Labyrinth seal
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As shown in the figure, this labyrinth-sealed throttle groove is located on the shaft sleeve. Are there any drawbacks to using an oil seal that works in conjunction with this labyrinth seal? I also recommend the selection guidelines for labyrinth seals
Within the leakage path, a labyrinthine gap composed of numerous teeth or grooves creates a throttling effect on what is to be sealed, thereby providing sealing functionality; this type of seal is known as a labyrinth seal. It boasts excellent sealing performance at high speeds, requires no lubrication, has no friction, is easy to maintain, has a long service life, and does not require the use of other sealing materials. However, it has high processing precision and is difficult to assemble. It is mainly used for sealing gases, and labyrinth seals are widely employed at the shaft ends and between stages in turbines, gas turbines, compressors, and blowers. It is particularly effective for high-temperature, high-pressure, high-speed, and large-size sealing applications where ordinary seals are not suitable.
Labyrinth seal is also known as meander seal. The common types include straight-through, zigzag, stepped, and honeycomb, four in total. The straight-through type is generally used in low-pressure applications, with poor sealing performance ； The tortuous type is the most widely used, comes in a variety of styles, and offers better sealing performance than the straight-through type ； The stepped shape is commonly used in balance discs, compressor wheel covers, and in certain applications where axial dimensions are a constraint ； Honeycomb seals offer the best sealing performance, but their manufacturing process is relatively complex, the cost is high, and the structural requirements impose strict demands on the strength of the materials.
(1) It is suitable for high rotational speeds; the sealing performance is actually better at higher speeds than at lower speeds. (2) It belongs to a non-contact seal that requires no lubrication; it is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure environments, allows for thermal expansion, and has low power consumption. (3) It is easy to maintain; if its manufacturing, assembly, and operation methods are proper, it has a long service life. (4) The material requirements are not high; in the absence of special requirements such as temperature control or corrosion resistance, aluminum, bronze, or carbon steel can generally be used. High-pressure end steam temperature of industrial steam turbines
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