【3D Process Flow】--FCC Catalyst Reaction Principle

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【3D Process Flow】Summary Post – Useful for learning about the process flow: https://bbs.hcbbs.com/thread-5711616-1-1.html ---------------------------------------------------------- The reaction principle of FCC (Fluidized Catalytic Cracking) catalysts is based on the acid-catalyzed cracking process using molecular sieve catalysts. In FCC units, heavy petroleum fractions undergo cracking reactions at high temperatures (480–520°C) in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is primarily a Y-type molecular sieve, which possesses a regular crystal structure and strong acidic sites. During the reaction, large molecular hydrocarbons adsorb on the surface of the catalyst; protonic acid sites supply H+ ions which facilitate the breaking of C-C bonds, resulting in the formation of small molecular alkenes and alkanes ； Simultaneously, secondary reactions such as isomerization, cyclization, and hydrogen transfer occur. After the catalyst becomes deactivated due to carbon deposition, it is regenerated by burning in a regenerator to regain its activity, thus forming a catalyst recycling system.