Safety inspection measures for boiler pressure vessels

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Safety issues 1. Quality problems with the boiler itself: Safety issues that arise during the use of a boiler are often due to quality problems with the boiler itself. Therefore, during the operation of the boiler, it is necessary to conduct repeated inspections on its quality first. Common problems related to the quality of boilers include insufficient hardness of the supporting components and overly thin walls of the equipment. Secondly, after the boiler equipment has been in use for a long time, rusting and corrosion may occur inside it. If these conditions are severe enough, they can easily affect the safe operation of the boiler equipment. There are also some issues with the boiler equipment: for example, the connections between the various components of the boiler are not tight, which leads to air leaks. This can result in high-temperature steam being released and injuring the workers, and in severe cases, it may even cause the boiler to explode. 2. Leakage from live equipment: During operation, boiler equipment can also experience leakage problems due to lack of maintenance over time or substandard quality. The occurrence of leakage not only has a significant impact on the operation of boiler equipment but also poses serious safety hazards. Especially during thunderstorms with lightning and thunder, if lightning protection devices such as lightning rods are not installed on the roof of the boiler room, it can affect the electrically charged equipment in the boiler, creating potential safety hazards; failure to address this promptly can even threaten human life. The lighting used by staff when inspecting boiler pressure vessels is also extremely unsafe, as it can easily lead to leakage from live electrical equipment. It is also crucial to pay special attention to the fact that when checking whether live equipment is leaking electricity, the personnel performing the inspection must be extremely careful to avoid getting injured. 3. Leakage of high-temperature media: Boilers, which are types of pressure vessels, store high-temperature liquid and gaseous water. If a leakage occurs during operation, it can cause serious harm to the workers. Therefore, great care must be taken regarding leaks of high-temperature media to prevent such problems from occurring. 4. Generation of electromagnetic radiation: Electromagnetic radiation is also produced during the use of boilers. Prolonged exposure to such radiation can have a significant negative impact on human health. Boilers that have been in use for a longer period of time are more likely to generate electromagnetic radiation, so they need to be replaced regularly. However, if radiation caused by electromagnetic leakage during boiler operation can be detected in a timely manner, it is possible to reduce harm to the staff in the boiler room. Therefore, in the safety inspection of boiler equipment, the issue of electromagnetic radiation must not be overlooked. If electromagnetic radiation is detected, it is necessary to identify its source promptly and bring it under control to prevent it from spreading and endangering more people. Inspection measures: 1. Conduct safety inspections before installing boiler equipment. A series of safety inspection measures can be implemented before installing boilers and pressure vessels to ensure that no quality issues arise during their use. There are strict requirements regarding whether boilers meet the usage standards; only boilers and pressure vessels that comply with these standards can be used. During the inspection of boiler pressure vessels, the following points should be taken into account: First, it is necessary to test the boiler’s resistance to high temperatures and high pressures to determine whether it meets the standards. Second, it is important to check whether the connections between the various components are secure; any gaps that are found must be addressed immediately. Finally, the safety of the conveying pipe must be considered, requiring a thorough inspection of both its interior and exterior. Once the aforementioned inspections are completed, and if no safety issues are found, then this boiler equipment can be put into use. 2. Inspection of critical parts of boiler equipment (1). Inspection of the drum: The function of the drum is to protect the boiler equipment; at the start of operation, it protects various important components of the boiler, such as the water wall tubes, temperature reduction tubes, main steam pipes, and superheaters. When inspecting the steam drum, attention should be paid to its steam outlet. The first step is to check whether the exterior of the steam drum is intact, and the next step is to examine both sides of the drum for any signs of rust or corrosion. Finally, if the steam pipe has exceeded its service life, it should be replaced promptly. (2). Inspection of water wall tubes: High-temperature liquid water or steam flows inside the water wall tubes, and these tubes are also exposed to intense heat from the flames. Therefore, during the safety inspection of water wall tubes, inspectors must pay close attention to their own safety. When inspecting the water wall tubes, the flatness of their inner walls must be considered first; any protruding areas should be addressed promptly to prevent obstruction to the direction of the coal dust jets. Next is to check whether the inner wall is contaminated; any dirt should be removed promptly, and worn areas need to be repaired as soon as possible. (3) Temperature reduction tube inspection: For a high-temperature device like a boiler, the temperature reduction tube plays a very important role, and great care must be taken during its inspection. In the safe monitoring of boiler equipment, the inspection of temperature reduction tubes is one of the key aspects. During the inspection of these tubes, it is first necessary to check the valves at their starting and ending points to see if there is any looseness, and then to examine whether there are any damages on the inner walls of the temperature reducers. (4). Main air duct inspection: The inspection of the main air duct requires greater attention compared to the inspection of other areas. First, specialized testing tools are used to measure the hardness of the main air duct. Next, inspections are carried out on the bends in the main air duct to check for any damage. Finally, the connections between the drain pipe and the air pipe of the main air duct are checked for tightness, as well as its outer surface for any damage. It should be added that all the connections of the main air duct, as well as its outer wall, need to be carefully inspected to ensure the integrity of the main air duct. It should also be noted that if any signs of rusting or damage are detected, repairs and replacements should be carried out promptly to prevent greater hazards from arising. (5) Superheater inspection. The function of a superheater is to convert the saturated steam inside the boiler into superheated steam by heating it, while keeping the pressure constant. The first step in inspecting the superheater is to examine the interior of its outlet pipes to check for any signs of corrosion or rusting. Next comes the inspection of the pipes, which includes measuring the thickness of the pipe walls, as well as checking whether the walls of the superheater have expanded or deformed due to high temperatures. Finally, the bottom elbow of the superheater is inspected to ensure it is not corroded or damaged.