[Utilities – Water Supply and Drainage Section] 20181228

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The design requirements for the alignment of water conveyance channels are (). ①When determining the route for water supply pipelines, it is necessary to integrate it with urban development plans, minimize the length of the pipelines, reduce the need for demolitions, occupy as little farmland as possible, facilitate pipeline construction and maintenance, and ensure the safety of water supply. ②When selecting a route, the best topographical and geological conditions should be chosen, and the route should preferably follow existing roads to facilitate construction and maintenance. ③Reduce intersections with railways, roads, and rivers ； Pipelines should be avoided from passing through landslides, rock strata, swamps, areas with high groundwater levels, as well as zones flooded or eroded by river water, in order to reduce costs and facilitate management. ④In long-distance water transmission, it is generally a combination of pressurized delivery and gravity flow; the location of the pressure pumping stations is determined based on factors such as topographical elevation differences, pipeline length, and the pressure tolerance of the pipes. ⑤During design, both short-term and long-term aspects should be considered, with implementation carried out in phases. a、①③⑤ b、①②④ c、①③④⑤ d、①②③④⑤ Answer: d