What are the safety hazards in hydrogen production facilities?
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Hydrogen production via the steam reforming of hydrocarbons, using feedstocks such as coke dry gas, catalytic dry gas, natural gas, and propane – what safety hazards exist within such facilities? Analysis of aspects such as processes and equipment: 1. In terms of processes, the main considerations are the impact on catalysts; frequent adjustments to raw materials and large fluctuations in the water-to-carbon ratio pose safety risks to the conversion catalysts and furnace tubes. Low reactor temperatures can affect the activity of the catalysts used in hydrogenation reactors, while low temperatures in the desulfurization tank result in incomplete desulfurization. Frequent adjustments to the processing volume and pressure swing adsorption time also pose risks to the adsorbents. 2. Regarding equipment, the main concerns are the operation and monitoring of moving equipment, as well as corrosion issues in the pipelines of stationary equipment Normal operation and maintenance of the press, protection, monitoring, and temperature measurement of the converter tubes, optimization of the furnace flame, heat exchange efficiency of various heat exchangers, separation efficiency of the liquid separation tank, and nitrogen protection for standby equipment! Monitoring of various operating parameters of moving equipment, protection of stationary equipment, erosion and corrosion, sulfur corrosion, oxygen corrosion, mixed acid corrosion, alkali corrosion, stress corrosion, lattice corrosion, hydrogen corrosion, hydrogen embrittlement, electrochemical corrosion, and more! Are there any other hidden risks with this device? Please share them
A high content of olefins that cause drying or accelerate drying can affect the hydrogenation reactor, leading to overheating of the reactor. If the hydrogen sulfide level is high, it can cause the desulfurization catalyst to become saturated prematurely. In terms of equipment, valves that are opened and closed frequently are prone to internal leakage, especially those in hydrogen pipelines; the most typical examples are the gas sampling valves, which will inevitably start leaking combustible gases over time. There is also the interlock system of hydrogen production units, especially the shut-off valves. Older units do not receive timely maintenance for these shut-off valves, which can lead to unnecessary shutdowns. The furnace tubes in the converter, the steam generators, the steam-water separators, and so on – it’s really scary when you think about it. I’m going to quit my job tomorrow, haha
Regarding boilers: 1. Chlorine introduced into the deionized water can cause catalyst poisoning, as well as spotting on the boiler tubes, redening of the tubes, and even tube rupture. 2. Oxygen corrosion in boilers. 3. Scaling in boilers, which affects heat exchange efficiency and can even lead to explosions. 4. Explosions occur when the liquid level in boilers is too low, while high liquid levels cause scaling in the superheaters and result in the hydrolysis and breakdown of catalysts. Corrosion caused by acidic water, leakage in the demineralized water heat exchanger, hydrogen entering the deaeration tank. In addition, internal leakage of the valve and false indication of liquid level