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Article 1 These approval principles apply to the approval of environmental impact assessment documents for petrochemical industry construction projects that involve the production of gasoline fractions, diesel fractions, fuel oil, petroleum wax, petroleum asphalt, lubricating oils, and petrochemical raw materials from crude oil, heavy oil, etc.; or the production of organic chemicals from petroleum fractions and natural gas, as well as the production of new organic chemicals, synthetic resins, synthetic fibers, synthetic rubbers, etc. from organic chemicals. Such projects must comply with the “Emission Standards for Pollutants from the Petroleum Refining Industry” (GB 31570), the “Emission Standards for Pollutants from the Petrochemical Industry” (GB 31571), and the “Emission Standards for Pollutants from the Synthetic Resin Industry” (GB 31572). Specifically, these principles pertain to petrochemical industry construction projects falling under categories 251 (manufacture of refined petroleum products), 261 (manufacture of basic chemical raw materials), and 265 (manufacture of synthetic materials) as listed in the “Catalogue for Classified Management of Environmental Impact Assessments for Construction Projects (2021 Edition)”. Article 2: Projects must comply with relevant laws and regulations on ecological and environmental protection, statutory plans, as well as policy requirements regarding industrial structure adjustment, regional and sectoral goals for carbon peak and carbon neutrality, control of total coal consumption, and control of total emissions of key pollutants. Newly built, renovated, or expanded oil refining facilities, as well as new projects for ethylene, p-xylene, and polyphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), must comply with relevant industrial plans such as the **approved plan for the development of the petrochemical industry**. Article 3: The location selection for projects shall comply with the requirements for ecological and environmental zoning control. New and expanded construction projects should be located in industrial parks established in accordance with laws and regulations, and must comply with the park’s planning requirements as well as the requirements of the environmental impact assessment for such planning. The project site shall not be located within 1 kilometer of the banks of the main and tributary streams of the Yangtze River, or within the areas under regulatory control along the banks of the main and tributary streams of the Yellow River – areas that are explicitly prohibited by laws and regulations. It should also avoid ecological protection zones, and stay as far away as possible from densely populated areas, hospitals, schools, and other environmentally sensitive sites. Article 4: Newly constructed and expanded projects shall adopt advanced and suitable process technologies and equipment. The material consumption, energy consumption, water consumption, pollutant emissions per unit product, and comprehensive resource utilization shall all reach the advanced level within the industry. The energy efficiency of the refining, ethylene, and p-xylene projects reaches industry benchmark levels. Encourage the use of green raw materials, processes, and products, as well as clean fuels, green electricity, and green hydrogen. Encourage the implementation of a circular economy and make comprehensive use of upstream and downstream resources within the park. Strengthen water-saving measures to reduce the use of fresh water. In areas that meet the requirements, recycled water and desalinated water should be given priority, with seawater being used as circulating cooling water ； In water-scarce areas, water-saving technologies such as air cooling and closed-loop systems should be given priority. Article 5: Projects should give priority to utilizing the park’s centralized heating and steam supply systems. The use of renewable energy is encouraged. In principle, no coal-fired captive power plants shall be installed, and the number of captive boilers should be minimized or not installed at all. If it is indeed necessary to build a captive power plant, it must comply with the relevant national and local planning guidelines as well as emission control requirements. Heating furnaces, conversion furnaces, cracking furnaces, etc. should use clean fuels such as desulfurized dry gas, and adopt nitrogen oxide control measures such as low-nitrogen combustion ； Catalytic cracking units and power station boilers, etc., should adopt necessary desulfurization, denitrification, and dust removal measures ； Effective control measures should be taken for other organized process waste gases to reduce pollutant emissions ； In principle, exhaust gas bypasses should not be installed; for emergency bypasses that must be retained, automatic monitoring equipment such as flow meters should be installed. It is advisable to transfer materials directly through pipelines between upstream and downstream units, in order to reduce the need for intermediate storage tanks ； By optimizing equipment and tank selection, and strengthening control throughout the entire process—from the source to the end point—uncontrolled emissions of pollutants are reduced ； For loading volatile organic liquids, bottom loading is preferred; when top immersion loading is used, an efficient sealing method must be employed ； Sealing of processes such as wastewater pretreatment and sludge storage and disposal ； All organic waste gases should be collected; the use of homogenization tanks for wastewater, oil tanks, scum tanks, and acidic water tanks for the collection and treatment of organic waste gases is encouraged ； Treatment technologies should be selected appropriately based on characteristics of waste gases, components and concentrations of volatile organic compounds, and production conditions. High- and low-concentration organic waste gases should be collected and treated separately; high-concentration organic waste gases are preferably collected and treated individually, with priority given to recovery and reuse. For those that cannot be recovered, efficient treatment processes such as pretreatment combined with catalytic oxidation or incineration should be employed. Except for cases involving the treatment of single odorous substances, technologies such as low-temperature plasma, photocatalysis, and photooxidation generally should not be used alone ； Clarify the Equipment Leak Detection and Repair (LDAR) system. Exhaust from abnormal operating conditions shall be collected and treated, with recycling given priority. The flue gas from the power station boilers shall meet the requirements of the \"Emission Standards for Air Pollutants from Boilers\" (GB 13271) or the \"Emission Standards for Air Pollutants from Thermal Power Plants\" (GB 13223) ； Odorous pollutants shall meet the requirements of the “Emission Standards for Odorous Pollutants” (GB 14554) ； The emission and control of other pollutants shall comply with the requirements of the \"Emission Standards for Pollutants in the Petroleum Refining Industry\" (GB 31570), the \"Emission Standards for Pollutants in the Petrochemical Industry\" (GB 31571), the \"Emission Standards for Pollutants in the Synthetic Resin Industry\" (GB 31572), and other relevant standards. For the long-distance transportation of bulk materials, railways, pipelines, or waterways are preferred; within the factory premises or for short-distance transfers, clean transportation methods such as vehicles that meet National VI emission standards, new energy vehicles, pipelines, or tubular belt conveyors are used. Set the atmospheric environmental protection distance reasonably; within this distance, there should be no environmentally sensitive sites such as residential areas, schools, and hospitals. Article 6: Incorporate greenhouse gas emissions into the environmental impact assessment of construction projects, calculate the greenhouse gas emissions associated with such projects, promote synergistic efforts to reduce pollution and carbon emissions, and advance the demonstration and application of innovative carbon reduction technologies. Regions and enterprises that have the necessary conditions are encouraged to utilize renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, hydroelectric, and non-grain biomass to produce hydrogen, as well as chemical products like methanol, olefins, aromatics, biodegradable plastics, dimethyl carbonate, polyesters, and dimethyl ether through the use of carbon dioxide. They are also encouraged to adopt carbon reduction technologies such as efficient and low-cost capture, transportation, and long-term stable storage of carbon dioxide. Article 7: Ensure proper separation of rainwater and sewage, clean water and polluted water, as well as different types of polluted water. Wastewater is collected separately according to types, treated based on its quality, and given priority for reuse. Oil-containing wastewater and sulfur-containing wastewater are treated to achieve maximum reuse; saline wastewater undergoes appropriate advanced treatment. Polluted rainwater is also collected and treated. It is strictly prohibited to discharge industrial wastewater directly into urban sewage treatment systems without treatment or with inadequate treatment. The pollutants in the wastewater discharged from the project shall comply with the requirements of the “Emission Standards for Pollutants from the Petroleum Refining Industry” (GB 31570), the “Emission Standards for Pollutants from the Petrochemical Industry” (GB 31571), the “Emission Standards for Pollutants from the Synthetic Resin Industry” (GB 31572), etc. Article 8: The prevention and control of soil and groundwater pollution shall adhere to the principles of source control, zonal prevention and control, monitoring, and emergency response. For production units, equipment, facilities, and sites involving toxic and hazardous substances, specific measures for preventing soil pollution such as corrosion, leakage, and dispersion must be put in place. Sealing measures should be adopted based on the sensitivity of environmental protection objectives, the layout of the facility, hydrogeological conditions, etc., and effective monitoring and emergency response plans for soil and groundwater should be established, in compliance with relevant requirements such as the \"Technical Specifications for Sealing in Petrochemical Projects\" (GB/T 50934). For groundwater environmental sensitive targets that may be affected, protective measures should be proposed; in cases related to drinking water functions, additional measures should be taken to safeguard groundwater quality and ensure the safety of drinking water. Construction projects that may cause groundwater pollution shall not be located in areas under the protection zone of springs, nor in areas where karst is highly developed and where there are numerous sinkholes and karst dolines. Article 9 Solid waste shall be properly treated and disposed of in accordance with the principles of reduction, resource utilization, and harmlessness. General industrial solid waste should be comprehensively utilized through the project itself or by entrusting other enterprises; those that cannot be comprehensively utilized should be properly disposed of in nearby locations. If storage within the factory is necessary, storage facilities and areas must be constructed in accordance with relevant regulations. Petroleum and chemical projects that generate large amounts of hazardous waste, such as large-scale integrated refining and chemical plants, should dispose of such waste either through their own facilities or by making use of centralized hazardous waste treatment facilities in the industrial parks. The storage and disposal of hazardous waste and general industrial solid waste shall comply with relevant requirements such as the \"Pollution Control Standards for the Storage of Hazardous Waste\" (GB 18597) and its amendments, the \"Pollution Control Standards for the Landfilling of Hazardous Waste\" (GB 18598), the \"Pollution Control Standards for the Storage and Landfilling of General Industrial Solid Waste\" (GB 18599), and the \"Pollution Control Standards for the Incineration of Hazardous Waste\" (GB 18484). Article 10: Optimize the layout of the factory area, give priority to the use of low-noise equipment and processes, and adopt measures such as vibration reduction, sound insulation, and noise suppression to effectively control noise pollution; the noise level at the factory boundary shall meet the requirements of the \"Standards for Environmental Noise Emissions at the Boundaries of Industrial Enterprises\" (GB 12348). For renovation and expansion projects located in areas with a high concentration of noise-sensitive buildings, measures to prevent noise pollution should be strengthened to avoid such pollution. Article 11: Strictly control project-related environmental risks, establish a comprehensive system for their prevention and management, and enhance the capacity to address such risks. Environmental risk prevention and emergency measures are reasonable and effective. Ensure the capability to effectively collect and properly treat accident wastewater. Effective risk prevention and emergency response measures are formulated to address potential sudden environmental incidents associated with the project; an environmental risk prevention and emergency response management system for the project, as well as the surrounding area and industrial park, is established; and requirements for developing emergency plans for sudden environmental incidents during the project’s operation period are specified. Article 12: For renovation and expansion projects, a comprehensive assessment should be conducted of the environmental protection issues or emission reduction potential associated with the existing facilities involved, and effective corrective or improvement measures should be proposed. Article 13: Construction projects that introduce new emissions of major pollutants shall comply with the \"Notice on Strengthening the Supervision and Management of Regional Emission Reduction Measures for Construction Projects in Key Industries\" (Huanban Huiping [2020] No. 36). In areas and watershed management units where the environmental quality meets ** or local environmental quality standards, in principle, an equivalent regional reduction shall be implemented for the key pollutants subject to total emission control under **. In areas where the project is located, or in watershed control units where the environmental quality does not meet **the relevant local environmental quality standards, the main pollutants associated with these issues must be reduced by an appropriate factor. In cases of excessive nitrogen dioxide levels, nitrogen oxides must be reduced accordingly ； In cases where fine particulate matter exceeds the standard, reductions in sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and volatile organic compounds are required ； In cases of excessive ozone levels, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds need to be reduced accordingly. In principle, regional reduction measures should be applied within the same prefecture-level city or the same river basin within a municipal administrative region where the construction project is located. When the reduction amount within the administrative region of a prefecture-level city is insufficient, it can come from the provincial administrative region or from the same river basin within that provincial region. The supplementary reduction measures should be those to be implemented after the base year for evaluation, and measures included in the region’s key emission reduction projects cannot serve as regional reduction measures. Article 14: Specify the environmental management requirements and environmental monitoring plan after the project is implemented. In accordance with the requirements of the industry’s self-monitoring technical guidelines, plans for monitoring the discharge of pollutants in wastewater and exhaust gases, as well as environmental noise at the factory perimeter, are formulated and implemented; the locations for pollutant discharge or monitoring must meet the specifications set out in the technical standards. The automatic monitoring equipment for pollutant emissions at key polluting enterprises shall be connected to the monitoring equipment of the environmental protection authorities in accordance with laws and regulations. For discharges of pollutants listed in the catalog of toxic and harmful pollutants in water and the atmosphere, an environmental monitoring plan for the surrounding area shall also be formulated in accordance with laws and regulations. Article 15: Information disclosure and public participation shall be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations. Article 16: The guidelines for preparing environmental impact assessment documents require that the basic data and information used be in line with actual conditions, be complete and accurate; the conclusions of the environmental impact assessment shall be clear and reasonable, and shall meet the requirements set out in the technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment or the technical guidelines for preparing environmental impact reports for construction projects.