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In the daily operation of fixed-bed/gas-fluidized gasification furnaces, what types of production hazards are most likely to arise respectively from an excessively high or low steam-to-oxygen ratio? How can the on-site control center predict and make adjustments in advance?
The control of the oxygen-to-vapor ratio is indeed a key point. When it is too high, it can easily lead to excessive furnace temperature, potentially damaging the refractory materials and even causing slag formation ； A low level will result in a decrease in vaporization efficiency, and in severe cases, dangerous gases such as CO may be produced. It is recommended that the control system pay close attention to these parameters: 1) Monitor in real time the changes in the composition of the syngas, especially the ratio of CO2 to CO ； 2) Observe the fluctuation trend of the bed pressure difference ； 3) Predictive adjustment based on the temperature curve. It is best to refer to the equipment manufacturer’s safety manual for the specific operating parameters, as these vary depending on the type of furnace.
Regarding the predictive methods for controlling the oxygen-to-gas ratio, the monitoring of gas composition and bed pressure difference mentioned above is indeed very important. Two additional practical tips: 1) It is possible to create graphs of historical data; caution should be exercised when the CO/H2 ratio deviates from the baseline for three consecutive readings ； 2) When abnormal fluctuations in furnace temperature occur, it is recommended to fine-tune the slurry concentration first rather than making large changes to the steam-oxygen ratio, as this will result in a more stable system response. The specific parameters should still be based on the safety thresholds provided by the manufacturer, and the adjustment strategies may vary depending on the load level.