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In response to the needs of modern society, storage facilities for hazardous materials, flammable and explosive substances, and similar items are being expanded and upgraded further. Due to the special properties of these items, in the event of a fire or explosion, they can cause tremendous harm to society. Thunderstorm, as an unpredictable weather phenomenon in nature, poses a fatal threat to the safety of areas prone to fire and explosion. So, how can potential hazards be identified more directly and quickly in the lightning protection safety inspections of flammable and explosive areas, thereby preventing disasters caused by lightning? I. Lightning protection safety inspection for oil depots: According to the \"Code for Design of Oil Depots\" (GB50074—2002), an oil depot refers to an independent warehouse or facility, or one affiliated with a company, that is used for receiving, storing bulk and packaged forms of oil products such as crude oil, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, solvent oil, and heavy oil. 1. Metal oil storage tanks with a volume of over 50,000 cubic meters are required to have a grounding resistance of less than 5Ω, while those with a volume of less than 50,000 cubic meters need to have a grounding resistance of less than 10Ω. When the thickness of the tank top plate is greater than 4 mm, the tank body can serve as a lightning receptor. Metal storage tanks must be equipped with a ring-shaped lightning protection grounding system, with no fewer than 2 grounding points; the resistance of this lightning protection grounding system shall not exceed 10Ω, while the resistance of the grounding system for protecting against lightning-induced voltages shall not exceed 30Ω. Metal fittings of metal oil tanks, such as flame arresters, breather valves, oil measurement ports, light transmission ports, and access holes, must be equipotentially connected. 2. Non-metallic oil tanks. Non-metallic oil tanks are generally protected by separate lightning rods (nets). First of all, it should be noted that the horizontal distance between its independent lightning protection device and the protected object should be no less than 3 m. When a lightning protection mesh is used, its grid size should not exceed 6m×6m; there should be no fewer than 2 down conductors, which should be arranged evenly or symmetrically. The lightning protection grounding resistance of non-metallic materials should be less than 10Ω. Metal fittings such as flame arresters, breather valves, oil measurement ports, light transmission ports, and access holes must be equipotentially connected and must remain within the protection range of the direct lightning strike protection system. 3. Oil depot power supply system. The power, lighting, and communication cables in oil depots should be introduced underground using armored shielded cables. Overvoltage protection (surge protection) devices should be installed at the points where these cables connect to overhead lines. The voltage protectors, the cable insulation, and the insulator feet must be electrically connected and grounded, with an impulse resistance of no more than 10Ω. 4. Oil depot delivery system. The unloading platform of the oil depot should have grounding test points for protecting against induced lightning, and the oil transfer pipelines should be connected in an electrical circuit with grounding protection against induced lightning. II. Lightning protection safety inspection for automobile gas stations: According to the \"Code for Design and Construction of Automobile Gas Stations\" (GB50156—2002), an automobile gas station mainly consists of underground oil storage tanks, fueling islands, vehicle oil unloading areas, and station buildings. Lightning protection inspection for car gas stations. Steel oil tanks must be equipped with lightning protection grounding, and there should be no fewer than 2 grounding points. Gas station buildings, fueling islands, tank areas, and canopies located in areas prone to lightning strikes should be equipped with devices to protect against direct lightning strikes ； The metal components of buried oil tanks, such as the tank body, oil measurement ports, and flame arresters, shall be electrically connected and grounded, with the contact resistance of these connections not exceeding 0.03Ω ； The impulse grounding resistance of the lightning protection grounding system shall not exceed 10.00Ω ； The oil transfer pipelines at automobile gas stations should be equipped with lightning protection grounding devices, with a grounding resistance of less than 30.00Ω. III. **When conducting lightning protection inspections on warehouses that store** certain types of goods, as well as warehouses that hold chemical reagents, the following points should be taken into account: 1. Facilities to protect against direct lightning strikes and the intrusion of lightning waves must be installed around warehouses storing such goods. Around the warehouse, devices to protect against direct lightning strikes must be installed, such as lightning arresters or lightning rods, as well as overhead lightning protection systems; the cross-sectional area of their down conductors should be greater than 50 mm2. 2. The electrical wiring in the warehouse should be laid underground using armored shielded cables, and the metal outer sheath of the cables at the connection points should have grounding test points to protect against lightning induction. 3. **The grounding resistance of the product warehouse for protection against direct lightning strikes should be less than 10Ω, while the grounding resistance for protection against lightning induction and lightning wave intrusion should be less than 5Ω. 4. The distance between the grounding device of the product warehouse and the warehouse itself should be more than 3 meters. IV. Lightning protection safety inspection of gas storage tanks Gas storage tanks are devices used for regulating the supply of city gas and natural gas, as well as for storing various gases in industrial processes. 1. When the thickness of the dome cover of the gas storage tank is greater than 4 mm, the top plate of the dome cover can be used as a lightning receptor ； Conversely, a direct lightning protection device such as a lightning arrester or lightning conductor should be installed on the clock roof. Its grounding resistance against direct lightning strikes should not exceed 5Ω. 2. A grounding device should be installed at the junction of the storage tank and the gas pipeline; for pipelines buried directly in the ground, grounding test devices should be provided at both the buried and exposed ends. 3. The electrical wiring in the tank farm should preferably be laid entirely using armored shielded cables buried directly in the ground. At the points of entry, the metal outer sheath of the cables must be grounded to prevent lightning-induced surges, and appropriate overvoltage protectors should be installed. 4. The grounding system for electrical equipment and the grounding system for protection against direct lightning strikes should be separate, with the grounding resistance of electrical equipment being less than 4Ω. V. Lightning protection safety inspections for high-risk locations: According to the \"Code for Design of Lightning Protection of Buildings\" (GB50057—1994 2000), high-risk locations refer to buildings and areas where lightning or sparks generated by other means could lead to explosions or fires. High-risk locations should have separate devices for protecting against direct lightning strikes (lightning rods, lightning conductors, or overhead lightning protection systems) to safeguard the roof of the entire building as well as its protruding parts. The space below the pipes and pipe openings that emit gases, vapors, or dusts with explosion hazards should be within the protection range of lightning protection devices. The cables introduced into high-risk areas should be armored and shielded cables laid directly, and at the point of entry they should be connected to a grounding device designed to protect against lightning induction. Its impulse grounding resistance should not exceed 10Ω. An overvoltage protector should be installed at the main distribution cabinet where the power supply is introduced. When buildings in high-risk areas are taller than 30m, side lightning protection devices should be added.