【HaiChuan Construction Discussion】Key Points to Consider in the Layout of Construction Sites

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(1) Divide the area into construction zones, office areas, and living areas; establish isolation walls to keep them separate while ensuring convenient transportation between them. If, due to site conditions, access to the office area requires passing through the construction area, a safety barrier passage must be provided. (2) Determine the main construction roads and secondary construction paths. The main roads are generally 5–6 meters wide, running from the entrance to the construction site to the main working area, while the secondary construction paths are 3–4 meters wide and should run along the perimeter of the project to be constructed. (3) Determine the layout of temporary facilities in the office area: Based on the positions and staffing of managers from various parties, plan the number of offices to be built as well as their spatial arrangement, and provide necessary facilities such as water supply, power supply, sanitation, and waste disposal systems. (4) Determine the layout of temporary facilities in the living area: Based on the overall labor force plan, design facilities such as dormitories, canteens, bathrooms, toilets, and laundry areas in the living area, along with supporting systems for water supply, electricity, sanitation, and waste disposal. (5) Determine the layout of major temporary facilities in the construction area, taking into account the placement of temporary facilities such as material warehouses, tool rooms, machine repair shops, power distribution rooms, rebar processing areas, and pipeline installation processing areas. (6) Determine the main construction site. The site used for construction should be as close as possible to the actual construction location. For areas such as steel bar processing and pipe installation processing, consideration should be given to the storage of semi-finished or finished products during processing, as well as to the ease of access for transport vehicles. (7) Determine the location of the main material storage areas; they should be as close as possible to the processing workshops or the sites where materials are used in construction, taking into account the convenience of access for transport vehicles. (8) Determine the placement locations for large-scale equipment. When positioning tower cranes, construction elevators, etc., it is necessary to consider locations that facilitate the transportation of materials as well as the installation and removal of the equipment, while avoiding interference between them and minimizing any impact on the surrounding area. (9) Determine the layout of the main temporary power distribution room and distribution boxes. For temporary construction power supply, at least three levels of distribution are required; to shorten the length of the power supply circuits, distribution rooms can be installed in appropriate locations, with two-level and three-level distribution boxes placed within these rooms. A separate power supply line must be established for the electricity used by large equipment. The two-level and three-level distribution boxes should be placed as close as possible to the locations where electricity is used. (10) Determine the layout of water supply lines and supply points (including fire-fighting water for high-rise buildings). Water supply points in the construction area should be evenly distributed around each individual project; high-rise buildings require dedicated high-pressure pumps to deliver water to the floors where it is needed for construction purposes. Fire-fighting water supply pipes with a diameter of D100 should be installed along the height of the building, with fire extinguishers provided on each floor. (11) Determine the layout of drainage and wastewater systems. Rainwater discharge at the site should be organized; in areas with water shortages, consideration should be given to the recycling of rainwater and wastewater, and equipment for the sedimentation, recycling of such water, as well as systems for discharging the treated water, should be designed. (12) The three areas should be clearly separated from each other, while the roads connecting them must be safe and convenient. (13) The layout of large-scale equipment should take into account ease of installation and disassembly as well as ease of use; it is necessary to carefully read and analyze the architectural and structural drawings of the individual project. (14) Temporary sheds in the construction area must be designed with sufficient working space to ensure easy access for the delivery and removal of materials. (15) The design of the road must take full account of the areas where material transport vehicles can move and turn. (16) The material storage area should facilitate the turning of transport vehicles. (17) The office area should be arranged with due consideration for the division of responsibilities among construction management personnel, taking into account the office space to be provided for the owner, the supervision unit, and various specialized subcontracting teams. (18) In the living area, the capacity of dormitories, canteens, bathrooms, and toilets should be designed based on the maximum possible number of residents during peak working hours. (19) Consider parking areas for the transportation vehicles of the workforce, and provide charging facilities if necessary.