Thread Content
In recent years, China’s economic development has been accelerating, and the economic growth in rural areas has also sped up. Various factories have invested in the construction of new rural areas and production activities there, while different breeding projects have achieved industrialized production levels. However, with the improvement of production efficiency and economic development, environmental degradation in rural areas is becoming increasingly severe, especially in terms of the water environment. Moreover, the standard of living in rural towns and villages is constantly improving, which leads to an increasing amount of domestic wastewater being generated. This wastewater is discharged in a dispersed manner, often without any organized treatment process. Additionally, the pollution concentration in such wastewater is generally low, making it more difficult to treat. Inadequate sewage treatment in towns and villages causes great inconvenience to the production and daily life of rural residents there. Several characteristics of the current water environment situation in towns and villages in our country: First: there are no measures for collecting sewage and treating it centrally. Most of the wastewater generated in daily life and production is discharged directly without any treatment, and it is scattered across various sources; laundry water, bathwater, vegetable washing water, and cleaning wastewater are all discharged directly, which poses significant challenges for wastewater treatment. Second: There are many sources of wastewater, the concentrations of different types of wastewater vary, and there are numerous types of impurities, making treatment difficult. Wastewater mainly includes laundry water, kitchen drainage, water from showers, feces and urine from various farmed animals and humans, as well as wastewater from cleaning farms (which is relatively difficult to treat due to the varying substances contained in the feed used in different farms). There are many sources of wastewater, and its types are diverse; moreover, the types and concentrations of impurities in the water vary, which inadvertently increases the difficulty of wastewater treatment. Third: a large amount of wastewater is generated. Living conditions have improved nowadays; basically, every household has access to tap water. Solar energy and water heaters are used for bathing, which makes it convenient to use water. As a result, water consumption has increased, and with it, the amount of wastewater generated. This poses challenges for wastewater treatment in rural areas. Fourth: The sewage treatment rate in towns and villages is low. Due to the scattered location of sewage in rural areas, the difficulty in collecting it, as well as significant variations in sewage concentration and impurities, the more advanced wastewater treatment technologies used in cities are not suitable for use in rural areas. Moreover, some ecological treatment methods often fail to meet the required conditions or lack the necessary resources for implementation (such as land). Although some areas have adopted a decentralized township sewage treatment approach, the amount of sewage treated is relatively small, and the treatment costs are also high. The above describes the current situation of sewage treatment in rural areas and towns in our country; it is not optimistic. However, experts in the field of water environment treatment have been working on this issue, hoping that an efficient and low-cost method for sewage treatment in towns can be developed soon.