How many types are there for heating furnace soot blowers? Which soot blowing method is the best?

Currently, the soot-blowing devices installed in heating furnaces are mainly steam soot blowers and acoustic soot blowers. Steam soot blowers are traditional soot blowers and are currently the most widely used. Based on the structure and characteristics of the medium, common steam soot blowers come in two types: fixed rotary type and telescopic nozzle type, with the former further divided into manual and electric (or pneumatic) types. The fixed rotary soot blower extends into the furnace; during soot blowing, the chain can be rotated using a manual device, or an electric motor or pneumatic motor can be used to drive its rotation. Valves and transmission mechanisms are installed outside the furnace. The soot blowing pipe of the soot blower, at the point where it passes through the furnace wall, is equipped with a sealing device to prevent air from leaking into the furnace. This soot blower has a relatively simple structure, but since the soot blowing tube remains inside the furnace for an extended period, it is prone to damage; therefore, it is generally used in areas with low-temperature flue gas, such as waste heat recovery systems. The structure of a telescopic soot blower is more complex than that of a fixed rotary type; its nozzle extends into the furnace only during soot blowing and retracts on its own after that, making it less prone to damage. The spacing between telescopic soot blowers is determined based on the maximum cleaning distance in the horizontal or vertical direction from the centerline of the soot blowing pipe; it is generally set at the smaller of 1.2 m (4 ft) or the number of boiler tubes in 5 rows. Stainless steel sleeves should be installed at the sections where the telescopic soot blower passes through the refractory wall; such blowers are generally used in areas with high-temperature flue gases. Acoustic soot blowers have a maximum sound energy of around 140 dB. Due to insufficient energy, the difference between this energy and the natural frequency of the soot particles is large, which makes them unsuitable for dealing with the characteristics of soot accumulation; as a result, their soot-blowing efficiency is very poor. They are essentially unable to remove existing soot accumulation, and can only prevent its formation while in use. The gas pulse shock wave soot blower has a large spatial range and distance of soot removal, effectively overcoming the problem of the need for the steam soot blower to move in and out. Its intense shock waves and airflow impacts also result in a soot removal performance that is far superior to that of acoustic wave soot blowers. However, this technology also has certain shortcomings. Firstly, its application range in boilers is very limited; due to the risk of sucking in high-temperature flue gases after deflagration and concerns related to gas leakage, it can currently only be used in the lower sections of the tail flue where the temperature is relatively low (such as air preheaters) ； Secondly, there are certain safety hazards; since the working medium is a flammable gas, any unreasonable design or issues with production quality can lead to leaks of this flammable gas, thereby causing safety accidents in the furnace or surrounding area ； Third, the system is relatively complex, placing high demands on the control system.