Things about the types of automated instruments

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Automated instruments can be divided into six major categories: field measurement instruments, field control instruments, field instrument actuators, display and recording instruments, regulation and control instruments, and special measurement instruments. Each of these major categories can be further subdivided into several subcategories. Definition of automated instruments: Automated instruments are automated technical tools composed of various automated components, possessing relatively comprehensive functions. Automated instruments generally possess multiple functions such as measurement, display, recording, as well as measurement, control, and alarm. The origin of automated instruments: True automated instruments came into existence in the 1980s, when people combined automation technology with industrial instruments using control devices, and then carried out comprehensive control through assembled electronic equipment. As control technology continued to develop, automation technology gradually became the main tool for the advancement of industrial instruments, giving rise to true automated instruments. New technologies that are evolving rapidly, such as microelectronics, computer technology, network communication technology, and information processing technology, have had a profound impact on the innovation of automated instruments. They have become a new driving force for the development of industrial automation instruments, enabling them to obtain comprehensive information about the objects they monitor in a faster, more sensitive, more reliable, and more efficient manner. Moreover, these technologies have broken free from the traditional framework of optics, mechanics, and electronics, pushing industrial automation instruments toward greater intelligence, networking, bus connectivity, and openness. Today, we use a diagram to help everyone understand the “family relationships” within the family of automated instruments. Automation instruments yunrun.com.cn/news/1661.html Classification of automation instruments. Automation instruments can be divided into six categories: field measurement instruments, field control instruments, field instrument actuators, display and recording instruments, regulation and control instruments, and special measurement instruments. Each of these main categories can be further subdivided into several subcategories. I. Field measurement instruments Field measurement instruments are installed at industrial production sites. These instruments can be classified into level measurement instruments, pressure instruments, temperature instruments, flow rate instruments, gas analysis instruments, and liquid analysis instruments. 1. Level gauges: Level gauges are instruments used in industrial production processes to measure liquid levels, the height of solid and granular materials, as well as the positions of interfaces between liquid phases and between liquid phases and solids. Level measuring instruments come in two types of measurement: continuous measurement and intermittent measurement; these are continuous level meters and limit-type level meters. ①Continuous level gauges can be further subdivided into: direct-reading level gauges (which measure the liquid level based on the principle of fluid continuity). Examples include: glass plate level gauges, glass liquid level gauges, quartz tube dual-color level gauges); capacitive level gauges, buoyancy-based level gauges (such as magnetostrictive level gauges, fiber optic level gauges, float level gauges, servo level gauges, float belt level gauges, ball float level gauges, magnetic flip board level gauges); laser level gauges, ultrasonic level gauges, radar level gauges (such as pulse radar level gauges, guided wave radar level gauges); externally mounted level gauges, radio frequency level gauges, differential pressure level gauges, weight-based level gauges. ② Limiting type level measurement instruments: The most common limiting type level measurement instruments include capacitive/polarized level switches, ball float level switches, fork-type level switches, vane-type level switches, and ultrasonic level switches. 2. Pressure instruments: Pressure instruments are devices used to measure changes in the pressure or pressure difference of fluids during industrial production processes. Pressure instruments can be divided into column-type pressure gauges (such as U-tube pressure gauges, single-tube pressure gauges, inclined pressure gauges), pressure transmitters, differential pressure transmitters, pressure sensors, pressure gauges, pressure switches, and glass tube liquids. 3. Temperature instruments: Temperature instruments are industrial automation devices used to measure the degree of heat or cold of an object. Temperature instruments can be further classified into glass tube liquid thermometers, pressure-type thermometers, thermocouples, thermal resistors, temperature transmitters, bimetallic thermometers, temperature switches, optical high-temperature thermometers, radiation thermometers, and contactless infrared temperature detectors. 4. Flow meters Flow meters, also known as flow gauges, can be further classified into mass flow meters (such as Coriolis mass flow meters and thermal mass flow meters), positive displacement flow meters (such as scraper flow meters, gear flow meters, and elliptical gear flow meters), paddle wheel flow meters, flow switches, velocity-type flow meters (such as rotameters, turbine flow meters, ultrasonic flow meters, electromagnetic flow meters, and vortex flow meters), open-channel flow meters, target flow meters, and differential pressure flow meters (such as orifice plate flow meters, nozzle flow meters, venturi tube flow meters, elbow flow meters, V-cone flow meters, pitot tube flow meters, and uniform velocity tube flow meters). 5. Gas analysis instruments Gas analysis instruments are process analysis devices used to measure the composition of gases; they can be categorized into gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyzers, oxygen analyzers, detectors for toxic/flammable gases, thermal conductivity analyzers, magnetic conductivity analyzers, electrochemical analyzers, infrared analyzers, ultraviolet analyzers, laser-based gas analyzers, and photoelectric detection gas analyzers. 6. Liquid analysis instruments. Liquid analysis instruments can be further divided into electrochemical analyzers, UV-Vis analyzers, infrared absorption spectroscopy analyzers, distillation range analyzers, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analyzers, water quality analyzers (such as pH meters, conductivity meters, concentration/turbidity meters, dissolved oxygen analyzers, residual chlorine analyzers, DOC/COD analyzers), and viscosity/density meters. II. On-site control instruments: On-site instruments refer to those installed at the production site, used for measuring various process parameters, executing various control commands, converting signals, and enabling communication. On-site control instruments include pneumatic control instruments, hydraulic control instruments, and electric control instruments. III. Field Instrument Actuators Field instrument actuators include pneumatic diaphragm control valves, combinations of pneumatic diaphragm control valves with valve positioners, electrical valve positioners, and intelligent electrical valve positioners. IV. Recording Instruments for Displaying Data Recording instruments are divided into paper-based recorders, paperless recorders, and display instruments (analog display instruments, digital display instruments, touch screen HMIs, CRT display terminals, and flash alarm devices). V. Regulation and control instruments include PID regulators, PLCs, digital control systems (such as alarm and continuous control systems, DCS systems, FCS bus control systems, ESD emergency shutdown systems, SIS safety instrument systems), and IPC industrial computers. VI. Special measuring instruments Special measuring instruments include shaft vibration meters, shaft displacement meters, tachometers, weighing instruments, thickness measuring instruments, signal calibrators, flame detectors, etc. The classification of automated instruments is not fixed; as instrument technology evolves, the boundaries between certain product categories blur. For example, a bus-powered pressure transmitter that also has PID control functions qualifies as both a field measurement instrument and a control instrument. http://yunrun.com.cn/upload/201807/05/201807050327302133.png http://yunrun.com.cn/upload/201807/05/201807050329411515.png http://yunrun.com.cn/upload/201807/05/201807050340474848.png http://yunrun.com.cn/upload/201807/05/201807050343494545.png http://yunrun.com.cn/upload/201807/05/201807050345160129.png http://yunrun.com.cn/upload/201807/05/201807050346575731.png http://yunrun.com.cn/upload/201807/05/201807050349369594.png http://yunrun.com.cn/upload/201807/05/201807050351056976.png