【History of Haichuan Chemical】Historical photos of Shenyang Pump Factory
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The former location of Shenyang Pump Factory was at No. 28 Xiongjiagang Road, Heavy Industry Street, Tiexi District; it was a **second-level enterprise. It is under state ownership and falls under the Shenyang Machinery Industry Administration. In 1985, the factory covered an area of 468,000 square meters, with a building area of 227,000 square meters. I. Establishment of the enterprise, Japanese occupation, and the Republic of China period (1932–1948): The predecessor of the Shenyang Pump Factory was 13 small factories established during the period from 1932 to 1941 by Japanese investors, including Manchuria Ebara Manufacturing Company, Manchuria Kōkō Yawata Corporation, Mainland Aluminum Industry Corporation, the joint venture Manchuria Workshop, Morita Tsumura, Kikai, Matsuda, and Takasago Manufacturing Company. These factories mainly repair railway machinery and manufacture aircraft and automobile parts, as well as producing military water bottles, lunch boxes, water pumps, and fans to meet the industrial needs of the Northeast region. In August 1941, in order to expand its war of aggression against China, Japanese imperialism took advantage of the industrial infrastructure in Shenyang and established the Manchuria Ebara Manufacturing Company at No. 1-15, Jiagong Street (now Yunfeng Street) in Tixi District, to specialize in the production of various pumps. The production facility invested 3 million yuan per year; over 4 years until 1944, a total of 12 million yuan was invested. It employed 216 workers and had 37 various types of mechanical equipment. By August 1945, 780 units had been actually produced. After Japan’s surrender in 1945, the National Government took over these factories; the Manchuria Ebara Manufacturing Plant was transformed into the Liaoning Machinery General Factory, which produced parts for 60-mm guns and submachine guns, while the machinery and equipment from the other smaller factories were dismantled and sold. In January 1947, it was renamed Shenyang Machinery Factory. The factory covered an area of nearly 10,000 square meters and had more than 80 employees.
II. The Initial Period of Development after the Founding of New China (1948–1952) Shenyang was liberated on November 2, 1948. On November 30, Zhang Fengyang, a military representative sent by the Economic Department of the Military Control Committee of Shenyang Special City in China’s People’s Liberation Army, took over the Shenyang Machinery Factory of the Northeast Production Administration Bureau. The factory came under the jurisdiction of the Mechanical Industry Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Industry of the Northeast People’s Government, and from then on it became a socialist state-owned enterprise. In January 1949, Shenyang Machinery Factory was renamed Shenyang Second Machinery Factory. In May of the same year, it was renamed the Sixth Machinery Factory. The equipment originally used for producing 60-mm guns was modified to repair and manufacture water pumps. In 1950, **Shenyang No. 6 Machinery Factory was designated as the first specialized pump manufacturing plant in the Shenyang area. By the end of 1952, the pumps that had been developed and produced could reach a maximum rotation speed of 1450 revolutions per minute, a maximum head of 300 meters, a flow rate ranging from 6.84 to 2808 cubic meters per hour, with a maximum diameter of 600 millimeters. The total output value reached 6.09 million yuan, with 6,402 water pumps in use, resulting in a profit of 1.356 million yuan. The production plan for the **recovery period was successfully completed.
III. Rapid Development during the Planned Economy Period (1953–1978) In January 1953, Shenyang No. 6 Machinery Factory, the largest specialized pump manufacturer in the Shenyang area, came under the oversight of the Central First Ministry of Mechanical Industry; in August of the same year, it was renamed Shenyang Pump Factory. **An investment of 3.8 million yuan was made in Shenyang Water Pump Factory for its expansion and technological upgrading, enabling the production of industrial centrifugal pumps, boiler feed pumps, etc., to serve industries such as power and petrochemicals. From 1952 to 1957, 40 key personnel in production and technology were trained on behalf of Korea. During the first Five-Year Plan period, the factory developed 143 new products, produced 31,100 units of various pumps, achieved an industrial output value of 34.67 million yuan, and recorded a profit of 10.15 million yuan. During the Second Five-Year Plan period from 1958 to 1962, **5.5 million yuan was invested to establish a new factory site on Zhonggong Street in Tixi District in 1958; a large pump workshop, a special pumps workshop, and a 670-meter-long railway spur line were built there. To meet the needs of the national economy, the first giant water pump was successfully developed in September 1958—the 48″22 large center-opening pump. The entire pump body is cast in four sections, which is a breakthrough in the history of heat treatment processes. Subsequently, China’s first high-pressure boiler water pump was successfully developed. In 1958, 35 managers, engineering and technical personnel, and key production staff were sent to the First Heavy Machinery Factory and Xi’an Instrument Factory. In 1959, the factory was relocated to Xiongjiagang Road in Tiexi District, Shenyang. Since then, Shenyang Pump Factory has continued to grow and develop, becoming the largest manufacturer of pump products in China as well as a leading pump manufacturing enterprise in Asia. And that same year, China’s first vertical large-scale water pump was produced. To meet the needs of national defense development, Shenyang Pump Factory began developing and producing special pump products for advanced national defense projects in 1960, such as main pumps for nuclear reactors and pumps for nuclear submarines, thereby filling gaps in China’s domestic production. In 1962, it undertook the trial production of pumps for projects such as “801”, “09”, “Dongfeng” and “525”, as assigned by the National Defense Science and Technology Commission and the Military Industry Department under it. The successful development of China’s first set of main pumps for nuclear reactors, the 24B-9, by the nuclear industry – specifically the \"801\" large pump – indicates that China has reached world-class levels in technologies such as stainless steel casting, processing, welding, non-destructive testing, stress analysis, and testing for pump products. Over the past 20-plus years, a total value of 140.16 million yuan worth of industrial pumps have been supplied for the defense and military industries. In 1961, a KBH55-120 type cracking oil pump capable of processing 1 million tons per year was successfully developed, solving the challenges faced in oil refining and breaking away from the reliance on imports. Each such pump helped save 240,000 yuan in foreign exchange, and it won an award from the Ministry of Machinery Industry for its achievements. From 1964 to 1973, 3 experts were sent to Vietnam to provide guidance, and 32 key personnel in production and technology were trained there. In 1966, a new factory was built under contract for Zigong Special Pump Factory. In 1967, a new factory was constructed on contract for Gansu Tianshui Water Pump Factory. In 1966, Shenyang Pump Factory successfully developed seawater-resistant condensation pumps for nuclear submarines, as well as China’s first main equipment for hydrogenation refining – a 475×24 vertical sac-type oil pump. In 1969, a nuclear-powered high-temperature and high-pressure reactor cooling circulation pump was developed for the successful trial production of China’s nuclear submarines. “During the \"Cultural Revolution\" from 1967 to 1969, production levels declined sharply and factories suffered losses. After the 11th Three-Year Plan session of the Communist Party, through technological upgrades and by introducing new technologies, 53 new products were developed over the years; 24 of these reached or approached world-class standards, while 16 were energy-efficient products. In 1970, the 8P20 high-temperature and high-pressure shielded pump, which was the largest in capacity in China at that time, was developed; it was also known as the \"803\" main pump, and this pump was designated as a **first-stage standard product**.
IV. The Golden Age after the Reforms (1978–1989) Starting in 1980, factories successively introduced technology from industrially developed countries such as West Germany, Japan, and the United States. In 1983, the Shen Pump D300-150 oilfield injection pump was awarded the **Quality Gold Award**. In 1984, China’s first 40CHTA boiler feed pump was developed. The Shen Pump DG270-140C high-pressure boiler feed pump won a **Silver Award in 1984. At the 36th Eureka International Invention Expo held in Brussels, the capital of Belgium, the self-designed D800-150 segmented multi-stage pump won a silver award. On May 14, 1985, Shenyang Pump Manufacturing Co., Ltd., in which it held a 52.5862% stake, was established. The company focuses on the manufacturing of pumps, and is also involved in the sales and technical services of motors, valves, as well as complete mechanical and electrical products. By 1985, there were 9,140 employees, 1,057 management staff, and 542 engineering and technical personnel. The original value of fixed assets is 115 million yuan, the net value is 64.62 million yuan, and the working capital is 103 million yuan. There are 1,352 various types of mechanical equipment, including 511 metal cutting machines. The total industrial output value reached 89.02 million yuan, with profits amounting to 12.91 million yuan. On May 19, 1987, the **Mechanical Committee designated Shenyang Water Pump Factory as a key large-scale enterprise in the field of industrial pumps across the country, marking its important position in the industry. In 1987, the 40CHTA/6 high-pressure boiler feed pump won the **Silver Award**. In 1989, the hydrogen feed pump designed through independent research was successfully developed, filling a gap in domestic pump products. V. Phase of corporate restructuring and strategic reorganization (1990–2025) In the 1990s, under the impact of the market economy and facing competitive pressures, companies gradually underwent transformation into joint-stock enterprises. By the end of 1991, the original value of fixed assets was 128.47 million yuan, while their net value was 68.60 million yuan. There are 5,100 employees, of whom 610 are engineering and technical personnel. The total annual industrial output value was 143.08 million yuan, with profits and taxes amounting to 16.84 million yuan, and foreign exchange earnings of 3 million US dollars. Total labor productivity is 28,149 yuan. The company possesses manufacturing technologies for six types of products, including high-pressure boiler feed pumps, chemical process pumps, mechanical seals, large vertical inclined-flow pumps, as well as pumps for offshore drilling platforms, which were introduced from countries such as Germany, the United States, Japan, and the United Kingdom. In 1990, the 50CHTA/6 high-pressure boiler feed pump won the **Gold Award**. The first DSJH chemical process pump was developed in 1993. In 1997, the first 300-megawatt nuclear power plant main pump was developed. In 1998, Guangdong Province launched Phase III of the \"Dongshen Project\", constructing an 83-kilometer-long closed pipeline to supply potable water to Hong Kong and other areas, which required large-scale water supply pumps. After hard efforts, Shenyang Pump Factory secured orders for 16 sets of pumps. By utilizing CAD/CAM integrated technology, it was possible to manufacture three-dimensional twisted-vane closed impellers, thereby raising the quality of these pumps to international advanced standards. The 16 large-scale 62000HETXJ adjustable-vane vertical mixed-flow pumps passed all tests successfully and were shipped, filling a **gap in the market. On December 16, 1998, Shenyang Pump Factory was officially restructured into “Shenyang Pump Co., Ltd.” The company type is a joint stock limited company (unlisted, state-owned-controlled), with its registration address at No. 28 Xiongjiagang Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang. In 1999, the original value of the enterprise’s fixed assets was 79.35 million yuan, while their net value was 45.616 million yuan. There are 5,776 employees, including 481 engineering and technical personnel. There are 1,192 units of various mechanical and electrical equipment. The main products include single-stage centrifugal pumps, power plant circulation pumps, military pumps, etc., totaling 13 series, 276 varieties, and 856 specifications. On average, around 10,000 pump products are supplied each year to various sectors of the national economy, including the petroleum and defense industries. It has a National Pump Industry Technology Development Center—the Shenyang Pump Research Institute—and a quality inspection center. On March 30, 2001, Beijing Pump Factory officially declared bankruptcy ； In 2001, Wuhan Pump Factory announced the suspension of production. During the same period, Shenyang Pump Factory also faced tremendous pressure from market competition. In May 2004, in accordance with the unified plans of the Shenyang Municipal Party Committee and Government, Shenyang Blower Group took advantage of its brand and management strengths to carry out strategic reorganization and major technological upgrades of three leading enterprises in the domestic industry – Shenyang Water Pump Co., Ltd. and Shenyang Gas Compressor Co., Ltd. – thereby forming a new Shenyang Blower Group. At that time, Shenyang Pump Factory was insolvent and operating at a loss, so it was subject to strategic restructuring by Shenyang Blower Group, after which the name of Shenyang Pump Factory disappeared. Following the integration, some of the products formerly produced by Shenyang Pump Co., Ltd., such as those for nuclear power, military applications, and ultra-supercritical units, are now manufactured by Shenyang Blower Factory. Pumps for thermal power units of 300MW or less (including 300MW units) are produced by Shenyang Industrial Pump Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (formerly a branch of Shenyang Pump Co., Ltd.; it became an enterprise with full legal independence after restructuring in 1996). This company takes on the design and manufacturing of most of the products that were previously produced by Shenyang Pump Co., Ltd. In early 2007, Shenyang Water Pump Factory moved to the premises of Shenyang Blower Group at No. 16A, Kefa Road, Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone, and all its employees were integrated into Shenyang Blower Group. In 2009, Shenyang Blower Group Petrochemical Pump Co., Ltd. was established to take over the production of civilian pumps that were previously manufactured by Shenyang Water Pump Factory. In 2010, as part of SHENGU Group, it focused on the research and development of high-end pumps, such as nuclear power main pumps and oil pipeline pumps, and participated in projects of ** grade, including the \"Hualong One\" project. Maintain a competitive position in the industry through technological innovation; products are applied in fields such as energy and defense. On November 2, 2020, with the aim of turning the Petrochemical Pump Company into an internationally competitive enterprise and laying the foundation for its sustainable innovation and development, Shenyang Blower Group Petrochemical Pump Co., Ltd. underwent a transformation to a mixed-ownership structure. Its 72% shareholding was listed on the Shenyang Equity Exchange, and ultimately Beijing Tianzhu Xingye Software Technology Co., Ltd. was successfully brought in as a new investor. The change in the equity structure involves a shift from a company owned and controlled by legal entities that are not natural persons to a joint venture between foreign-invested enterprises and domestic companies; the investors have changed from Shenyang Blower Group Co., Ltd. to Shenyang Blower Group Co., Ltd. and Beijing Tianzhu Xingye Software Technology Co., Ltd. In January 2022, the transition to a mixed-ownership structure was completed. Shenyang Blower Group Petrochemical Pump Co., Ltd. moved to No. 181 Honghui Road, Yuhong District, Shenyang, marking a new chapter in the company’s development and continuing to carry forward and develop the technology and business practices of Shenyang Pump Factory. Entering the 2025–2026 period, the two companies that have inherited the technical legacy of Shenyang Pump Factory have both achieved new developments. On January 12, 2026, the first domestically produced CAP1000 shielded motor main pump, successfully developed by SHENGU Group, was ready for shipment at its nuclear power production facility, where a grand delivery ceremony was held. The CAP1000 main pump is the core of the reactor coolant circulation, and it features the highest levels of safety, quality assurance, and seismic resistance. The main pump has achieved significant technical breakthroughs in terms of material development, structural design, and manufacturing processes. Through rigorous testing for engineering durability as well as coordinated integration with domestically produced frequency converters, it has fully resolved the challenges associated with the independent manufacturing of reactor coolant pumps, thereby laying a solid foundation for replacing imported equipment with domestic alternatives and strengthening the security of the nuclear power industry chain. Another branch – Shenyang Industrial Pump Manufacturing Co., Ltd. – has pursued a new path of development through digital transformation. Since 2025, efforts have been made to advance intelligent transformation and digitalization, using digital development to drive new forms of industrialization and to establish new benchmarks for intelligent manufacturing in this industry. Original corporate status and brand continuity. According to the business registration records, Shenyang Water Pump Factory, as the original legal entity, failed to go through the procedures for cancellation or revocation after the asset restructuring; its legal status thus remained in effect. However, its scope of operations was limited to “handling internal corporate affairs,” with no actual production or business activities taking place. Conclusion: From its initial stages of establishment, Shenyang Pump Factory has grown to become a key player in China’s pump industry, witnessing the country’s nearly century-long journey in the field of pumps – from dependence on Japanese rule to independent innovation, and from general-purpose manufacturing to high-end equipment production. Today, its technological legacy has evolved from independent efforts to integration within the Shenmu Group and locally restructured enterprises; it continues to support equipment safety in areas such as the localization of nuclear power main pumps, as well as the advancement of intelligence in pumps used in the petrochemical and power industries, thus continuing to write new chapters in the history of China’s pump industry. (Chenzhou Beimo, first draft dated July 9, 2025; second draft revised on October 14, 2025; third draft on February 26, 2026)
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