Distribution of the hazardous chemical industry in 13 cities in Jiangsu
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Jiangsu is a major province in the chemical industry; currently, there are 136 development zones at the **national and provincial levels across the province, of which more than 20 are chemical parks. Jiangsu Province has the largest number of chemical enterprises in the country, with over 4,500 chemical enterprises of a certain scale, including more than 2,500 enterprises that produce hazardous chemicals. Among the 60 **key counties (cities, districts) for the safe production of chemicals identified by the State Council’s Safety Committee, Jiangsu accounts for 11, ranking among the top in the country. Below are some areas in Jiangsu’s 13 cities where hazardous chemical-related enterprises are concentrated, as compiled from online sources: Nantong – There are 4,136 enterprises in Nantong that deal with various types of chemicals; among them, 12 are engaged in the storage of hazardous materials. The city has 286 docking facilities and storage capacity for hazardous chemicals amounting to over 3 million cubic meters. There are 6 chemical industrial parks in the areas along the Yangtze River in Nantong, namely: the Chemical Industry Zone of Nantong Economic and Technological Development Zone, Rugao Port Chemical New Materials Industrial Park, Rudong Yangkou Chemical Industrial Park, Qidong Economic Development Zone Fine Chemicals Park, Haimen Lingdian Industrial Cluster Fine Chemicals Park, and Hai’an Economic and Technological Development Zone Fine Chemicals Park. These 6 industrial parks have each developed specialized industries such as new synthetic materials, modern pesticides, new pharmaceuticals, natural gas chemicals, and fine chemicals. They serve as important hubs for the fine chemical industry in Jiangsu and across the country. There are 267 chemical-related enterprises operating in these parks, employing over 80,000 people; however, due to the existence of 8 **specialized areas for chemicals within these parks, the environmental situation remains severe. The Ruyangkou Chemical Industrial Park is located in the Yangbei Reclamation Area, in the northwest of Rudong County, Nantong City. It is 35 kilometers away from the county seat, 60 kilometers away from Nantong City, and 130 kilometers away from Shanghai. The park is focused on fine chemicals and pharmaceutical chemicals; 84 enterprises have been established and put into operation there. It is Nantong’s first \"specialized area for chemical production and storage.\" The pollutants mainly include toluene, ammonium compounds, chlorides, sulfides, etc. The Haimen Fine Chemical Industry Park is located in the eastern part of Haimen City, Nantong, along the riverside development zone. It consists of two sub-parks: the Haimen Lingdian Industrial Cluster in the east and the Haimen Qinglong Chemical Industry Park in the west. The Xiyu Qinglong Chemical Industrial Park is located in Qinglong Port on the north bank of the Yangtze River estuary, while the Dongyue Lingdian Industrial Cluster is situated on the banks of the Yangtze River, 20 kilometers east of the urban area. The total planned area of these parks is 1,450 hectares, and they are designed for the development of fine chemicals. Qidong Binjiang Fine Chemical Park is located in Qidong City, Nantong. The total planned area of the park is 12.9 square kilometers. It is bordered by Sanhe Port to the east, the border with Haimen City to the west, the Yangtze River to the south, and the Yanjiang Highway to the north.
Nanjing As of June 30, 2015, there were over 160 **chemical manufacturing enterprises registered in Nanjing. The **chemicals produced by these enterprises are diverse, ranging from liquid oxygen and nitrogen to propanol and *ao acids. These more than 160 hazardous chemical manufacturing enterprises are mainly concentrated along the Yangtze River; about half of them are located in the chemical industrial parks north of Nanjing, while the remaining enterprises are scattered across districts such as Jiangning, Lishui, Gaochun, and Pukou. The Nanjing Chemical Industrial Park is located in Liuhe District, Nanjing. It is a **-level chemical industrial park; its planned area at present is 45 square kilometers, with a long-term plan to expand it to 100 square kilometers. The main companies include: Yangzi Petrochemical, Yangzi Petrochemical-BASF, Oude Oil Storage (Nanjing), Celanese, Air Products and Chemicals, and Yabao Chemicals. The main products include: polyolefin plastics, polyester raw materials, refined oils, ethylbenzene/styrene, polystyrene, polymer additives, catalysts, etc. The Jinling Branch of Sinopec Corporation is located in Qixia District, on the northeast outskirts of Nanjing. It is bordered by the Yangtze River to the north, the Beijing-Shanghai Railway and the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway to the south, and Xinshengxu Port to the west; it is also connected to Lukou International Airport via an expressway. The Meishan area is located in Yuhuatai District, Nanjing. It extends to Guxiong Avenue, Santai Road, and Xingwang Road in the east, to Fengji Avenue in the north, to the Yangtze River in the west, and to Jiangning in the south. Its total area is approximately 24.1 square kilometers. The Meishan area is home to a number of chemical enterprises, including large companies such as Meishan Iron and Steel Company, which is part of Shanghai Baosteel Group, and Shanghai Baosteel Chemical Meishan Branch, as well as a range of smaller enterprises involved in steel processing, building materials, and other related industries. The main products include more than 30 varieties in series such as benzenes, phenols, naphthenes, sticky oils, resins, salts, etc.
Changzhou As a key area prone to disasters, Wujin and Xinbei have been identified as part of the 60 key counties in the country that are vulnerable to such disasters. Currently, Changzhou has 3 specialized chemical industrial parks, namely the Xinbei Binjiang Economic Development Zone, the Jintan Salt Chemical Industrial Zone, and the Liyang Nandu Chemical Industrial Zone. **There are 4,524 chemical-related enterprises, most of which are located in Xinbei and Wujin districts. There are 109 enterprises that constitute major chemical hazard sources, including 13 with level 1 hazards, 9 with level 2 hazards, 40 with level 3 hazards, and 47 with level 4 hazards. In addition, there are 2 long-distance oil pipelines and 5 long-distance gas pipelines in Changzhou, with a total length of 359 kilometers. The Binjiang Economic Development Zone is located at the northern end of Changzhou, on the banks of the Yangtze River. It is 18 kilometers away from Changzhou’s 4E-class airport and 8 kilometers away from the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail line. Many domestic and foreign companies have established operations in this development zone, including Ashland from the United States, Lanxess and Wülker from Germany, Linde Gas, Polymers from Italy, DIC from Japan, **Fude, and Sun Yang from Macau. These companies have produced a range of products such as ethylene, propylene, EPDM rubber, PET polyester, styrene, unsaturated polyester resin, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, aspartame, and more. The Jintan Salt Chemical Industry Zone is located within the Jintan Economic Development Zone, on the east side of Jintan city proper. China’s largest and Asia’s second-largest vacuum salt production facility has been completed and put into operation; the plant produces 1.2 million tons of vacuum salt per year for use in chemical manufacturing. A factory capable of producing 250,000 tons of chlor-alkali products per year has also been built. The main companies include Zhongyan Jintan Salt Chemical Co., Ltd. and Jiangsu Jiangdong Chemical Co., Ltd. Liyang is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Changzhou City, located in the southwest part of Jiangsu Province. Nandu Town is located at the geographical center of Liyang City. The main enterprises in the Liyang Nandu Chemical Industrial Zone include Jiangsu Lijiang Chemical, Liyang Lantian Chemical, Jiangsu Kaipin Ruiyang Chemical, and Jiangsu Lianmeng Chemical. The industry focuses on products such as silicone, polyols, and amino plastic compounds.
Wuxi Data from October 2007: In Wuxi city (including Jiangyin and Yixing), there were over 5,000 enterprises engaged in hazardous industries. Of these, 792 were chemical manufacturing enterprises. Based on the level of hazard associated with their activities, these enterprises were classified as 95 “red” enterprises, 190 “orange” enterprises, and 507 “blue” enterprises. Among them, Yixing has the highest number of red enterprises, accounting for 46. According to data from the end of 2014, there were over 190 chemical enterprises in Jiangyin, mainly concentrated in three industrial parks: the Jiangyin Lingang Economic Development Zone, the Shizhuang Area of Jiangyin Lingang New City, and the Jiangyin High-Tech Industry Development Zone. The Yixing Chemical Industrial Park is located in Qiting Sub-district, in the northern suburbs of Yixing City. Its total planned area is approximately 5.5 square kilometers. The land designated for the first phase of development starts from Shengtian Village in the north, extends to Zhandu Port in the south, is bordered by Xiyi Highway in the west, and reaches Caotang River in the east; this area covers about 2.5 square kilometers. The second phase builds upon the first phase, expanding eastward and northward, reaching the foot of Qishan Mountain in the east and Zhouqi Highway in the north, with an area of around 3 square kilometers.
Xuzhou At present, there are 90 chemical manufacturing enterprises in Xuzhou City, 39 enterprises engaged in chemical handling (storage), 25 enterprises that use chemicals, and 429 gas stations (of which 209 belong to Sinopec and CNPC, and 220 are private gas stations). There are 61 enterprises that represent major sources of hazard. Xuzhou has a total of 6 chemical industry clusters, including the Longgu Industrial Park in Peixian County, the Suining Chemical Industry Zone, the Pizhou Chemical Park, the Xinyi Economic Development Zone, the Fengxian Economic Development Zone, and the Xuzhou Industrial Park. In the densely populated urban areas, there are a total of 4 chemical production and storage enterprises in the city, all of which are located in Xinyi. Longgu Town is located in the northwest of Peixian County, at the junction of Jiangsu, Shandong, Anhui, and Henan provinces. The Longgu Industrial Park in Peixian County covers an area of 10 square kilometers, with a focus on attracting investment in the salt chemical, coal chemical, and photovoltaic industries. The key enterprises there include Xuzhou Guanmao Coking Co., Ltd. and Xuzhou Tiancheng Chlor-alkali Co., Ltd. The Taolan Chemical Industrial Park in Suining County is located in the western part of the Suining Economic Development Zone. Its development focus is on fine chemicals, agrochemicals, and rubber and plastic processing. The main directions for industrial development include various specialty chemicals such as electronic chemicals, plastic additives, coatings, and adhesives; new chemical materials, pharmaceutical chemicals, pesticides and pesticide intermediates, fertilizers, rubber and plastic products, as well as the necessary basic chemical substances.
Yancheng The number of chemical parks in Yancheng City decreased from 10 in 2007 to 4 in 2014, while the number of chemical enterprises dropped from 735 to 336. “Since the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the city has reduced sulfur dioxide emissions by 1,200 tons, nitrogen oxide emissions by over 4,000 tons, and soot emissions by 130 tons. The Xiangshui Ecological Chemical Industry Park is located in the northeast of Xiangshui County, Yancheng, 1 kilometer west of Chenjiagang Town. It was established in June 2002, with a planned area of 20 square kilometers. Currently, there are over 60 enterprises operating in the park, giving rise to four key industrial sectors: petrochemicals, salt chemicals, fine chemicals, and biochemicals. In June 2015, it was exposed by the China Chemical Industry News for pollution caused by wastewater and waste gases. The Coastal Industrial Park of the Binhai Economic Development Zone is located in Binhai County, Yancheng City, facing the Yellow Sea to the north, and is 38 kilometers away from the center of Binhai City. The park was established in May 2002, with a planned area of 20 square kilometers. It currently houses over 100 chemical enterprises of various types, focusing on the development of new material chemicals and pharmaceutical chemicals. The long-term planned area of the park is 50 square kilometers, with a focus on the development of fine chemicals, coal chemicals, and petrochemicals.
Taizhou According to data from 2013, Taizhou had a total of 395 chemical enterprises, of which 153 were enterprises engaged in the production of hazardous substances, and 242 were enterprises that used such substances. The Taixing Economic Development Zone was established in 1993, with a total planned area of 68 square kilometers. It is divided into a fine chemicals park, a high-tech industrial park, a port logistics park, a chemical equipment manufacturing park, and an administrative and business center. Currently, over 20** and nearly 100 enterprises from the region are located in the fine chemical industrial park. The chlor-alkali industry in the chemical industrial park is the most distinctive among similar parks across the country, and its downstream products have extended to various fields such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, chemical additives, and engineering plastics.
Zhenjiang Zhenjiang has a large number of hazardous enterprises scattered across various areas, resulting in a high level of safety risks; therefore, it receives close attention. Zhenjiang New Area is a region where **chemical production, storage, and transportation are relatively concentrated. The Taixing Economic Development Zone was established in 1993, with a total planned area of 68 square kilometers. It falls under the jurisdiction of the Management Committee of the Jingzhenjiang New Area Green Chemicals and New Materials Industrial Park. Currently, there are 40 chemical enterprises in this area, involving 17 major hazardous sources related to chemicals; in addition, hazardous processes such as hydrogenation, oxidation, chlorination, polymerization, cracking, and alkylation are also carried out here.
Huai’an There are 133 chemical manufacturing enterprises in Huai’an. Of these, 73 have applied for safety production licenses, while 4 have applied for licenses for the safe use of hazardous substances； There are 81 enterprises related to the \"two key areas and one major issue\" (dangerous chemical processes under strict supervision by safety regulatory authorities, chemicals under strict supervision, and major hazard sources) ； There are 44 enterprises that constitute major hazard sources for chemicals, with a total of 50 such hazard sources. Among them, there are 10 first-level and second-level major hazard sources, and 40 third-level and fourth-level major hazard sources. The Huai’an Salt Chemical New Materials Industrial Park is located to the south of Huai’an’s main urban area, about 35 kilometers away from the city center, with a planned area of 66.6 square kilometers. The park includes a logistics and warehousing area, which features storage facilities for liquid raw materials, **chemicals, solid materials, as well as coal yards, to ensure services such as the transshipment, storage, and trading of salt chemical products and raw materials. The park focuses on attracting large-scale projects related to soda ash, in-depth chlor-alkali processing, and new chemical materials, in order to develop industrial chains for fine chemicals, pharmaceutical chemicals, pesticide chemicals, and new petrochemical materials.
Suzhou There are over 6,400 enterprises in Suzhou that are involved in hazardous materials-related activities, including those engaged in the production, wholesale, use, storage of such chemicals, as well as in the production of packaging containers, waste disposal, and land and water transportation. Among them, Zhangjiagang, Changshu, and Kunshan are the three key cities at high risk. The Jiangsu Yangtze River International Chemical Industrial Park was established in May 2001 with the approval of the Jiangsu Province authorities. It covers a total planned area of 24 square kilometers and serves as an industrial support zone for the Zhangjiagang Free Trade Zone. To date, 11 of the top 20 chemical companies in the world have invested and established operations here. The development will focus on the following 9 industrial chains: advanced propylene processing industry, silicone industry, high-performance materials industry, lithium-ion battery industry, fine chemicals industry, polyurethane industry, basic chemicals industry, advanced styrene processing industry, and coal gasification industry. The major companies include: Dow in the United States, Chevron Phillips, DuPont, Unico, Asahi Kasei and Mitsui Chemicals in Japan, among others. The Jiangsu Changshu New Materials Industrial Park is located in the northern part of Changshu City, on the banks of the Yangtze River, 20 kilometers away from the city center of Changshu. It was formerly known as the “Jiangsu High-Tech Fluorine Chemistry Industrial Park”. The planned area of the park is 15.02 square kilometers, with a focus on developing industries such as new materials, fluorine chemicals, fine chemicals, and biopharmaceuticals. The park already hosts domestic and foreign companies such as DuPont from the United States, Arkema from France, Daikin from Japan, Wuji from Japan, Suez from Belgium, Nippon Pecce from New Zealand, as well as Shanghai SAEFU, Shanghai Yunfeng, and Yantai Huada. The Kunshan Qian Deng Fine Chemicals Industrial Zone is located north of Airport Road in Qian Deng Town, at the southern end of Kunshan City. As a concentration area for chemical enterprises in Kunshan, the Qiandeng Fine Chemical Park is home to 85 chemical enterprises involved in the production, use, storage, and distribution of hazardous substances. It has always been a top priority in Kunshan’s efforts to ensure work safety. The main companies include: Xuchang Chemical Technology (Kunshan) Co., Ltd. and Shipu Chemical Industry, etc.
Yangzhou The Yangzhou Chemical Industry Park is planned to be located in the southwest part of Yizheng City. It extends to the Xupu River in Yizheng to the east, to the Yangtze River’s vital waterway to the south, to Liuhe District in Nanjing to the west, and to the Ningtu Expressway to the north. The planned area covers 62 square kilometers, and it is divided into seven distinct zones: a raw material industrial zone, the Yizheng Fiber Factory zone, a fine chemicals zone, a logistics and warehousing zone, a public utilities zone, an ecological development zone, and a residential and supporting facilities zone. The park brings together a number of major domestic and international petrochemical companies, including Sinopec Yizheng Chemical Fibers, Unifia from the United States, Toray from Japan, Dalian Chemical Industry from Taiwan, Sinochem International, Jiangsu Youshi Chemical, and Jiangsu Ruixiang Chemical. It has initially established four key industrial chains centered around ethylene, propylene, aromatics, and chlor-alkali chemicals. The park boasts production capacities of 900,000 tons of PTA, 1.7 million tons of polyester, 40,000 tons of polyester film, 30,000 tons of EVA latex, 50,000 tons of acrolein, 36,000 tons of 1,4-butanediol, 40,000 tons of PTMEG, 20,000 tons of maleic anhydride, 100,000 tons of caustic soda, 50,000 tons of benzene chloride, 10,000 tons of p-aminophenol, and 4,000 tons of pyrethroids.