【Daily Question】Theoretical Foundation 2020.09.14
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Multiple-choice question: An isomer of a certain hydrocarbon yields only 1 type of monochloro derivative; what is the molecular formula of this hydrocarbon? A. C3H8 B. C4H10 C. C5H12 D. C6H14 Answer: C Hint: Those who can explain the solution process will receive an additional reward; the answer can be found in the response
C A: Propane has only one structure, namely CH3CH2CH3. It contains 2 hydrogen atoms, so there are 2 types of monochloro derivatives; therefore, A is incorrect； B. Butane includes n-butane and isobutane; n-butane (CH3CH2CH2CH3) has 2 types of hydrogen atoms, so it has 2 monochloro derivatives ； Isobutane, CH3CH(CH3)CH3, has 2 types of hydrogen atoms; therefore, there are 2 types of monochloro derivatives, so B is incorrect ； C. Pentane has three isomers: n-pentane, isopentane, and neopentane. N-pentane, with the formula CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3, contains 3 hydrogen atoms; therefore, it has 3 monochloro derivatives ； Isopentane, CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH3, has 4 types of hydrogen atoms, so it has 4 monochloro derivatives ； Neopentane, CH3C(CH3)2CH3, has 1 hydrogen atom; therefore, it has 1 monochloro derivative, so C is correct ； D. C6H14 has 5 isomers, and CH3(CH2)4CH3 has 3 hydrogen atoms; therefore, there are 3 monochloro derivatives ； CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 has 5 hydrogen atoms, so it has 5 monochloro derivatives ； CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 has 4 types of hydrogen atoms, so there are 4 types of monochloro derivatives ； CH3C(CH3)2CH2CH3 has 3 hydrogen atoms, so there are 3 monochloro derivatives ； CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3 has 2 types of hydrogen atoms, so there are 2 types of monochloro derivatives; therefore, D is incorrect ；