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Water content in crude oil increases transportation costs; more importantly, it poses difficulties in crude oil processing and raises the energy consumption of atmospheric and vacuum distillation units. Since the relative molecular energy of water is much lower than that of oil, its volume increases dramatically upon vaporization, leading to an increase in system pressure drop and consequently higher power consumption. Therefore, a high content of water in the oil can cause fluctuations in the operation of the equipment and result in tower flooding. Furthermore, the inorganic salts brought in with water (Call2, MgCl2) also exacerbate the corrosion of the device. Water content in light fuel oil raises its freezing point and crystallization point, which reduces the fluidity of the oil at low temperatures. This leads to the formation of ice crystals within the oil, thereby blocking filters and oil passages. In particular, water in aviation fuel and diesel can cause supply disruptions and result in serious accidents. Water in the lubricant can destroy the lubrication film, preventing proper lubrication and increasing wear on the machine components. Inorganic salts brought in by moisture also increase the corrosivity of lubricating oil, exacerbating the corrosion of machine components. When working in high-temperature environments with water-containing lubricants, the vaporization of water destroys the lubrication film. An excessive water content in the feed oil used for reforming can poison the catalyst. Excess water in the oil occupies the acidic sites on the catalyst, disrupting the balance between these acidic sites and the metal sites, which results in a decrease in the catalyst’s activity or even its deactivation, thereby affecting its service life. Therefore, moisture content is an essential quality parameter in the standards for various oils. Measuring the moisture content in oil allows for an accurate determination of the amount of oil present; by subtracting the water volume from the measured volume, it is possible to determine the actual amount of oil in the container. By measuring the moisture content in petroleum products, it is possible to determine the appropriate method for dehydration, in order to prevent various hazards: for example, when the moisture in petroleum products evaporates, it absorbs heat, which reduces its calorific value ； Water in light petroleum can deteriorate the combustion process and bring dissolved salts into the cylinders, leading to carbon buildup and increased cylinder wear ； At low temperatures, the water in the fuel freezes, blocking the fuel lines and filters and interfering with the fuel supply to the generator’s fuel system ； Water in petroleum products accelerates the oxidation and gum formation of the oil ； The presence of water in lubricating oil not only causes corrosion of engine components, but when water comes into contact with metal parts at temperatures above 100°C, it turns into steam, thereby destroying the lubricating film. Light oil products have low density and low viscosity, making it easy to separate oil from water. In contrast, heavy oil products are difficult to separate. The crude oil fed into the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit is required to have a water content of no more than 0.2%–0.5% ； The specification standards for finished oils require that gasoline and kerosene be free of water, while the water content in light diesel should not exceed trace levels ； The moisture content of heavy diesel should not exceed 0.5%–1.5% ； Various lubricating oils and fuel oils have corresponding control specifications.