Why must the vacuum system first pass through a cold well?
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Passing through a cold well allows the clear oil to condense and separate; without it, light oil will be carried into the downstream system, which may result in obstruction at the downstream liquid seal outlet
It condenses the materials that failed to condense in the heat exchanger within the vacuum system, thereby protecting the vacuum pump and enabling the recovery of those materials…
Protect the vacuum pump by preventing water and excessive hydrocarbons from causing fluid accumulation, which could damage the pump’s valves
The low-boiling substances (in gaseous state) that cannot be cooled by the condenser are then cooled by a cold well; generally, the refrigerant in the cold well has the same temperature as or is lower than that of the refrigerant in the condenser. The cold well possesses a certain volume, which serves to store these low-boiling substances temporarily. Protect the vacuum pump; when material enters the vacuum pump, it dissolves in the oil, blocks the passages, and corrodes the pump chamber. In the case of water ring pumps or water jet pumps, the entry of low-boiling substances into the water affects the vacuum level. Recycle low-boiling substances to reduce environmental pressure.
As the name implies, a cold trap causes the vapor phase to cool and liquefy here; it then flows through a liquid seal tube to the collection tank, and is subsequently pumped out. A cold trap primarily captures a portion of the gas phase in the system, allowing only the uncondensed gas to be pumped away by the vacuum pump. This reduces the load on the vacuum pump and thus protects it.
If the gas being pumped enters the vacuum pump without condensing, the mechanical heat generated within the vacuum pump, along with the heat from the incoming gas, can cause the liquid ring pump to reach very high temperatures. This leads to severe vaporization of the working fluid, resulting in a **decrease in vacuum level and pumping capacity**