Housing opening
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Is it better to make circular holes or elliptical holes in a cylindrical shell? Which stress concentration factor is larger?
Determine whether to use circular or elliptical holes based on process requirements. Generally, round holes are made.
This post was last edited by zjq1962 on 2019-7-16 08:47. The attached images should be able to clearly illustrate the issue raised by the original poster. If an elliptical or oblong hole is to be created, its major axis should be perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder (as shown in the middle diagram). In the case of an elliptical hole with a 1:2 ratio, the stress concentration factor at both the ends of the major and minor axes is 1.5. Many compressed air storage tanks use oval-shaped manholes; when installed, their long axis is perpendicular to the axis of the tank. The advantage of such manholes is their simple structure, ease of installation and removal, as well as self-sealing properties.
The major axis of the elliptical hole is parallel to the direction of the external force; therefore, an elliptical hole is preferable