【Haichuan Building Review】Several situations where there are no restrictions on fire separation distances for industrial buildings

The above are the three situations in which there are no restrictions on fire separation distances. If the required fire separation distances are not met, solutions include constructing solid walls (which can be considered as firewalls, although there is a fundamental difference between solid walls and true firewalls), replacing ordinary doors and windows with fire-resistant ones, as well as using fire doors and fire curtains. Additionally, simple calculation formulas can be used to determine the fire separation distances between other industrial buildings (with the exception of Class A buildings). The formula is: S = A + L1 + L2. Here, S represents the fire separation distance between buildings; A refers to the building type, with the most stringent value being adopted (13 meters for high-rise buildings, and 12 meters for Class A buildings); L represents the fire resistance rating of each building, with values determined based on that of each individual building. For building type A, high-rise buildings have a value of 13 meters, Class A buildings have a value of 12 meters, while buildings of types B, C, D, and E have a value of 10 meters. As for the fire resistance rating L, buildings of grades 1 and 2 have a value of 0 meters, grade 3 buildings have a value of 2 meters, and grade 4 buildings have a value of 4 meters. As an example, consider a Class A factory and a Class C factory: the Class A factory has a fire resistance rating of grade 1, while the Class C factory has a rating of grade 3. In this case, the fire separation distance between the two buildings will be based on the requirements for Class A buildings, so A is set to 12 meters. For the Class A factory, L1 is 0 meters, and for the Class C factory, L2 is 2 meters. Thus, S = 12 + 0 + 2 = 14 meters

The information shared by the original poster regarding the situations where fire separation distances are not restricted, as well as the optimization strategies, is truly valuable! Here are a few points where mistakes are often made in practice: The idea of using solid walls as a substitute for firewalls, as you mentioned, cannot be adopted casually during design reviews. Buildings with different fire hazards have varying requirements regarding the fire resistance rating of firewalls; for example, firewalls in Class A warehouses need to have a fire resistance rating of 4 hours. If a regular brick-concrete solid wall does not meet this requirement, it is not acceptable. That simplified formula for calculating spacing can indeed be used for quick estimates, but it is only applicable to buildings that are not classified as Class A. It should be used merely as a reference; for official projects, it is necessary to follow strictly the provisions of the Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings. The spacing requirements for Class A factories and warehouses are already quite strict, so this formula cannot be applied directly in such cases. If fire-resistant doors and windows or rolling shutters are used to modify openings, attention must also be paid to the corresponding fire resistance ratings and installation requirements, such as the interlocking control of fire-resistant rolling shutters and the installation location of fire-resistant windows – these are all details that are prone to errors during the design review process. One final reminder: the detailed requirements for map review may vary slightly from place to place. In actual projects, it’s best to communicate with the local map review experts in advance to ensure everything is in order~

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