Key points and considerations for reviewing 3D PDMS models – what should be examined in detail? What are the common issues!
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This post was last edited by 328104062 on 2017-5-16 at 17:38. As the title suggests: Review of 3D models for newly installed equipment, PDMS models related to piping systems – what aspects need to be focused on, and what are the common issues? The possible issues that come to mind are as follows: 1. Layout planning – including the placement of equipment, steel structures, platforms, containers, flooring and drainage systems, electrical rooms, cabinet areas, rest rooms, changing rooms, outdoor operation areas, heating furnaces, etc.; as well as arrangements for evacuation (safe evacuation), doors, and stairs. Both preliminary and detailed layout plans are required. There should be no problems with this, as it involves fire safety regulations, fire inspection requirements, occupational health standards, environmental protection requirements, etc., and various specialized teams will review these plans. 2. Fire safety distances and the design of fire roads – for example, the radius of turns on main roads should be no less than 12 meters, the elevation should be no less than 4 meters, and the distance between fire hydrants should not exceed 60 meters. Plans related to the fire protection network, water supply and drainage systems, and overall layout must also be approved through specialized fire safety reviews. 3. The orientation of equipment openings – such as areas for loading and unloading, maintenance areas, lifting holes, the elevation of cranes, and lifting spaces. These aspects will be reviewed by the piping and overall layout specialists. 4. Procedures during normal and abnormal conditions, as well as the placement of sampling points for devices – such as those leading to flares or fuel gas networks. This is covered in the PID diagrams within the process engineering drawings. 5. The setup of auxiliary control panels inside the CCR; this will be reviewed by the instrumentation specialists. There are relevant regulations for all of these aspects, and while there’s no perfect solution, continuous improvement is always possible. So, as owners and people with production experience, what aspects should be checked during 3D drawing reviews, and what are the common issues?
Key points for reviewing 3D models at 30% and 60% completion: Review of the 30% complete model – the locations of all process equipment； The orientation of all buildings (only in terms of shape), such as control rooms, analysis rooms, complex buildings, gatehouses, etc ； All single pathways, paved surfaces, concrete slabs, and green areas ； Zone definition ； Maintenance area, for example, the tube bundle core extraction area ； Manholes for operating and maintaining process equipment and internal installations. 60% Model Review: Process and instrument port locations on the equipment ； Position of ladders and platforms on the equipment ； The main operation platform for valves and equipment ； Permanent cranes, hoists, and beams ； Fire protection equipment (fire hydrants, detection devices, sprinkler systems, deluge systems, etc.) ； Location of the eye washer ； Electrical equipment, such as junction boxes, transmitters, field distribution boxes, and lighting boxes ； Process and utility pipes of 3” or DN80 and above, including supports, flow meters, and main instruments ； Stress analysis requirements for pipes of 10” or DN250 and above ； Instrument and electrical cable trays in the pipe gallery and area ； Pits and ditches ；
A General Layout and Equipment Arrangement (1) Do they meet the requirements for process integration and optimization?； (2) Road/railway planning ； (3) Feasibility of lifting/maintaining large-scale equipment such as reactors, towers, and air coolers ； (4) Optimized layout of utility units and process units ； (5) Whether the layout of process units that may emit flammable gases, tank farms, buildings, vehicle/train loading and unloading areas, flares/chimneys, wastewater treatment units, air coolers, etc., meets the requirements of the wind direction with the lowest frequency throughout the year ； (6) Safety distances between various process units, tank areas, and buildings ； (7) Considerations for future modifications and expansions/interfaces ； (8) Are the fire separation distances between the main equipment and buildings within the facility meeting the requirements? ； (9) Main pipes of the inlet and outlet devices ； (10) Maintenance spaces (space for removing heat exchanger tube bundles, space for removing furnace tubes, large compressors, catalyst feeding/unloading, etc.) ； The aforementioned tasks are generally given priority consideration during the 30% model review. Based on personal experience, I would like to emphasize two points: 1. Whether the escape routes are unobstructed (there should be no barriers that prevent evacuation, and the escape paths must not lead towards the equipment); 2. Whether the number of escape routes meets the requirements (in foreign countries, platforms longer than 12 meters generally require two escape routes) ； 2. If there are elevated equipment such as air coolers, it is necessary to ensure that the positioning of the lifting equipment is adequate. B Safety and operability (1) Safety of the equipment’s channels/operations/maintenance ； (2) Do the safety evacuation routes for the equipment framework and platform meet the requirements? ； (3) Are there any obstacles in the channel space? ； (4) Are there sufficient safety distances between the remote shut-off valve and the pressure reducing valve, ensuring that it is easy for personnel to reach them in emergency situations? Can the relevant equipment be viewed from this location? ； (5) Whether the safe distance between the fire extinguishing steam distribution pipes and the equipment to be protected is sufficient ； (6) Is it easy for the production staff to operate the drain/vent valves, and is it convenient to observe the flow of fluid from this position? ； (7) Are necessary utility hose stations installed on the main operating platforms and on the vertical equipment platforms where the operating temperature is high? ； (8) Can the discharge of steam/condensate pose a threat to personnel safety? ； (9) Are the blower inlets in the control room and analysis laboratory within the device located in a safe area? C Fire protection (1) Are there convenient and safe access routes to manually operated fire protection equipment and valves? ； (2) In the event of an accident and one road is blocked, can fire trucks reach the scene easily? ； (3) Considering the relevant protected equipment, examine the locations of fixed and mobile fire-fighting facilities such as fire hydrants, fire monitors, water sprinklers, and fire extinguishers ； (4) Are the piping and nozzles of the liquefied gas tank water spray system properly arranged? ； (5) Is the rainwater valve manifold located within the safe range of the equipment it protects? ； (6) Is the emergency eye wash and shower installed near equipment for handling acids, alkalis, and other corrosive chemicals? D Pipe (1) Can the pipe height meet the clearance requirements of the passage? ； (2) All branch pipes of steam pipelines shall be led out from above the main pipe ； (3) Gas pipelines should avoid low pockets to prevent condensation; if this is unavoidable, external heating facilities should be provided ； (4) Is the emptying/complete discharge setting reasonable? ； (5) Drainage facilities should be provided at the lowest points of steam pipes ； (6) Except for the use of top-flat tees on the horizontal pipes at the pump inlet, bottom-flat tees should be used on other horizontal pipes ； (7) Is the inlet pipeline of the compressor sloped toward the liquid separation tank, and is there a drain at each low point? ； (8) Small diameter (
The 30% model review is a device positioning review, which primarily checks whether the planar and spatial arrangements are reasonable, including: l the positioning of all devices and the orientation of their openings； l Frameworks (steel and concrete) and buildings ； l Main operation channels and ladders ； l Major main pipelines or critical process pipelines ； l Device and unit orientation ； l Reserved escape route ； l Pipe bridges and main pipeline support frameworks ； l Shape of the underground cable trench for instrument electrical systems ； Lifting/core-pulling space, access for mobile cranes.
The model review process in design firms usually takes place in 3 stages: 30%, 60%, and 90%. Of course, different design firms have different requirements; generally, the first two stages of model review do not require the involvement of the client, as it is mainly a coordination meeting among the various departments within the design firm itself. Of course, the owner can also participate; all that’s needed is to pay attention to the progress. For 90% of model reviews, the owner is usually invited to attend. What the owner needs to know mainly is the current progress of the project, and any issues that require coordination on the part of the owner will also be raised during the meetings
Thank you, I exactly need information in this area.
We suffered heavy losses in terms of the rationality of the processes, broken pipelines, the layout of the steel structure, and so on