboo: The ancients said that bamboo possesses the virtues of a gentleman, with strong stems, an open heart. Prince Yuan of the Jin dynasty loved to plant it, saying, “How can I go a single day without this gentleman!” ”Doctor Song: When Qin Shi Huang climbed Mount Tai and took shelter from the rain under a pine tree, he conferred the title of Grand Master on that pine tree. The Three Heroes: referring to Xiao He, Han Xin, and Zhang Liang. The Four Fiends refer to Gonggong, Huandou, Sanmiao, and Gun. Execute, put to death. 3. Jiang Qi’s antithesis applies only to pairs. The sea to the Yangtze River. Golden plates against jade cups, precious candles against silver lamps. Red lacquered railings, green gauze windows. Dance tunes match the singing styles. Xing Han promoted Ma Wu; advising Xia, he highlighted Long Pang. Four times, the kings of various nations submitted; three times, mighty fortresses were built, and all enemies surrendered. Stepping onto the stage with grace, the elegant fairy Qin Nongyu ； Slaying snakes along the way – the heroic emperor of Han, Liu Bang. Appearance corresponds to looks, and likeness corresponds to bulk. Stepping sedan chair against simple pole. Stop writing; the pen is put down, and laziness settles in the heart. Lights flicker, the moon shines bright. Reining in the reins facing the flying hull. Horses gallop along the willow-lined path, while dogs bark in the flower-filled courtyard. A slight intoxication colors her cheeks like fine jade; fragrant dust adorns her twin lotus-like cheeks. The poem depicts red maples; the Korean maiden’s melancholic thoughts flow like the river water ； Tear bombs grieve the bamboo; the Queen of Shun’s sorrow lingers by the Xiang River. 4. Branches against stones, trunks against branches. Blowing bamboo against plucking silk. The pavilion by the hill faces the waterside pavilion; parrots face cormorants. Five-color pen, Ten Fragrances poem. Ink splashed onto the wine cup. Amazing paintings by Han Gan, magnificent poems by Li Ling. In several flower-lined streets, new splendor has emerged; on some paths, the fragrance is like delicate rouge. Waves of war flames everywhere; soldiers fight to defend the fortresses ； A heavy rain of spring showers – farmers take advantage of the time outside the village. Pickled vegetables contrast with fermented meats; odes contrast with poems. Dot paint to outline the rouge. Jade hairpins paired with pearl shoes, swordsmen paired with musicians. Sell wine to raise funds, buy land with the money. National beauty against celestial grace. The evening glow is as splendid as brocade, and the spring rain is as fine as silk. Willows entwine the long embankments with thousands of trees; flowers adorn the temple in the fields with two or three branches. Purple canopies and yellow flags: celestial omens foretell the land to the east of the Yangtze River ； Blue robe and white horse; the nursery rhyme belongs to the children of Shouyang. Proverbs correspond to praises, and pots correspond to cups. Fireflies and silk. Light skirts against long sleeves, sacred herbs against reishi mushrooms. Tears streaming down, poems that break the heart. The tongue corresponds to the waist. Bear and tiger generals in the clouds, phoenixes in the sky. For a thousand years, oranges and pomelos have grown in the Temple of Yu; on Yao’s steps, thatch roofs cover the ground. Xiang bamboo emits a hint of smoke; beneath it, a light gauze wraps around the tortoiseshell ； After the rain, the begonia’s cheeks are wet with tears that stain its rouge. The strategy of shedding tears: In Jia Yi’s “Memorial on State Affairs” from the Western Han Dynasty, it is said: “I privately consider that there are situations that warrant bitter crying, those that warrant shedding tears, and those that warrant deep sighs—six in total.” ”Yunzhong: In the northern region during the Han Dynasty, there was the Yunzhong Commandery. Hanging tangerines and pomelos: In Du Fu’s poem \"Temple of Yu\" from the Tang Dynasty, it reads: \"In the desolate courtyard, tangerines and pomelos hang; on the ancient houses, dragons and snakes are painted.\" ”Thatched hut: Stairs made of earth, and a roof covered with thatch. From ‘Han Feizi • Five Pests’: “When Yao ruled the world, he did not trim the thatch on the huts, nor cut the rafters.” ” Strive to yield, reflect with care. Wild kudzu against gardenia. Ethereal grace complements spiritual essence; natural birth complements human effort. Zhan Zhu’s sword, Bo Lang’s mace. Latitude and longitude correspond to the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches. He holds a high status as the ruler of all people and things; his virtue makes him a great teacher to emperors. It’s fine to let others go far; with a busy heart, one can only watch the horse move slowly. In idle moments in my luxurious abode, I compose a poem to request that it be inscribed on the pillars of Maoling Tomb ； Once the jade tower is built, I recall Shi Changgu’s poem about carrying a sack. 5. The humble wise face the sage; they distinguish right from wrong. Jue Ao understands Shen Wei. Fish-shaped characters for wild geese in flight; thatched cottage against a wooden door. The rooster crows at dawn, and the pheasant flies in the morning. Red wither against green thrive. Raise a cup to invite the moon to drink, ride back through the flowers. Huang Gai secured victory at Chibi, while Chen Ping averted danger at Baideng. Taibai Study Hall, where waterfalls plunge three thousand feet to the ground ； In Kongming’s temple, ancient cypresses reach the sky, with a circumference of forty cubits. Go corresponds to jia, and wuo corresponds to wei. Vast against towering. Yan Tan pairs with Shao Pu, Jing Ju pairs with Yi Wei. Zhan Hongjian, Cai Fengfei. Tiger List against Dragon Flag. Beautiful thoughts in the heart, words of wisdom spoken aloud. A magnanimous and generous heart, like that of a great emperor; the authority of a mighty ruler, even in silence. Eliminate the old to promote the new; when the cunning rabbit is exhausted, it dies ； When Wu refused Wei’s advances, the Pi Xiu troops took position while the Hidden Dragon returned. Yan Tan: Yanling Lai on the Fu Chun River in Zhejiang, the place where the hermit Yan Ziling fished during the Han Dynasty. Shao Pu: Shao Ping, the Marquis of Dongling during the Qin Dynasty, abandoned his official position to grow melons, and these melons came to be known as Dongling melons. Jingju: Tao Qian picked chrysanthemums beneath the eastern fence; he was posthumously given the title “Jingjie”. Yi Wei: At the end of the Shang Dynasty, Bo Yi and Shu Qi refused to eat the grain produced by the Zhou dynasty, so they retreated to Mount Shouyang where they lived on wild vegetables. Gao Huang: refers to Liu Bang, the Emperor Gaozu of Han. **Death: According to the \"Biographies of the Marquises of Huaiyin\" in the \"Records of the Grand Historian,\" when Emperor Gaozu of Han captured Han Xin, Xin said, \"When a sly rabbit dies, it is **cooked.\" ” Decline opposes prosperity; density opposes scarcity. Ritual robes to court garments. The chicken-window faces the Wild Goose Pagoda; the autumn examinations face the spring exams. Wuyi Lane, Yanzi Ji. A long separation followed by a first return. Her beauty is truly exquisite, and her sacred virtues are truly radiant. The Golden Mother comes from the Peach Blossom Palace; the Jade Consort arrives from the world of red lychees. The Tyrant’s Camp: The Loyal Advisor’s Unyielding Courage ； Chang’an Wine Market: The exiled poet exchanges his wild enthusiasm for a silver turtle. 6. Fish pairs with rice, willows pair with elms. Short sleeves against long skirts. Rooster comb to phoenix tail, peony to lotus. Zhou Youruo, like Han Xiangru. Juyu faces Kuanglu. The Moonlit Mountain Temple is far away; the wind is gentle and the waterside pavilion is empty. A brave man carries a three-foot sword at his waist, while a true man has knowledge equal to that in five carts. Soft shadows and subtle scents as the plum blossoms on Hejing’s Solitary Mountain bloom ； On a mild, overcast day, the willow branches at Tao Yuanming’s former home sway gently. Fuchu: Another name for the lotus flower. Zhou Youruo: A man from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and a disciple of Confucius. Youruo resembled Confucius, and for a time he was regarded as his teacher. Hejing: Song Linbu (styled Hejing) planted plum trees on Gushan Island by West Lake in Hangzhou. His famous verses about plum blossoms read: “Sparse shadows stretch across the shallow water; a faint fragrance drifts in the moonlit dusk.” ” I to you, you to me. Elective courses are for promotion and demotion. Book chest to medicine cabinet, plow to hoe. Though simple, he is not foolish. The valve guards the threshold of Yán Lú. Princes of thousand chariots, noble women in fragrant carriages. Piercing the clouds to gather herbs, I hear the songs of fairies; trudging through snow to seek plum blossoms, I ride a slow donkey. The Jade Rabbit and the Golden Crow – these two elemental spirits represent the sun and the moon ； The Luo Turtle Hippo: the theory of the five elements and their interactions is described in books. Tilted opposes straight, dense opposes sparse. Sacs oppose bracts. Luofu faces Hujiao; winding waters face twisted mountains. Ride the crane, await the phoenix chariot. Jiéní spoke to Chángjǔ. Bian Zhuangzi fought the tiger; Feng Jieyu faced the bear. In Nanyang, the noble poets composed odes to Liangfu; in western Sichuan, talented scholars wrote works about Zixu. The beauty of the three paths; white stones and yellow flowers to adorn one’s staff and shoes ； The scenic views of the five lakes, with green mountains and clear waters, can be seen among those who fish and hunt. 7. Yu Hong’s dialogue: paired and unpaired. Cuckoo to the kettle. Hairy cones against feathered fans, the heavenly gates against the imperial capital. Thank Butterfly, Zheng Partridge. Jumping into the sea leads back to the lake. Flowers are nourished by spring rain, while slender bamboos sway in the evening breeze. Millet porridge was first created in the Han dynasty, while water shield soup and perch dishes originated in Wu. The zither plays softly; by the moonlight, one goes to listen to it in the willow trees ； The wine sign hangs at an angle; let’s go buy wine together in the apricot-flowered village. Luo to Qi, Ming to Shu. Cypress shows signs of pine dieback. Zhongyuan corresponds to Shisi; returning a jade disc corresponds to returning a pearl. Yunmeng Lake, Dongting Lake. Jade candles opposite ice pots. Black cap with rhinoceros horn band, green hairpin made of ivory. The sound of cranes echoes in the pine shade; the reflection of the blue phoenix in the mirror is not alone. The bamboo door is ajar; through the window, I wonder if anyone is there? The wooden door is tightly shut; even with a parked car, no guests arrive. Master to servant, maid to slave. Treasure duck to golden duck. Ascending the hall corresponds to entering a room; playing the se corresponds to throwing arrows at a target. Align the jade discs, praise the stringed pearls. Lifting the urn to face the tavern keeper. The rising sun is high in the sky; in the distance, lone white clouds are visible. Xinxiang the secretary spies at Eryou; his reputation spreads throughout the three regions of Wu. Three cups as a farewell gift; in old age, I often drink wine beneath the flowers ； Five mu of barren land; I return, alone, with a hoe in the moonlight. Conjunction of celestial bodies: refers to the alignment of the sun, moon, and five planets. Later, it was used to convey the meaning of bringing together the essence. Xin Xiang: Liu Xiang and Liu Xin of the Western Han Dynasty, father and son, studied on Eryou Mountain. Ji Yun: Lu Ji and Lu Yun of the Jin dynasty were brothers renowned throughout the Three Wu regions. You to your father, Wei to Wu. Beiyue faces West Lake. Vegetables complement meals, while asparagus goes well with calamus. Plum blossom numbers, bamboo leaf talismans. The court responded with shouts. Ban Gu’s Odes on the Two Capitals, Zhuge Liang’s Diagrams of the Eight Formations. Tian Qing’s Bauhinia blooms beneath the hall; Wang Pou’s cypress withers in front of his grave. As an officer sent beyond the borders, he returned to the Han dynasty when the ram had begun to nurse its young ； The prince of Qin, with horns on his horse, returned to the capital of Yan. Plum Blossom Count: An ancient divination method. It is said to have been written by Shao Yong during the Song Dynasty. Associate human affairs to determine good or bad fortune. Bamboo Leaf Talisman: also known as Bamboo Messenger Talisman. During the Han Dynasty, official seals were issued to the governors and officials of commanderies and principalities; one was kept in the capital and the other in the commanderies and principalities. Made by engraving on five bamboo arrows. Shanhu: In ancient times, subjects would hold ceremonies to praise the emperor; they would kowtow and shout \"Long live!\" three times, an act known as Shanhu. The Eight Formations: Zhuge Liang of the Three Kingdoms created the Eight Formations Diagram. The Eight Trigrams Formation is a military formation. The Bauhinia: When Tian Zhen, Tian Qing, and Tian Guang, brothers from Hanjingzhao, wanted to divide their family estate, the Bauhinia tree in their courtyard suddenly withered. Moved by this, the Tian family decided not to divide their estate, and the tree revived once again. Qingbai: Legend has it that when King Pao of Jin wept over his father’s grave, the cypress tree there suddenly withered away. Goat’s milk: During the Western Han Dynasty, Su Wu was held captive by the Xiongnu and forced to herd goats; he was told that only if the goats produced milk could he be released. Horse horns: According to the \"Yan Danzi\", during the Warring States period, Prince Dan of Yan was held as a hostage in Qin. The king of Qin said that only when the horse developed horns could it be released. The crown prince wept bitterly, and the horse grew horns. 8. The rooster pairs with the phoenix, and the dog pairs with the chicken. Northern Sichuan to Kansai. Longevity benefits wisdom; the young and the old benefit from guidance. Issue bamboo tokens, cut paulownia tablets. Peeling dates, steaming pears. Her waist is slender like a weak willow, her hands delicate like tender buds. A cunning rabbit can hide in three burrows, while a wren relies on a single branch to perch on. Mr. Luli, holding his staff and robe to support the young master ； Yu Ling Zhongzi relied on his wise wife to make woven shoes. Chirping answers barking, floating answers perching. The warblers' songs reply to the orioles' chirps. Coral to agate, amber to glass. Jiangxian is old, Bozhou has plows. Measuring ladle against burning rhinoceros horn. Elm and locust provide shade; peach and plum trees create their own paths. Ximen Bao used witchcraft to save his daughter; Bai Li Xi met his wife by renting a washing place. The gates and walls of Qufu may seem humble, yet the layout of its narrow alleys is by no means shabby ； The foundations of the Sui embankment; even all traces of the Misty Tower have been lost. The more against Zhao, the more aligned Chu becomes. Willow banks face Peach Brook. Screened windows face the embroidered rooms; painted pavilions face the fragrant boudoirs. Mend the moon axe, ascend the heavenly ladder. Grasshoppers to rainbows. One indulges in pleasure amidst the spring gardens; one excels at flattery while laboring in summer fields. Li Guang was not rewarded for shooting tigers in vain; Wei Ming was able to be established as a guardian of the antelopes. Ride at a slow pace; the achievements at Xiliu deserve the king’s respect ； Hearing the sound, she lay down slightly; near Jing, her fame silenced the child’s cries. Xiangzi showed signs of being a celestial being from a young age; he left home and did not return for several years. When Lord Han celebrated his birthday, Xiangzi suddenly appeared and wrote a couplet on the wall that read: “Clouds cover the Qinling Mountains – where is my home? Snow blocks the Lan Pass – the horses cannot move forward.” ”Shortly after, Han Gong submitted a memorial advising against welcoming the Buddhist relics; as a result, he was demoted and sent to Chaozhou, where he indeed passed through Lang Pass. 9. Good doors face each other, while paths face the streets. Branches and leaves depend on roots. Fighting cocks against waving whips; phoenix-style hairpins against bird-of-paradise hairpins. Climb the Chu peaks, cross the Qinhuai River. The son rebelled against Fuchai. Stone cauldron with a retracted dragon head; silver zithers arranged like wild goose wings. A century of poetry and propriety brings enduring fortune; vast skies and winds fill the heart with ambition. Unable to distinguish right from wrong, alas, how sad it is for Ji Lu to die in such a state ； Not through the direct path; even in foolishness, there are lofty sticks. Waving the censer: Swinging the dust brush. People in the Jin Dynasty often held discussions while holding rattan fans. Zi Fan: A minister of the State of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period. According to the Zuo Zhuan, Chapter 22 of Xi, Duke Chong'er of Jin begged for food from some peasants; they gave him some food. The duke became angry and wanted to whip them, but Zi Fan said, “It is a gift from heaven.” ”Fuchai: The ruler of the State of Wu during the Spring and Autumn period. Ji Lu: A disciple of Confucius. The Analects of Confucius • Zilu: Confucius said, “How rustic you are, You.” ”Gao Chai: A disciple of Confucius. In the face of danger, one does not take shortcuts or hidden paths (neither using small routes nor passages), showing a lack of flexibility. The Analects of Confucius • Xianjin: Confucius said, “Chai is foolish.” ” Crown pairs with sole, socks pair with shoes. Cape to horizon. Chickens against tiger troops, six markets against three streets. Chen’s sacrificial vessels are piled up in jest. The bright contrasts with the pure white. Wise men gather in the eastern pavilion; good friends assemble in the small study. In dreams, the mountains and rivers are described in the Book of Yue Jue; by the pillow, the scenes of wind and moon are recorded in the Qi Xie. The three paths are desolate; Pengze’s noble spirit delights the Five Willows ； The splendor of the Six Dynasties: fine energies from Langya nurtured three locust trees. Diligence pairs with thrift; cleverness pairs with obedience. The waterside pavilion faces the mountain hermitage. Frozen peaches against snowy lotus roots; missed arrows against additional cards. Green sleeves in the cold, an elegant hairpin of fine wood. Generosity to humor. The wind rustles along the bamboo path; the moonlight filters through the flowery stream. The bag of fine verses is ever ready to hold them; with a hoe in hand, one indulges in deep bliss wherever one may be. Alone by rivers and seas, clouds, waves and storms disrupt the traveler’s dreams ； Thousands of miles away from home, the misty mountains and trees stir deep longing to return. Carrying a bag: See the previous annotation on Li He storing his poems in a bag. Hoe in hand: Liu Ling of the Jin Dynasty, fond of wine. He once carried a hoe with him and said, “If I die drunk, you may bury me.” ” Chili corresponds to Zi, and Hui corresponds to Kai. A lake opposite a cliff. Dance skirts against singing sleeves; jade stairways against precious stone steps. The wind slips into the sleeves; the moon fills the bosom. Tigers and rhinoceroses against wolves and jackals. Ma Rong had his tent on the hall; Yang Kan had his pavilion in the water. In the north, it’s easy to achieve academic success; on the eastern pilgrimage to Mount Tai, firewood will surely be burned as an offering. Silk ropes stretch across the spring river; flutes and pipes resound up to the blue heavens ； Under the bright lights of the night, fallen hairpins scatter across the fragrant streets. Ma Rong: During the Western Han Dynasty, Ma Rong taught students in front of his hall. Later, he set up a red gauze curtain and employed female musicians. Yang Kan: Yang Kan of the Southern Liang Dynasty was fond of extravagance. He had boats linked together to serve as his pavilion; it was equipped with all kinds of halls and gazebos, and he spent his days indulging in outings and feasts. Honggong: The name of ancient schools. Picking up weeds: Picking up weeds and grasses from the ground. The metaphor is very easy to come by. From “Book of Han • Biography of Xiahou Sheng”: “Whenever Sheng gave lectures, he would often say to his students, ‘The problem with scholars is that they fail to understand the classics.’” If one truly understands the Confucian classics, attaining high office will be as easy as picking up mustard seeds from the ground. ’”Dai Shi: Dai refers to Mount Tai. A “shi” is a place in ancient times where sacrifices were offered to Heaven, Earth, and the Five Emperors. Burning firewood: Burning wood as part of a ritual to worship heaven. The Book of Rites • Rituals for Sacrifices states: “Burn wood on the Tai Altar to offer sacrifices to Heaven and Earth.” ” 10. Ash: spring corresponds to summer, joy corresponds to sorrow. Great hands require great skills. The breeze is gentle and the moon is bright; the land is vast and the sky seems endless. Visit the beautiful gardens, get drunk in Penglai. Seven rulers against three platforms. Green dragon pot and old walking stick, white swallow jade hairpin. The fragrant breeze carries the scent for miles to the Immortal Pavilion; under the bright moon, thoughts of one’s loved one linger at the Platform of Yearning. Jade tangerine and ice peach – how did the Queen Mother descend in pursuit of the Way? ； With a lotus boat and a walking stick, the sage was originally meant to study. Morning to evening, going to coming back. Many, yet peaceful. Horse liver is unsuitable for chickens, and almond-shaped eyes pair well with peach-colored cheeks. Jiaxingshi, good spirits arise. Frosty snow against the spring thunder. View the orioles and magpies among the clouds; bask in the sunlight on the Phoenix Terrace. By the river, gentle breeze greets the fragrant grass; in the woods, a soft wind awaits the falling plum blossoms. Willows are graceful and flowers are bright; the chirping of swallows and orioles fills the air with joy ； Pines sway and cypresses dance; the cries of apes and cranes all convey sorrow. Horse liver: Horse liver has an unpleasant taste and is associated with a sense of annoyance. Useless: According to the \"Records of the Three Kingdoms • Book of Wei • Biography of Emperor Wu of Wei,\" when Cao Cao was attacking Hanzhong and preparing to withdraw, he uttered the word \"useless\" as he left. Yang Xiu said, “It’s a shame to discard chicken ribs; they have no taste if eaten. This is a signal that he wants to go back!” ”Falling plum blossoms: Han Yingshao’s “Fengsu Tong” states: “In May, there is a wind of falling plum blossoms; the people in the Jianghuai region consider it an omen wind.” Loyalty corresponds to faith, and breadth corresponds to comprehensiveness. Conjecture is equivalent to suspicion. The fragrance fades as the candle dims; the magpies rejoice while the crickets wail. Golden flower gazette, jade mirror platform. Reversing the cup to meet the goblet. An old tree spans the rock peak, with stone steps covered in moss. Snow covers the mountains where recluses lie asleep; the moon shines in the woods as beauties arrive. The willows by the embankment were all planted when Su Zi came ； The peach trees everywhere in the garden were all planted after Lord Liu left. Golden Flower Letter: In ancient times, top scholars would send home letters to share good news, which were called Golden Flower Letters. Jade Mirror Platform: During the Jin dynasty, Wen Qiao married the daughter of his aunt, offering the Jade Mirror Platform as a bride price. Gao Shi Wo: According to the \"Book of the Later Han: Biography of Yuan An,\" Yuan An stayed in bed at home during a snowstorm and did not go outside; people regarded him as a virtuous person and appointed him as a xiaolian. The Beauty Arrives: During his visit to Luofu Mountain, Sui dynasty’s Zhao Shixiong saw a beautiful woman at dusk who invited him to drink together; unbeknownst to him, he ended up falling asleep drunk. I woke up under a plum tree, with birds chirping above; the moon had set, and I was filled with melancholy. Su Zi: When Su Shi was in charge of Hangzhou, he ordered peach and willow trees to be planted along the embankments of West Lake; this area came to be known as Su Gong Di, or simply Su Di. 11. The true lotus pairs with the chrysanthemum; the phoenix pairs with the qilin. Richness mixed with poverty. The fisherman’s cottage faces the Buddha’s hut; pine canopies face the floral mats. Luo Yuessou, Ge Tianmin. National treasures are like family treasures. Grass greets the horses in the golden enclosures; flowers intoxicate those in the jade towers. Swallows in their nests call friends in early spring; geese over the borders arrive as guests in August. Throughout history, who has seen Mount Tai used as an grinding stone? ； Through time and eternity, people speak of how much dust has accumulated in the vast seas. Luo Yue: The moonlight among the rattan vines. Kong Zhi gui of the Southern Qi Dynasty, in his “Beishan Yiwen”: “The lingering fragrance of autumn osmanthus, the moonlight fading over spring vines.” ”Tang Li Bai’s poem “To Judge Wang” reads: “Where can I think of you? Under the green vines on Tiantai under the moonlight.” ”Ge Tianmin: From Jin Tao Qian’s “The Biography of Mr. Five Willows”: “Are they the people of the Wuhuai era?” Are you the people of Ge Tian? ”Ge Tianzi is said to have been an ancient imperial title. The ancients regarded it as an ideal world of nature and simplicity. Jinlei: King Wu of the Qing dynasty had a passion for horses, and he made coins into Jinlei. He once tried to cross a river on horseback and said, “Surely he will be reluctant to waste his fine saddle covers.” ”When it left, the horse then crossed the water. For sharpening: The Preface to the Table of the Years of the Meritorious Officials and Marquises under Emperor Gaozu in the Records of the Grand Historian states: “The oath regarding conferring titles reads: ‘May the Yellow River be like a belt, and Mount Tai like a tool for sharpening.’” May the nation enjoy eternal peace, and so too its descendants. ”Li, a whetstone for knives. Dust: A phrase meaning that things have changed drastically over time. Elder brother to younger brother, official to common people. Father and son correspond to sovereign and subject. Gou Ding pairs with Fu Jia, Fu Mao pairs with Tong Yin. Those who win honors, those who wear flowers in their hair. The Four Sages versus the Three Gentlemen. Wang Qiao is a bird beyond the clouds; Guo Tai is a man with a scarf in the rain. When making friends, one seeks three benefits; a man with a virtuous wife has all five proper relationships fulfilled. Promoting culture and education in the south; Emperor Wu pacified the barbarians and subdued the Baiyue tribes ； The righteous flag points west; Marquis Han aids Han to conquer three Qins. Shen corresponds to Wu, and Kan corresponds to Nan. Aconite for Yinchen. Chu Lan to Xiang Zhi, Bi Liu to Qing Yun. Flowers are fragrant, leaves are lush. Pink neck against red lips. Duke Cao is as cunning as a ghost; Emperor Yao is as wise as a god. The talented man from the south outshines the rich one from the north; the ugly woman from the east imitates the frown of one from the west. Vivid colors in the northern hall; the nickname is “Wangyou” – a name signifying deep worry ； The fragrant southern lands, whose floral name is Smile, who could it be? Cruel as a ghost: During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao was cruel and deceitful, hence he was called a cruel ghost. Nan Ruan: The Ruan family of Luoyang during the Jin dynasty – those who lived in the north were wealthy, while those who lived in the south were poor but highly talented. Forgetting Sorrow: Daylilies are also known as forgetting sorrow grass. Michelia: a flower name. 12. Sorrow corresponds to joy, and grief corresponds to happiness. The Five Classics correspond to the Three Tombs. Sutras speak of the language of immortals; summer plowing corresponds to spring cultivation. Cook early leeks, trim spring celery. Evening rain against morning clouds. Bamboo stalks meet at a slanting angle; beneath the flowers, a rosy dress in a daze. Master the seal script of the Five Sacred Mountains, with a seven-star-patterned sword hung at the waist. The golden lock remains unopened; high officials gather to listen as the palace clock ticks on endlessly ； The beaded curtains were half-drawn, as the officials gazed up at the imperial incense burner. The Five Classics and the Three Ancient Tomes: believed to be books from ancient times. Bai Jie: A name for a type of ancient felt headwrap. In the Jin Dynasty, Shan Tao wore his cap askew after getting drunk. An ancient poem says: “Lord Shan leans slightly, his white hair in disarray.” ”Wuyue Lu: A Taoist talisman. Word pairs with verse, laziness with diligence. Similarity groups together. The oriole flute paired with the phoenix flute, grasses paired with fragrant orchids. Yan and Xu in writing, Han and Liu in prose. Old talk for news. Zhou Nan is truly remarkable; the General of the Right Army in Jin is equally outstanding. The Six Kingdoms are credited to Su Zigui, while the recovery of the Two Capitals is attributed to Guo Gongxun. The records of the Han dynasty and the Chen dynasty contain earnest advice in support of Jia Yi ； In the Tang court, Liu Fen was the one who dared to offer straightforward advice. Words correspond to smiles, achievements correspond to merits. Deer and pigs against sheep. Star crown against moon fan, joined sleeves against book skirt. Talk of soup brings joy. Luo Yue to Song Yun. Blue birds as messengers by the western pond, black crows in the army at the northern frontier. Wen, Wu, Cheng, and Kang formed one era, while Wei, Wu, Shu, and Han established the Three Kingdoms division. An autumn night in Guiyuan: the bright moon and three cups of wine invite musicians ； On a summer day in the pine pavilion, a gentle breeze plays a melody for Lord Tong. 13. Yuan Bi pairs with Chang, Ji pairs with Kun. Yongxiang faces Changmen. The pavilion by the mountain faces the waterside lodge; the inn faces the military camp. Yangzidu, Xiegongdun. Dezhong respects the elders. Chengqian corresponds to Chenzhen, and Diekan corresponds to Chongkun. A loyal subject serves his lord like a dog or horse; a benevolent ruler cares for the elderly by attending to chickens and pigs. Distant horizontal sands; visitors sail by Peach-Leaf Ferry ； In the drizzle and gentle wind, who goes to Apricot Flower Village with a basket? Chengqian, Chuzhen, Diekan, Chongkun: refer to the visual characteristics of the four trigrams in the Eight Trigrams—Qian, Zhen, Kan, and Kun. Xinghuacun: From Du Mu’s poem \"Qingming\" of the Tang Dynasty: \"May I ask where I can find a tavern?\" The shepherd boy points afar to Apricot Flower Village. ”Later, Xinghuacun came to refer to the place where wine was sold. Ruler to minister, ancestor to descendant. Evening light against the dawn glow. The office building faces the fragrant palace; the island faces the mountain village. The stele weeps tears; odes call for the soul’s return. Complaining instead of being grateful. Burying gold releases its scent; planting jade allows roots to take hold. In the prime minister’s residence, pearl curtains hang down in daylight; in the border town, musical horns sound as dusk approaches. At the halfway point among the maple leaves, in autumn’s misty hues, one can lean on a staff ； Peach blossoms cover the ground; the wind and rain last night kept me from opening the door. Tear-Staining Stele: After Yang Hu of the Jin dynasty died, the people of Xiangyang erected a stele on Xian Mountain in his memory; everyone who saw it shed tears, which is why it was called the Tear-Staining Stele. Calling the Soul Back: In The Songs of Chu, there is a piece titled “Calling the Soul Back” written by Song Yu, aimed at summoning the soul of Qu Yuan back. The golden breath: The King of Qin buried gold on Zhongshan in Jinling (present-day Nanjing) to suppress the royal aura. Thus it was called Jinling. Yu Shenggen: According to the \"Search for Immortal Tales,\" Yang Boyong of the Jin dynasty drew water from a mountain peak to provide for travelers. Three years later, a person who drank that water gave him a dou of stone, saying that planting it would yield jade. Do not open the door: From Tang Liu Fangping’s poem “Spring Sorrow”: “In the desolate courtyard, dawn is approaching; pear blossoms cover the ground, yet the door remains closed.” ” 14. Cold: home as opposed to country; governance as opposed to peace. The landlord to the heavenly officials. Kan Nan to Li Nu, Zhou Gao to Yin Pan. Thirty-three is warm, ninety-nine is cold. Fabricated ammunition cases. The sound of crickets echoes against the ancient walls; in the quiet pavilion, only the shadow of a crane is seen. Swallows emerge from behind the curtain as spring is quiet; orioles hear the ticking of the clock by the pillow. Willows by the pond have drifting mist; day and night, he returns to the green gates ； After the rain, flowers are in bloom; by the bright moon, one leans on the jade railing. Zhou Gao and Yin Pan: The Book of History • Book of Zhou contains chapters such as Da Gao, Kang Gao, Jiu Gao, and Shao Gao. The Book of History • The Shang Book contains the upper, middle, and lower sections on King Pangeng. Invention: Something created out of thin air. During the Tang Dynasty, Du Ju liked to utter unfounded statements, which people referred to as fabrications. Bao Dan: During the Song Dynasty, Bao Zheng served as Censor-in-Chief; he did not shy away from confronting the powerful and influential, which is why people referred to him as Bao Dan. Xilang: Another name for the Deputy Minister of the Yellow Gate. Han Yingshao’s “Han Gong Yi” states: “The eunuchs entered at dusk, bowed in front of the Green Lattice Gate, and were called ‘Evening Eunuchs’.” ” Fat against thin, narrow against wide. Yellow dog to blue phoenix. The ring corresponds to the belt, the washing bowl to the fishing rod. Sword to punish the treacherous, crown to honor the virtuous. Painted beams face carved railings. Two pairs of white jade chopsticks, nine-fold purple gold elixir. In western Shaanxi, Tang remembers Bo Zhao; in Henan, flowers evoke memories of Pan An. In the gentle spring breeze, willow branches sway, adorned with colorful threads ； At dawn in the pond, green lotuses hold dew like pearl plates. Sword to Punish Treacherous Officials: Zhu Yun of the Han Dynasty requested an imperial sword to execute a corrupt official; the emperor asked who it was The answer is Zhang Yu. The emperor ordered him to be executed. Climb the steps of the Cloud Ascending Hall to avoid it. The Crown of Merit: From Du Fu’s poem in the Tang Dynasty: “A worthy prime minister wears a crown of merit on his head.” ”White jade chopsticks: When a Buddhist attains enlightenment, white jade-like vapor emerges from their nostrils, hanging down like two pairs of jade chopsticks. Zijin Dan: An elixir prepared by Taoists, requiring nine steps to be created, hence it is called the Nine-Transformation Golden Elixir. Shao Bo: Duke of Zhou and Shao Bo shared the governance of the realm, with the Shan River serving as the boundary; Shao Bo was in charge of the areas west of that river. Zhao Gong was known for his virtuous governance; he used to handle affairs under a magnolia tree. Later generations, remembering Zhao Bo, were unwilling to cut down that tree. Pan An: Pan An of the Jin dynasty served as the magistrate of Heyang; he planted flowers throughout the county, and it came to be known as the County of Flowers. Row against lie, listen against look. Ludong faces Yutan. A soaring dragon contrasts with a suddenly changing leopard; a crouching tiger contrasts with a coiling dragon. The wind is fierce, and the snow is heavy. Harshness leads to heartache. Yingying to Yanyan, small to big. Blue waters flow down from a thousand streams; jade-like mountains rise, with two peaks glowing in the cold light. The Most Holy is extraordinary; at the age of six, He played with ritual vessels ； Lao Lai showed great filial piety, bringing joy by performing dances in colorful robes. 15. Delete: Forests opposite harbors, ridges opposite hills. Long days in spring’s leisure. Great plans require mutual respect, and heavy responsibilities demand willingness to face difficulties. The skirt sways gently, and the ornaments jingle softly. Guarding the pass is to hold the gate. Thousands of miles in Miyun converge; a crescent moon hangs in the sky. Both Shubao and his subjects were indulgent, while Chonghua’s parents were stubborn and obstinate. Famous throughout the imperial capital; the three Su brothers from Western Shu came to the capital ； A grand journey through the capitals of Jing and Luo; the two Lu brothers from Eastern Wu rose from the clouds. Shubao: The last emperor of the Southern Chen dynasty, whose name was Shubao. Chonghua: The name of Yu Shun. The Book of Shun states: “It is said that Emperor Shun of ancient times, also known as Chonghua, worked in harmony with the emperor.” ”Stupid and stubborn. The Book of Yao states: “The father is stubborn, the mother is nagging.” Rikka: The capital city. Lin against Fang, Lin against Qian. Quell rebellion and subdue the barbarians. Loyal heart meets brave spirit; misty hair contrasts with cloud-like locks. The grave of the pen, Mount Lankē. The moon’s appearance mirrors the heavens’ face. The dragon, after hiding deep, eventually soars; the tired bird also knows when to return. Parrots of green color fly from the trees by the pond; pheasants with spotted feathers are found in the dense groves of bamboo. Autumn dew covers the river; Su Zi wanders by Red Cliff under the bright moon ； Frozen clouds obscure the mountains; Lord Han braved the snow to pass Lan Pass. Volume 2, Part 1: Cold opposes heat, and days oppose years. Kicking matches swinging. Green mountains against clear waters, light rain against misty haze. Her song is melodious, and her appearance is graceful. Snow drums against the clouded paper. Wild reeds shelter the geese in the south; sparse willows are filled with the chirping of autumn cicadas. Even when listening, I find the company of noble souls; even when bowing in submission, I am willing to accept the pity of a child. Guo Tai rows a boat amid the drizzle with plum blossoms hanging low ； Shan Tao rides on horseback, entering a world where apricot blossoms fill the sky in reverse order. Washing one’s ears: During the time of Yao, there were reclusive men living by the Ying River and Ji Mountain named Chao Fu and Xu You. Yao wanted to give the world to Xu You, but Chao Fu felt that this would contaminate his ears, so he went to the pool to wash them. The pond owner snapped, “Why do you pollute my water?” ”Bending the back: When Tao Qian was the magistrate of Pengze in the Jin dynasty, an inspector arrived. Qian said, “I will not bend my back for five dou of rice just to serve those petty locals!” ”He then resigned from his official position and wrote the \"Ode to Returning Home.\" Folded corner: folded corner cloth. See the annotation on “Guo Tai’s Raincoat” in the previous volume. Jie □( 罒 +Li): Felt scarf. See the annotation on “Bai Jie” in the previous volume. Light against heavy, fat against firm. Jade against green coins. Desolate outskirts contrast with a barren island; the sage of wine contrasts with the poet-immortal. Following Yushu, stepping on Golden Lotus. Drilling wells for farming. Du Fu stands through the quiet nights, while Bian Shao sleeps in the daylight. The drinker swallows the moon beneath the waves; the reveler is drunk in the waters and sky. In the green fields, rows of fine horses neigh with their golden bridles ； Looking at the flower-lined paths, thousands of fragrant carriages surround those adorned with jade ornaments. Desolate in the suburbs, lean on the island: Su Shi of the Song dynasty wrote in his elegy for Liu Ziyu, \"The world is frivolous and vulgar; the suburbs are desolate, and the island is lean.\" They were so named because Meng Jiao and Jia Dao’s poems are austere and rigid in style, featuring a preference for bitter expressions. Yushu: \"Shi Shuo Xin Yu·Rong Zhi\": Emperor Ming of Wei ordered his younger brother Mao Zeng to sit together with Xiahou Xuan. When time enters, it is called “reeds leaning against a jade tree”. Jin Lian: According to the \"History of the Southern Dynasties: The Wife of Donghun Hou of the Qi Dynasty,\" the Donghun Hou of the Southern Qi Dynasty had gold lotus flowers placed on the ground and ordered Lady Pan to walk on them, saying, \"With each step, lotus flowers will grow.\" ”Later, the golden lotus was used to refer to a woman’s delicate feet. Standing in the quiet night: A poem by Du Fu of the Tang dynasty: “Missing home, I walk in the moonlight through the quiet night.” ”Sleeping during the day: Bian Shao of the Eastern Han Dynasty often slept during the day. His disciples mocked him, saying, “Bian Xiaoxian, with a fat belly, is lazy about studying and loves to sleep during the day.” ” Recitation meets chanting, instruction meets transmission. Joyful contrasts with sadness. Wind Roc to Snow Goose, Dong Xing to Zhou Lian. Ninety in spring, three thousand in a year. Bells and drums complement the orchestra. Entering the mountains, one meets a prime minister; with no troubles, one becomes an immortal. The rosy light casts a soft glow on the peaches of Wuling; misty willows stretch endlessly along the embankments of the Sui Dynasty. Seven bowls of moon-shaped cakes; after sipping them, a breeze arises beneath the armpits ； Three cups of cloud-like liquid; after drinking, rosy rain stains the cheeks. Inside to outside, back to front. Under the tree, in front of the flowers. Jade pillars against golden halls; layered peaks against flat plains. Sun Zice, Zusheng’s whip. Sheng* hosts a Chinese banquet. To relieve drunkenness, one knows the power of tea; to ease sorrow, one understands the influence of wine. Silk scissors trim the lotuses in the eastern marshes; beautifully adorned ducks and geese swim in the hot springs. The imperial daughter carries stones; the souls lost at sea become the Jingwei birds ； The king of Shu was named Yue; the spirits in the branches transformed into cuckoos. 2. Flute and zither go together, axe and ladle go together. The water monster against the flower spirit. The sounds of autumn contrast with the beauty of spring; white silk contrasts with red silk. I served five dynasties and worked under three reigns. The handle of the ladle faces the bent waist. The drunkard sings to the golden stringed instrument, while the beauty plays the jade flute. The wind has ceased; fallen flowers lie untidied, uncleaned. With frost remaining, the withered leaves are wet and hard to burn. A thousand years of prosperity for the Zhou dynasty – the sage cast his fishing rod into the Wei River ； For a hundred years, the Qian dynasty ruled supreme; the king’s countless arrows confronted the forces of the river tide. The Five Dynasties period saw Feng Dao serve under the Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Liao, Later Han, and Later Zhou dynasties. 　He served three dynasties: Shen Yue served under the Southern Song, Qi, and Liang dynasties. 　Shangfu: At the beginning of the Zhou dynasty, Jiang Shang was honored as Shangfu by King Wu of Zhou. 　The Tide Shooting Up the River: Qian Liu, king of Wu and Yue, built iron pillars in the river to hold back the tides, but before they could be completed, the tides arrived. By the king’s order, tens of thousands of arrows were shot at them, and the tide indeed retreated. One sheng of earth piled up requires one sheng of money as compensation, which is why it is called Qiantang. Prosperity contrasts with decline, evening contrasts with morning. The dew faces the sky. The Shang yi corresponds to the Zhou ding, and the Yin huo corresponds to the Yu shao. Slender lips, a petite waist. The Six Proclamations against the Sanmiao. The chariots shine brightly as they head upward; the horses make a rustling sound as they move beyond the borders. The young lord sails again on his boat among the orchids, while the nobleman rides side by side through the fragrant grass. Pan Yue, of noble aspirations, once composed verses about crickets in autumn ； In a mood of inspiration, Wang Weiqing once painted bananas on a snowy night. Fan Su and Xiao Man: the names of two concubines of Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi. As the poem says: “Cherries adorn Fan Suyu’s lips, while willows frame Xiao Man’s waist.” ”The Six Zhao: During the Tang Dynasty, the ethnic minorities in the southwest of China referred to their kings as “Zhao”; at that time there were six such groups, including the Yuexi and Mengshe. That area is now in Yunnan and southwestern Sichuan. Chanting of crickets: From Pan Yue’s “Ode to Autumnal Melancholy” in the Jin dynasty: “They shine brightly on the thresholds, while crickets chirp by the windows.” ”Painting Bananas: Wang Wei of the Tang dynasty painted regardless of the season; he once painted bananas in the snow. Farming corresponds to studying, herding corresponds to chopping wood. Amber to Qiongyao. Rabbit fur plumes against crane talon oars, cinnamon-covered boats against orchid-painted rowboats. Fish-dive algae, deer-hidden bananas. The water is far, and the mountains are distant. Xiang Ling can play the se, while Ying Nu knows how to play the xiao. Frosty plum blossoms adorn the small courtyard, while the wind shakes the weak willows over the flat bridge. The moonlit window stays open all night; time passes on despite the use of red wax ； Wind curtains in the day; the carved plates remain, and the ancient seals fail to fade. Deer-hidden banana: From \"Liezi・King Mu of Zhou\": \"There was a man from Zheng who was collecting firewood; he encountered a deer and killed it. He hid the deer in the mud and covered it with bananas. Soon he forgot where he had hidden it, so he thought it was just a dream. He then told others about what had happened along the way.\" A passerby picked it up and went back to tell his family, saying, ‘The woodcutter dreamed of finding a deer, not knowing where it was; I have found it now – it truly existed only in his dream.’ ’Xiangling: the goddess of the Xiang River. \"Chu Ci: Yuan You\": \"Let the Xiang Ling play the zither, and let the Hai Ruo dance with the Feng Yi.\" ”Ying Nu: Nong Yu, a daughter of Duke Mu of Qin, who played the flute to summon the phoenixes. Duke Mu of Qin had the surname Ying. Seal script: The smoke rising from burning incense, curved like seal script characters. 3. Poems correspond to rituals, and hexagrams correspond to their lines. The swallow imitates the oriole’s song. Morning bells against evening drums, simple meals against mountain delicacies. Pheasants start to lay eggs; magpies begin to build nests. Tigers against divine mastiffs. Sparse stars hover above the water lily leaves, while the bright moon shines atop the pine trees. Since ancient times, our state has valued those of noble character; in governing today, I feel ashamed to be as inadequate as a mere measuring scoop. Guan and Bao were true friends who, in their bond, forgot themselves – friends as close as glue and lacquer ； Though there were rifts between Lin Lian and his friend, they ultimately became sworn comrades ready to die for each other. Songs to dances, laughter to mockery. Whispers to spiritual communion. The crow pairs with the pig, and otter marrow pairs with phoenix resin. Respect it for a long time; do not discard it lightly. All at once, against one’s own people. Ji Zun dons a cotton robe, while Zhang Lu wears a silk robe. When the wind blows through the flower path, guests come to visit; when the moon shines on the wooden door, a monk knocks. In the garden beneath the night rain, an uncarved prince pomegranate ； Autumn winds over the river; three layers once wrapped Du Fu’s thatched hut. Yaya against she, lin against pao. Jade chimes against golden cymbals. Bamboo groves face Meiling; rising phoenixes contrast with soaring dragons. Silk net curtains, furred brocade robes. Exposed fruit against the wind. Yangzhou sends oranges and pomelos, while Jingzhou offers reeds and rush. A broken snake buried in the ground is called Sun Shu; ants crossing over form a bridge, revealing Song Jiao. Good dreams are hard to come by; the crickets keep chirping by the steps ； Good friends have come from afar; the crowing of chickens can be heard outside the window. Chimaera silk: Legend has it that there are chimaera people in the South Sea; they live in water just like humans and never cease weaving. The silk they weave is called chimaera silk. Beast Brocade: Made by weaving together the fur of scaled leopards to create intricate patterns, it is known as Beast Brocade. Imperata cylindrica: a type of grass. Uncle Sun: Sun Shu’ao. A man from the State of Chu during the Warring States period; as a child, he saw two snakes, killed them and buried them, fearing that someone else might see them and die as a result. 　Song Jiao: Legend has it that Song Jiao saw ants drowning in the rain, saved them by crossing to their side, and later became the number one scholar. 4. Tall reeds oppose cattails, and rushes oppose mugwort. The foothills face the riverbank. Warbler’s reed against the butterfly plate, wheat waves against peach tides. Horse’s legs, phoenix’s feathers. Fame is a form of praise. Scholars peer at ancient scrolls, while literati write with rabbit-hair brushes. Ma Yuan took coix seeds on his southern expeditions, while Zhang Qian brought grapes as part of his missions to the west. Fluent in speech, with endless words flowing continuously ； The etymology takes a winding path, with endless texts flowing continuously. Plums to apricots, plums to peaches. Zhu and Pu facing the banners. The wine sage to the history of poetry, virtue and grace to divine blessings. Hang a couch, dream of three knives. My humble efforts in return for your kindness. Flowers and candles adorn the palace, while the moon shines high in the golden hall. On Gushan, I watch cranes circle beneath the clouds; on the Shu Road, I hear apes calling to the moon. Everything depends on people; with flowers and wine, one should find joy ； A hundred years as a guest; every hill and valley embodies my pride. Tai to province, Shu to Cao. Parting ways from fellow countrymen. The zither against fencing, turning back against pulling in the sails. Take the chopsticks well; hold the sword firmly. Aromatic tea paired with rich wine. A dripping spring eventually reaches the sea; a pile of earth can build a high mountain. In the stone chamber, guests are served roasted sparrows; in the painted hall, visitors are offered lambs to drink. Banished Jia Sheng, singing of the roc by the desolate Xiang River ； slandered, Qu Yuan grew emaciated by the rivers and lakes, composing The Lament. Borrowing chopsticks: In the early Han dynasty, when Zhang Liang was with Emperor Gaozu while he was eating, he *borrowed the chopsticks to draw up strategies. Drawing the sword: According to the \"Records of the Three Kingdoms: Biographies of Wei Wu,\" \"When envoys from the north came to see the King of Wei, Cao Cao held a sword and stood by his side. He then said, ‘The King of Wei may be ordinary, but the one who holds the sword is the true hero!’\" ’”“The phrase “a basket’s worth of earth”: From The Book of History, “Lü Ao”: “Build a mountain nine ren high, yet fail due to a lack of one basket’s worth of earth.” ”Kui, a bamboo basket used for carrying soil. Sencha: a name for tea. Lamb: a name for a type of liquor. \"The Vermilion Pearl of Things\": \"Lamb wine is produced in Fenzhou; it has a white, translucent color and a rich flavor.\" ”The Peng Bird: Jia Yi of the Western Han Dynasty wrote the “Ode to the Peng Bird”. 5. Song: The small against the great, the few against the many. Upright trunk against a flat crown. Bees serve as messengers for butterflies; rain caps match smoke-coated coats. Eyebrows lightly shaded, cheeks slightly rosy. Graceful dance paired with melodious song. Light garments are made of summer silk, thin sleeves from spring silk. Li Jing combined the roles of general and governor in Xing Tang; Xiao He in the Han dynasty combined those of conqueror and administrator. The moon embodies yin essence; how could Yi’s wife ever steal the medicine? ； Stars serve as shelters for the night, while waves carry the weaver girl’s shuttle far and wide. Li Jing: A meritorious general in the early Tang dynasty; he pacified the Shuofang region three times and held positions both as a general and a minister. Overuse of terms related to power: Terms denoting imperial ambition and royal authority are used interchangeably. Confucianism holds that those who use force under the guise of benevolence are tyrants, while those who govern with virtue and kindness are kings. Kindness corresponds to goodness, while cruelty corresponds to harshness. Ethereal against playful. Tall willows against slender willows, tender buds against cold reeds. Horse that chases the wind, spear that seizes the sun. Jade liquid against golden waves. The imperial edict is borne by a red phoenix; the Yellow Court is replaced by a white goose. In the riverside town, plum blossoms inspire melodies; by the wild ferry, bamboo becomes the source of songs. Snow flutters outside the door; mistaking it for willow catkins drifting in the air ； The sound of the waterfall by the rock makes one mistake in thinking that it is the Milky Way falling from the sky. Pine to bamboo, water caltrop to lotus. Briar to wisteria. Clouds climb step by step with the moon; woodcutters’ songs accompany fishermen’s chants. Pheasants in ascending tripods, geese listening to the scriptures. Beihai to Dongpo. Wu Lang mourns the ruined house; Shao Zi rejoices in his nest. All fine metals in Lishui need to be smelted, and all beautiful jades from Kunshan must be polished. After the rain in the imperial city, the glazed tiles shine with brilliance ； The wind blows through the Imperial Garden, and the fragrance of lotuses and water lilies spreads across the waves of the Taiye Lake. Shengding: During the Shang Dynasty, there were pheasants that would crow when placed on the sacrificial tripods in the temples. Listening to the Scriptures: It is said that the monk Zhiwei raised geese, and they could listen to the scriptures and teachings. Beihai: Han Kong Rong served as the governor of Beihai, and was thus known as Kong Beihai. Desolate Ruins: Wu Rong of the Tang dynasty wrote a poem titled “Desolate Ruins”: “The wind blows the green tiles, and the rain destroys the walls; yet there are neighbors who lock their doors.” ”Le Xing Wo: Song Shao Yong named his residence An Le Wo. 　 Cage to railing, nest to den. Passing the exam means achieving success in the examinations. Clarity like ice, smoothness like jade; favorable location paired with harmonious people. Han Qinhu, riding a goose. The green maiden to the pure beauty. Shattered is Zhu Ci’s memorial tablet; broken are Xie Kun’s teeth from the flogging. Too few cups to keep guests, yet no need for many moving verses. Green fields shrouded in mist; only the sound of two shepherd’s flutes can be heard in front of the village ； Snow covers the Cang River; all that can be seen is a fisherman in a raincoat on the bank. Pure as ice and smooth as jade: The Book of Jin, Biography of Wei Jie states: “Wei Jie’s father-in-law, Le Guang, was highly respected throughout the country. People said, ‘The mother-in-law is pure as ice, while the son-in-law is smooth as jade.’” ’”It symbolizes noble character. Han Qinhu: A great general of the Sui Dynasty who achieved numerous military successes. Rong Jia E: A high-ranking official of Duke Zhao of Lu during the Spring and Autumn period. Qingnü: The frost goddess in mythology. Suee: The name of the goddess in the moon, Chang’e. The moonlight is white, which is why it is also called Su E. From Tang dynasty poet Li Shangyin’s poem “Frosty Moon”: “Both the Green Maiden and the Moon Goddess can endure the cold; they compete in beauty amidst the moonlight and frost.” ”　Zhu Ci: A minister of the Tang Dynasty who attempted to steal the throne; his head was smashed by Duan Xiushi with a writing tablet. Xie Kun Suo: According to the \"Book of Jin: Biography of Xie Kun,\" \"There was a beautiful girl from the neighboring Gao family. Xie Kun tried to flirt with her, and she threw a shuttle at him, breaking two of his teeth.\" ” 6. Clarity removes turbidity; beauty corresponds to excellence. Stinginess versus boastfulness. Flower whiskers opposite willow eyes, roof corners opposite eave teeth. Shihe Residence, Bowang Chacha. Autumn’s fruits for spring’s blossoms. The dry furnace cooks the white snow; the earthy cauldron refines the cinnabar. In the dead of night, I gaze at the moon over the desolate battlefield; by the frontier, I listen to the faint sounds of the military flutes. Pine winds fill the courtyard, with the sound of bells faintly coming from the monks’ quarters ； Half a moon pattern in the window, the faint reflection of tin – that is Taoism. Bowangcha: Zhang Qian of the Han Dynasty was granted the title of Marquis of Bowang. \"Jingchu Sui Shi Ji\" states: \"Emperor Wu of Han ordered Zhang Qian to go to Bactria in search of the source of the river.\" After a month of sailing on a raft, they arrived at a place where they saw city walls and government buildings. Inside one of the buildings, there was a woman weaving cloth, and they also saw a man leading an ox to drink from the river. Qian asked, ‘Where is this star?’ ’The reply was, ‘You may ask Yan Junping.’ ’Vega took the loom stone and returned swiftly. ”Only then did I realize that we had reached the stars of Cowherd and Weaver Girl. Thunder to lightning, fog to dawn glow. Ant formation against bee hive. Sending plums to express thoughts for oranges; making wine to pair with tea. Plant for male fertility, motherwort. Willows against reeds. Banzhi bids farewell to the imperial carriage; Cai Yan weeps to the Hu flute. Tens of thousands of feet of pavilions and singing halls, just two or three thatched cottages with bamboo fences. Shan rests on half the bed; in the bright moonlight, dreams take her to the lands beyond the frontier ； As the silver zither plays, those who watch the flowers fall are far away in the distance. Sending Plum Blossoms: While Fan Ye was in Chang’an during the Southern Song Dynasty, Lu Kai sent him a branch of plum blossoms from the south. The poem says: “There is nothing in the south of the river; I offer you a branch of spring as a gift.” ”Carrying oranges: Lu Ji carrying oranges, see the previous note. Yinan grass: namely daylily. Leonurus: a name used in traditional Chinese medicine. 　 Circle against gap, straight against slant. Laughter in response to sighs. Shen’s slender waist pairs with Pan’s silky hair; Meng’s bamboo shoots pair with Lu’s tea. Shrike, two-headed snake. Di Li to the immortals. Yao’s virtue spread across the land, while Shun’s goodness reached even the desert sands. Books were presented on the bridge, shoes once placed there; verses were inscribed on the wall, now hidden by curtains. The distant frontiers are far away; the winds and sands in those desolate areas are beyond measure ； Changsha stretches far away, with snowy waves and misty surges that seem boundless. Sparse against dense, simple against ornate. The righteous eagle toward the kind raven. A flock of cranes against a formation of geese, white ramie against yellow jute. Read three to four, recite eight branches. Silence to noise. Go and fishing go hand in hand; sunk plums and floating melons as well. The immortal can boil stones in a moment; the fox’s meditation seems like steaming sand over countless eons. The party leader is rough and brutish; incense fills the golden tent as fine wine is poured ； Tao’s life is serene; he sips round tea as the silver bells melt the snow. Righteous Eagle: Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty wrote a poem titled “Poem on the Righteous Eagle”. Reciting the Eight-Branch Pattern: Tang Wen Tingyun formed an eight-verse poem by using the eight-branch pattern of his hands. It shows quick wit. Cooking stones: Legend has it that immortals cooked stones to make rice. Steaming sand: The Buddhist scriptures say, “The meditation of the fox is like steaming sand; it cannot be turned into food even after a thousand eons.” ”“The four lines about “Dang Wei”: According to the ‘Shi Wen Lei Ju’, Tao Gu of the Song dynasty acquired a concubine from the family of Dang Taiwei, and once he cooked snow tea. Tao asked, \"Does the Party family have this taste?\" ”The lady said, “He only knows how to sit in a gilded tent, drink fine wine with lambs’ meat, and sing softly.” ” 7. Yangtai faces the pavilion, and the marsh faces the pond. Morning rain against the setting sun. Tourists to the hermit, Xie Nu to Qiu Niang. A three-inch tongue, nine twists of the intestine. Jade liquid against nectar. Qin Shi Huang’s gall-bladder viewing mirror, Xu Zhao’s soul-returning incense. At night, the water lilies emit a haunting cry; by day, the yellow scrolls are laid out on the bed covered with creeping vines. Yuan, Heng, Li, Zhen: heaven and earth form a single mechanism for creation and nurturing ； Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom – these are the principles established by sages throughout the ages. Red against white, green against yellow. The days grow longer. The dragon soars as the phoenix dances; the colorful ropes contrast with the sharp masts. Cloud-robed envoy, snow-clothed lady. Hometown is a foreign land. Eloquent words can move crocodiles; beautiful songs are meant to attract the beloved. On the ninth day, the peak causes hats to fall in surprise; in late spring, by the flowing waters, it’s delightful to float cups. Monks inhabit the sacred mountains; clouds surround the dense forests where ancient temples lie hidden ； A guest’s haven, where the wind carries falling leaves through the empty corridors. Cloud Robe Envoy: That is, a dragonfly. Snowy-Clothed Lady: That is, the white parrot. The migratory crocodiles: During the Tang Dynasty, crocodiles caused harm in Chaozhou; Han Yu wrote an inscription to appease them, and as a result the crocodiles left. The Hat Falling: Meng Jia served as an advisor to Huan Wen; during a banquet on the Double Ninth Festival at Longshan, the wind blew off his hat. The Flowing Cups Ceremony: On the third day of the third lunar month, renowned scholars such as Wang Xizhi of the Jin dynasty would gather by the waters of the Lan Ting Pavilion in Shanyin to pick orchids and enjoy themselves. They would use floating cups carried by the stream as a means to compose poems for entertainment, thereby warding off bad fortune; this practice was known as Xiuxi. Weakness against strength, frailty against power. Bright decorations for the new makeup. Imperial dragon against Sima, breaking bamboo against shooting through the poplar. Read Banma to know how to seek sheep. Water colors against mountain views. Immortal chess hides green oranges; a traveler’s pillow dreams of yellow millet. Pool grass enters poems because of dreams; crabapples bear sorrow for lacking fragrance. The wind stirs in the painted hall; shadows of the curtains dance over the green waterweed marshes ； The moon slants over Kanai; the sound of the pulley is heard beyond the walls of green parasol trees. A subject to his son, an emperor to his king. The sun and moon against the wind and frost. Wutai faces Zifu; snowy windows face the cloud chambers. Xiangshan Society, Zhujin Hall. The thatched house faces the rock grotto. Finely ground pepper is applied to the inner walls, while phoenix nuts are used to decorate the sorghum. A poor maiden is fortunate to enjoy the shade of the eastern wall; with a serene heart, she lies in coolness by the northern window. Exploring the pavilion in spring, the bright sun casts a greenish hue on the mirror-like surface ； Drunk in summer by the waterside pavilion, the fragrant breeze constantly penetrates through the green tubes. 8. Geng: Shape corresponds to appearance, and color corresponds to sound. Xiayi against Zhoujing. River clouds against streamside trees, jade chimes against silver zithers. As people grow old, I remain dear to you. The morning swallow to the spring oriole. Dark frost pounds the jade pestle; white dew stores the golden stems. A guest on Junshan plays the flute in autumn, while an immortal on Gouling blows the sheng at night. The imperial cause was brought to success solely because everyone said Emperor Gao of Han was skilled at using generals ； Reading books on warfare in vain – who says Zhao Kuo was good at military strategy? Deed corresponds to action, nature corresponds to emotion. The moon rises as clouds drift by. Riding on a dragon alongside a steed; the celestial garden as opposed to Penglai and Yingzhou. The brush of Spring and Autumn, the judgments of the Moon. East work for West success. The pearls of Sui shine like light, and the jades are as valuable as cities. Three archers and three brave Tang generals; a zither and a crane, reflecting Lord Zhao’s purity. The Han emperor sought talented people and issued an edict to search for old acquaintances at Yan Tan ； Old Song Tingyou, an esteemed elder of the Luo community’s distinguished figures. Darkness to dawn, gloom to light. Long rain gives way to fresh sunshine. Liaowan faces Huagang; Zhuyou faces Meixiong. The old man of Huangshi, the youth from Danqiu. The dog barks in response to the rooster’s crowing. Beyond the clouds on the hills at dusk, the new waters lie level under the moon. A gentle breeze on the half-bed suits afternoon naps; good rain after a plow helps with spring plowing. Wang Dan rose to power, causing me to delay becoming prime minister by ten years ； Liu Fen failed the exams, ashamed that so many talented men had achieved fame at an early age. Huangshisou: namely the immortal Huangshigong, whom Zhang Liang met in the early Han dynasty. Danzhousheng: An immortal. Danchiu, a mythical land of immortals where day and night are ever bright. Wang Dan: According to the \"History of the Song Dynasty: Biography of Wang Dan,\" Wang Dan held power for eighteen years; after his death, Wang Qinruo succeeded him as prime minister. Wang Qinruo said to others, “The princes delayed me by ten years from becoming prime minister.” ” 9. Qing corresponds to Geng, and Si corresponds to Ding. The imperial palace faces the red courtyard. A wife like plum blossoms to a crane chick; pearl curtains to silver screens. Mandarin ducks bathe in the marsh, herons fly over the shoals. Geese to skylarks. On earth, it’s the appearance of long-lived people; in the sky, it’s the star of the elders. In August, it’s suitable to sharpen the axe for climbing; in the three spring months, one must wear a bell to protect the flowers. The riverside pavilion faces the view, with the clear waters stretching straight to the blue sky ； Leaning against the stone railing, the beautiful mountains appear green after the rain. A wife of plums and children of cranes: Song Linbu lived in seclusion on Gushan Island by West Lake in Hangzhou; he never married and entertained himself with plums and cranes, which is why he was known as \"a wife of plums and children of cranes\". “The sentence “August”: In the past, passing the imperial examinations was seen as the key to success. The examination is usually held in August and is called the “Autumn Exams”. Flower Protection Bell: During the Ming Dynasty, the Prince of Ning loved flowers and created such bells; when bees or birds approached, he would pull the bell to scare them away. Danger leads to chaos, while peace brings tranquility. Na Bi approached the courtyard. Golden plate against jade chopsticks, floating stems against duckweed. Group Jade Garden, Pavilion of Various Flowers. The old classics versus the new ones. Riding a bull, I read history in leisure; herding pigs, I study the classics on my own. At the start of autumn, the grains in the fields are heavy; in the aftermath of spring, the cauliflower in the garden exudes a pleasant fragrance. The journey is desolate; the moon over the pass and the winds by the river are both gloomy ； Laughter fills the banquet hall, while graceful dances of the Yan and Zhao regions add to the charm. Floating stem duckweed: Tree stems and duckweeds that float on the water’s surface. It is a metaphor for being adrift with no owner. Tang Xu Yan’s poem “Farewell” reads: “When the wine is gone, I ask about a future meeting; like duckweed adrift on currents, I can bear the sorrow no longer.” ”Riding a cow: At the end of the Sui dynasty, Li Mi would ride a cow while reading the Book of Han, often hanging the book rolls on the cow’s horns. Herding pigs: In his youth, Gongsun Hong of the Han dynasty worked as a pig herder; he was diligent in his studies and often carried scriptures to read. By the age of fifty, he became prime minister. 10. Steamed apples pair with polygonum; water caltrops pair with water chestnuts. Geese hunt fish traps. Qi silk compares to Lu brocade, Shu cotton compares to Wu silk. The stars fade, and the sun rises. Nine invitations against three requests. Xiao He once served as an official, while Jia Dao was once a monk. The wise follow rules and regulations, using heavy axes and hammers to adjust the ropes. In the spring breeze by the wild rivers, people enjoy riding the tides in their wine boats ； Rain falls in the evening over the river; a traveler’s sorrow lies across the water, facing the lights of the fishermen. Nine hires: multiple appointments. Source unknown. Three Conquests: Three summonings to the court. The Book of the Later Han, Biography of Yang Lun: “Yang Lun was summoned to court on three occasions, each time because his honest admonitions were not accepted.” ” Talking in symmetry refers to being balanced. Ran Min to Yan Zeng. Hou Ying to Bo Pi, Zu Ti to Sun Deng. Throw white silk, feast on red brocade. True friends are precious companions. Striving for fame is like chasing deer; seeking profit is like pursuing flies. Aunt Renjie regretted not serving in office; Wang Ling’s mother foresaw the rise of the Han dynasty. The verse expresses sorrow and loneliness; washing flowers to pass the time, his talent was recognized by the Ministry of Works ； The verses are in disarray; the green hues evoke sorrow, as the Right Minister laments. 10. Honor corresponds to disgrace, joy corresponds to sorrow. Intimate affection and close bonds. Wu Wa to the Vietnamese woman, wild horse to the sand gull. Tea quenches thirst, while wine relieves sorrow. Rolling one’s eyes at the fool. Ma Qian compiled the Records of the Grand Historian, while Confucius wrote the Spring and Autumn Annals. The farmer in Xinye casually picks up his plow, while the fisherman by the Wei River casts his line in the evening. The dragon and horse swam in the river; Emperor Xi created the trigrams based on those images ； The sacred turtle emerged from the Luo River, and King Yu used it as a model to establish calendars. Sangtou: Soldiers who cover their heads with blue headscarves. \"Strategies of the Warring States: Strategies of Wei\" states: \"I have heard that Your Majesty’s army consists of over 200,000 soldiers and 200,000 servants.\" ”Xin Ye Gengfu: From Mencius, Wan Zhang I: “Yi Yin farmed in the fields of Youxin, and took pleasure in the ways of Yao and Shun.” ”Weibin Fisherman: refers to Jiang Shang from the late Shang Dynasty. Crown pairs with shoes, sandals pair with furs. The courtyard is small, yet the garden is serene. Facing the wall with knees to the ground; flawed wisdom versus sound strategy. A solitary peak rises, while the great river flows. Fragrant grace upon the mound. As songs rise from Huatan, melodies emerge from Liuyu. In March, the rain keeps the orioles idle while swallows are busy; in one day of autumn, the crickets fade and cicadas retreat. Zhong Zi listens to the zither; on a desolate path deep in the forest, all is quiet ； The exiled immortal seeks the moon; towering waves surge toward the shore, their waters flowing endlessly. Wrong wisdom: Han Chao Cuo was highly intelligent and regarded as a wise advisor. Good Strategies: In the early Han dynasty, Zhang Liang used chopsticks to plan state affairs. The Exiled Poet Chasing the Moon: Legend has it that Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty went to Cai Shi Ji, got drunk, stepped into the river in an attempt to catch the moon, and drowned as a result. Fish to birds, thrushes to doves. Cuiguan faces the Red Building. Seven Sages versus Three Friends, love for the sun versus sorrow for autumn. Tigers are like dogs, and ants are like bulls. The list enumerates the vassal lords. Chen sings the Song of Spring, Sui sings of a peaceful night out. In the air lies the Qilin Pavilion; underground, there’s the Parrot Isle of literature. Vast plains and wilderness; hunters’ horses gallop lightly like arrows ； In the gentle wind and light rain, the shepherd boy sits steady on the cow’s back like on a boat. 12. Intruding songs correspond to antiphonal songs; howls correspond to chants. The past speaks to the present. The mountain peak faces the water’s surface; the distant shore faces the faraway hills. Be diligent and make the most of every moment. Shigeruki to Hirabayashi. Bian He presented jade three times, while Yang Zhen recognized gold four times. The warm breeze of the Green Emperor fosters the growth of fragrant grasses; from the high walls of the White Emperor City, the sound of evening hammers echoes. Embroidered tigers and carved dragons; a talented scholar wields his colored brush by the window ； Painting phoenixes and birds, the beauty uses her golden needle behind the curtain. Ascending to gaze afar, wading to face ahead. Falling snow is like sweet rain. Deep joy with folk music; superficial acquaintance with profound talk. Shame three battles; joy seven captures. Music is for those who understand it. The large chariots move with a rumbling sound, while the four-horse chariots advance swiftly. Purple lightning and blue arcs give rise to the sword’s energy; lofty mountains and flowing waters reflect the true spirit of the zither. Qu Yuan longs for you; by the distant shore he sings to the wind, filled with sorrow by the marshes ； Wang Lang, missing a friend, sailed in a small boat through the snow to visit Shanyin. Third battle: The Records of the Grand Historian: Biographies of Lord Pingyuan and Yu Qing states: “Mao Sui said to the King of Chu, ‘Bai Qi is nothing but a lowly scoundrel!’” In the first battle, they captured Yan and Ying; in the second battle, they set Yiling on fire; in the third battle, they humiliated the king’s ancestors – yet the king shows no sense of shame! ”Seven Captures: During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang captured Meng Huo seven times, releasing him each time only to capture him again. Gu Qu: According to the \"Records of the Three Kingdoms: Biography of Zhou Yu,\" Zhou Yu of the Wu state during the Three Kingdoms period was skilled at discerning musical tones; if there were errors in a piece of music, he would surely notice them. Once he became aware of such errors, he would pay attention to them. Hence, people at that time sang: \"If there’s a mistake in the music, Lord Zhou will notice it.\" ”Wang Lang: According to \"Shi Shuo Xin Yu·Ren Dan,\" during a snowy night, Wang Ziyu of the Jin dynasty went to visit Dai Kui in Shanyin. He arrived after spending the night on the road, but he did not enter the house and returned instead. When asked why, Wang said, \"I set out out of impulse; once that impulse faded, I returned. There was no need to meet Dai.\" ” 10.3: Qin’s palace faces the palace gates, and its seating area faces the niches. Water north faces sky south. A mirage to an ant kingdom, great theories to lofty speeches. Select the Chinese wolfberry and catalpa; plant the phoebe and nanmu. Get a pair of Hun San. Eight-treasure coral pillow, double-pearl tortoise-shell hairpin. King Xiao treated his scholars with utmost sincerity, while Prime Minister Lu deceived the emperor with a false facade. Jia Dao was passionate about poetry; as he wrote the lines about knocking on doors, he imagined the scene ； Zhang Diancao the sage, with his head dipped in ink, writes in rapture. Ant Kingdom: The legend of “The Governor of Nanke” – Chunyu Fen dreams himself into an ant kingdom beneath a locust tree; the ant king takes him as a son-in-law and grants him the title of Governor of Nanke. One: “The True Meaning of Laozi, Volume II”: “Heaven attains clarity through One; Earth attains peace through One; the spirits attain spirituality through One…” Prince Xiao: In the second year of the Gengshi era, Liu Xuan sent an imperial censor with authority to appoint Guangwu as Prince Xiao. Lu Xiang: The treacherous minister of the Tang Dynasty, Lu Qi, who had a blue complexion and a sinister heart; he was known as the Blue-Faced Ghost. Ink immersion: Zhang Xu of the Tang dynasty was skilled in cursive script; when drunk, he would dip his head in ink to create wild cursive writings. They call him Zhang Dian. Hearing corresponds to seeing, understanding corresponds to mastery. Three oranges against two tangerines. The young boy to the old man, the gentle maiden to the striking man. Autumn Seven-Seven, path Three-Three. Sea color against mountain mist. The oriole sings melodiously; the tiger stares intently. The officials of Yifeng knew Master Ni, while the people of Hangu Pass recognized Lao Dan. The river returns to its pool; still water makes its own pledge – truly at rest ； When Wu served as an official, even if he drank from the Spring of Greed, what was there to be greedy about? 14. Salt: breadth counters fierceness; cold counters heat. Clarity corresponds to dignity. Cloud tops against raindrops, white hair against dragon whiskers. Uphold integrity in the court, and maintain honesty in the hall. Bao Tai to Ming Qian. Fan Li returned to the Five Lakes; Tao Qian retired to his three paths. One successful strike earns admirable praise; a hundred coins fill the divination grid, and then the curtain is drawn. Put down the cup of rough wine; let me drink it in a state of melancholy while still somewhat tipsy ； Beautiful flowers by the seat; when he smiles in realization, he picks one. Wind Platform Admonition: Wind means severity. Taiwan, Province of Taiwan. Counselor, an advisor to the ruler. Su Tang Lian: Lian refers to the corner beside the steps. Jia Yi of the Western Han Dynasty wrote in “Strategies for Maintaining Peace”: “The sovereign is like the hall, his subjects are like the steps, and the common people are like the ground.” ”A sword: During the Warring States period, Su Qin once carried a sword; he advocated for an alliance among the six states, and in the end he held the seals of the prime ministers of those six states. A hundred coins: Yan Zun of the Han dynasty, whose courtesy name was Junping, sold fortune-telling services in Chengdu; he would earn a hundred coins each day, after which he would close the door and draw the curtains to end his business for the day. Smile: When the Buddha showed the flower to everyone, only Kashyapa smiled; upon that, the Blessed One imparted the true Dharma to him. When paired, it breaks; when reduced, it increases. Indifference leads to peace. Looking back, the horizon meets the eye; at the bottom of the water, the mountain peaks are in sight. A slender waist, delicate hands. Feng Bu predicts with the luan divination. Plow the fields to grow millet; boil the sea water to turn it into salt. Zhang Gongyi, who lived through nine reigns, and Fan Zhongyan, who bestowed favors on a thousand people. The flute plays, the phoenix arrives; the maiden of Qin is destined to traverse on feathers ； Ding Chenglong has left; Xuan Chen has no way to grasp his beard. Lord Zhang: Zhang Gongyi of the Tang dynasty, who lived with nine generations of his family under one roof. Emperor Gaozong visited his residence and asked how he could achieve such things Present it with a hundred characters of \"endurance\" in official documents. Climbing the beard: Legend has it that when Emperor Xuanyuan completed the casting of the cauldron, a dragon descended and he rode it upward. His minister tried to grasp the dragon’s beard in order to ascend to heaven with it, but failed. People treat themselves with love or dislike. Manner affects appearance. Four knowledges against three languages; proper meaning against rigorous wording. Diligent snow case, study atmosphere by the eaves. Leaking arrows on the written paper. In elegant script it’s offered to the otter; in vivid style, it stands apart in the perfume box. Last night I added one more word to the poem; in early spring, swallows swept past the heavy curtains. Poetry is renowned for its history; songs of sorrow express longing for Du Fu ； At the request of a scribe, the aged Jiang Yan appeared in a dream. Three Languages: King Rong of Jin asked Ruan Zhan what the teachings of Laozi and Confucius were like He said, “There will be no similarity.” ”People of that time called them the three-language clerks. Otter Sacrifice: Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty wrote poems and essays; he often gathered books around him in an orderly arrangement, which was referred to as the Otter Sacrifice fish. Xiang Lian: Han Wo of the Tang Dynasty was skilled at writing vivid poems; his collection of poems is titled Xiang Lian Ji. It is known as the Xianglian style. One more character: Tang Seng and Qi Ji wrote a poem about plum blossoms, saying, “Last night, a few branches bloomed.” Zheng Gu changed it to “one branch in bloom,” and people at the time called him the Master of One Character. Pen cord: According to the \"History of the Southern Dynasties: Biography of Jiang Yan,\" Jiang Yan once stayed at Ye Ting. In his dream, a man who claimed to be Guo Pu said to him, \"I have had a pen with you for many years; it can now be returned to me.\" ”Yan then reached into his pocket and took out a five-colored pen, giving it to him. After that, one runs out of ideas, and people say that the person’s talent has been exhausted. 10. Five: Prune the salt-planted plants properly, and trim them as needed. The second uncle oversees the three supervisors. Courtiers to senior officials, duties to official titles. Deer are chattering, rabbits are hopping. Unseal the letter to open it. The willow warbler chirps merrily, while the swallows near the red apricots murmur softly. Half a jar of white wine brings joy to the poet, while a pillow of yellow millet helps one pass time like Lu Yan. In the scorching heat of midsummer, long days keep guests in the pavilion by the breeze ； In the bitter cold of three winters, snowflakes cover the sky as if to halt the sailing ships. Chu chu: The appearance of a herd of animals gathered together. From The Book of Songs, Minor Odes, “Auspicious Day”: “What beasts share in common is the sound of ‘mu mu chu chu’.” ”Rabbit Bubu: From The Book of Songs, Xiaoya, Qiaoyan: “The lively bubu rabbit, when it meets a dog, defends itself.” ”Note: The hare referred to here is a sly one, used as a metaphor for slanderers. Wutai pairs with Qiji, and Baishan pairs with Shanshan. Xia Huo to Shao Xian. Jianchan faces Zhenwei, while Gongluo faces Xiaohan. Book Cave, Rock of Avoiding Edicts. Transcendence leads to the extraordinary. The wise are ashamed to flatter, while the upright resent deceitful scheming. The cunning advisor of Ba Yue recommended Shao Bo, while the general of the Tang vassal state chose Chong Hun Yuan. A madman from Ye, three beats on the Jie drum shame the brocaded jacket ； The magistrate of Jiangzhou – a tune on the lute moistens his blue robe. Robe pairs with tablet, shoes pair with shirt. A single horse against a lone sail. Contemplation corresponds to carving, while incising corresponds to engraving. The stars arch in the north, while the sun sets in the west. The wine pot longs for the cauldron’s delight. Osmanthus grows by the riverbank; trees overseas are all salty. But if a sharp blade remains intact, why rush to use an empty container? The phoenix recognizes its kindred spirit; in the art of music, Hou Kui must play nine times ； The Golden Ones keep their mouths shut; even the holy St. Anthony remains silent. Sharp Blade: From Zhuangzi, “The Master of Nourishing Life”: “Pao Ding slaughtered an ox for Duke Wenhui.” ……There is ample room for ease in handling it. ”This is the origin of the two idioms, “Pao Ding butchering the ox” and “working with ease”. 　Empty letters: According to \"Shi Shuo Xin Yu·Chu Mi\", during the Jin dynasty, Yin Hao was deposed; while in Xian’an, he spent his days writing characters in the air, and the officials and people of Yangzhou, seeking justice, pursued him. Peeping is simply described as the four characters “strange and peculiar things”. 　Nine Performances: Nine pieces of music performed. The Book of Yi Ji states: “When the music of Xiao and Shao is played nine times, the phoenixes come as a sign.” ”Note: “Nine musical pieces are played to summon the phoenix.” 　Three seals: Keep quiet, see the previous note.