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I. Introduction to the JB 4732-1995 standard \"Steel Pressure Vessels – Standards for Analytical Design\": As the core standard in the field of analytical design for pressure vessels in China, JB 4732 has evolved over nearly 30 years; its development history reflects the transition of China’s industrial technology from relying on imported technologies to achieving independent innovation. 1. Release background in 1995: It was jointly issued by four departments, including the former Ministry of Machinery Industry and the Ministry of Chemical Industry; it was China’s first industry standard for the analysis and design of steel pressure vessels. Application range: Applies to containers with a design pressure of 0.1–100 MPa and a vacuum level of ≥0.02 MPa; it is not suitable for special applications such as nuclear containers or mobile containers. Technical features: The introduction of elastic stress analysis and plastic failure criteria allows for the use of higher design stress strengths than those specified in GB 150, but it requires stricter standards for materials and manufacturing inspections. 2. Revisions confirmed in 2005: Republished in accordance with Document No. 743 [2005] issued by the Industrial Department of the Development and Reform Commission; a reconfirmation letter was added, material symbols and data were adjusted, the format was rearranged, and errors were corrected. Industry position: It complements GB 150 and is suitable for the design of high-pressure vessels with complex structures and parameters that exceed limits. II. Introduction to the standard GB/T 4732-2024 “Pressure Vessels – Criteria for Analytical Design” 1. GB/T 4732-2024 “Pressure Vessels – Criteria for Analytical Design” consists of 6 parts: Part 1: General requirements; Part 2: Materials; Part 3: Formula-based methods; Part 4: Stress classification methods; Part 5: Elastoplastic analysis methods; Part 6: Manufacturing, inspection, and acceptance. Date of issuance: 2024-07-24; Date of implementation: 2024-07-24. Competent authority: **State Administration for Market Regulation; Responsible department: **Standardization Management Committee. The preface to the standard states that this document was proposed and is under the responsibility of the National Technical Committee for Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standardization (SAC/TC 262). 2. Technical breakthroughs: Introduction of terms such as fatigue and ratcheting failure modes to enhance intrinsically safe design ； The safety factor is adjusted; for non-alloy steel, low-alloy steel, and high-alloy steel (excluding bolt materials), the safety factor for tensile strength in the design stress strength is reduced from 2.6 to 2.4 ； Supports elastoplastic analysis within the creep temperature range (overcoming traditional creep limitations). III. Relationship between GB/T 4732-2024 and JB 4732-1995 (R2005) 1. GB/T 4732-2024 is a newly formulated standard, and it is not a revision of JB 4732-1995. 2. GB/T 4732-2024 and GB/T 150-2024 are both listed in the 15th National Standard Announcement of 2024. The announcement specifies that GB/T 150-2024 replaces GB/T 150-2011, but it does not state that GB/T 4732-2024 replaces JB 4732-1995 (R2005). 3. The regulatory bodies responsible for the two standards, GB/T 4732-2024 and JB 4732-1995 (R2005), are also different. The governing authorities for GB (**standard**) are the State Administration for Market Regulation and the **Standardization Committee**, whereas JB (formerly an abbreviation for the Ministry of Machinery) refers to industry standards, and its current governing authority is likely the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. IV. Conclusion: 1. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the current TSG 21-2016 \"Regulations on Safety Technical Inspection of Fixed Pressure Vessels\", JB 4732 \"Steel Pressure Vessels – Analysis and Design Standards\" remains the coordinating standard for these regulations. Therefore, even though GB/T 4732-2024 was issued and put into effect on July 24, 2024, it is still compliant to use JB 4732-1995 (R2005) for the stress analysis and design of pressure vessels. 2. Due to the fact that the ‘Regulations on Pressure Vessels’ have not been updated yet, GB/T 4732-2024 is not included as a harmonized standard in these regulations. However, since the new analysis and design standards fully meet the basic requirements set by the Regulations on Pressure Vessels, and in line with the principle of ‘using advanced technologies wherever possible’, designers can also apply them directly when carrying out stress analysis and design for pressure vessels. Furthermore, since GB/T 4732 is a newly established standard that replaces no existing one, no transition period is required; it comes into effect immediately upon its issuance. Since the revision process for TSG 21 has already begun, it is highly likely that the new version of TSG 21 will be implemented within two years. At that time, the new regulations will probably list GB/T 4732 as the only standard applicable for stress analysis design, and JB 4732 will likely no longer be able to be used for stress analysis design of pressure vessels. Even if it isn’t repealed, it will basically no longer be cited in the pressure vessel industry. However, before the new TSG 21 is issued, there should be no basis for banning JB 4732. 3. During the training course on the new standards for pressure vessels, instructors also mentioned this issue. It was explained that the reason why the newly established national standard for stress analysis and design of pressure vessels is numbered 4732 is that this standard number, GB/T 4732, is not already in use by any other standards, which also makes it easier for professionals to understand and apply it. GB/T4732 and JB4732 are not substitutes for each other. Currently, JB4732 is still usable. Which standard to use at this stage depends on whether the user has any requirements, as well as the designer’s own preferences.