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Contents of laboratory staff training: 1. Professional ethics training – to ensure that employees possess the basic knowledge of professional ethics as well as the relevant codes of conduct. 2. Job Responsibilities and Laws and Regulations: The laboratory must define the responsibilities of its staff, and training on these responsibilities must be provided before they start working, to ensure that individuals in different positions understand their own duties and tasks. 3. CMA and CNAS accreditation documents include, but are not limited to, training related to the following document: --RB/T 214 General Requirements for Inspection and Testing Organizations in the Assessment of Their Competence for Accreditation ； --CNAS-CL01 Criteria for the Accreditation of Testing and Calibration Laboratory Competence ； --CNAS-CL01-G001 Requirements for the Application of the Criteria for the Accreditation of Testing and Calibration Laboratories ； Guidelines for the Application of CNAS-CL01-A001: Criteria for the Accreditation of Testing and Calibration Laboratories in the Field of Microbial Testing ； --Instructions on the application of CNAS-CL01-A002, the Criteria for Accreditation of Testing and Calibration Laboratories, in the field of chemical testing, etc.~~~~ 4. Training on basic knowledge of inspection and testing: For positions related to inspection and testing technologies, authorized signatories, technical supervisors, sample collectors, testers, report preparers, report reviewers, and quality supervisors receive training on the following topics depending on their educational background, work experience, and job responsibilities: – Basic knowledge of metrology ； -Basic knowledge of the use and cleaning of common laboratory equipment – Basic knowledge of laboratory water, chemical reagents, and solutions ； -Basic knowledge of the preparation, calibration, and storage of standard titration solutions ； -Basic knowledge of the classification, procurement, use, and management of reference materials ； -Fundamentals of analytical methods ； -Basic Environmental Knowledge ； -Basic knowledge of sampling ； -Basics of significant figure retention and numerical rounding ； -Basic knowledge of filling out original records and issuing inspection reports ； -Basic knowledge of testing method validation ； -Basic knowledge of measurement uncertainty assessment. 5. Use and Maintenance of Instruments and Equipment 1) For positions involving the use of instruments, authorized signatories, technical supervisors, sample collectors, testers, and quality inspectors receive training on the principles of relevant instruments and equipment as well as their use and maintenance, depending on their work background and responsibilities. 2) For positions involving the use of instruments, the authorized signatories, technical supervisors, sample collectors, testers, and quality inspectors receive training on the principles of relevant instruments and equipment as well as their operation and maintenance, depending on their work background and responsibilities. 3) Field sampling and testing personnel should be proficient in the operation and daily maintenance of relevant basic sampling instruments. 4) Laboratory testing personnel should be proficient in the operation and daily maintenance of relevant basic testing instruments. 5) Personnel in other positions should understand the basic principles, scope of application, and maintenance requirements of instruments and equipment. 6) Inspection and testing application techniques: For positions related to inspection and testing, such as authorized signatories, technical supervisors, testers, and quality inspectors, training in relevant inspection and testing application techniques is provided based on their educational background, work experience, and job responsibilities. Representative and typical standards are selected to explain their scope of application, basic principles, reagent preparation, pre-treatment procedures, instrumental analysis, data processing, as well as various precautions; practical training on the entire testing process is also conducted using actual samples. 7. Configuration and maintenance of laboratory infrastructure: Technical supervisors, testers, quality inspectors, and facility managers should receive training on the configuration and maintenance of the infrastructure in environmental monitoring laboratories: — Identification and isolation of incompatible testing areas in the laboratory ； —Maintenance of laboratory water and power supply facilities ； —Maintenance of laboratory ventilation and exhaust systems ； —Maintenance of laboratory safety protection facilities