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In the process of polymer synthesis in the petrochemical industry, the linear polycondensation synthesis technique is applied through two common processes: one is the polycondensation process, and the other is the addition polymerization process. The polycondensation process refers to the reaction between monomers with two or more functional groups, where they combine with each other to produce small molecular byproducts such as water, alcohols, ammonia, hydrogen halides, etc., thereby forming polymers. The use of this process yields linear polymers, but it has corresponding limitations. The step-growth polymerization synthesis process involves the gradual addition of monomers to form macromolecules; the longer the duration of the chemical reaction, the higher the relative molecular mass of the polymer. This approach is more suitable for the production of polymer materials; the polymers produced have a structure similar to that of polycondensates, but they differ from those obtained through polycondensation processes. With this method, no small molecules are generated in the resulting polymers. The free radical solution polymerization process refers to the technique of dissolving monomers in a container for polymerization, using this method to produce the corresponding polymer. This synthetic process is specifically suitable for the synthesis of certain polymer solutions, such as paints and coatings, adhesives, and fiber spinning. By applying this synthesis process, it is possible to effectively control the ambient temperature; at the same time, the structure of the product can be controlled, thereby regulating its properties. Most importantly, it enables the removal of impurities from the product. However, it also has corresponding drawbacks in its application, such as slow reaction speed, low degree of polymerization, and severe pollution of the natural environment; therefore, corresponding measures to address these pollution issues are necessary when using this technology. Apart from the polycondensation process, the addition polymerization process is also a common synthesis method in the production of polymers in the petrochemical industry. It involves the reaction of one or more monomers to form polymers. When this type of process is used, very few low-molecular-weight compounds are produced; in most cases, high-molecular-weight compounds are what are manufactured. It is precisely because of these characteristics of this process that it becomes the main option for the synthesis of polymer materials; however, the use of such processes typically results in macromolecular polymers, and there are corresponding limitations associated with their application.