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Taking into account the background information on crude oil corrosion agents and the classification of highly corrosive crude oils discussed earlier, the processing of such crude oils presents significant challenges on a industry-wide scale. The main difficulties lie in the following areas: controlling corrosion is tough. Under high-temperature conditions of 230–400°C, the high sulfur and acid content leads to a combined corrosion effect between naphthenic acids and sulfur, resulting in a corrosion rate that can be 3–5 times higher than that of conventional crude oils. The service life of equipment in such conditions is only 1/3 to 1/2 of that under normal conditions. Even conventional 316L stainless steel is unable to withstand prolonged erosion corrosion; therefore, higher-grade corrosion-resistant materials such as duplex stainless steel and tantalum alloys are required for critical components, which significantly increases the cost of equipment. The process control requirements are stringent; prior to processing, it is necessary to accurately mix and blend the crude oils, ensuring that the acid value and sulfur content of the mixed materials remain within safe limits. Additionally, 24/7 online corrosion monitoring must be carried out on key components such as the initial distillation tower and the top of the atmospheric pressure tower in the vacuum distillation unit. Parameters such as the amount of corrosion inhibitor added and the pH value at the tower top need to be adjusted dynamically, leaving very little room for operational errors. The products and operational maintenance present significant challenges. Heavy components make up a large proportion of the highly corrosive crude oil, making it difficult for the straight-run products to meet specifications regarding parameters such as smoke point and cetane number. Additionally, the catalysts used in subsequent processing can be clogged by iron ions resulting from corrosion. Moreover, the maintenance intervals for these facilities are greatly reduced; even minor lapses in oversight can lead to pipeline corrosion and leaks, posing a direct threat to safe operations over extended periods of time.