Recalling a few memorable economics questions, it feels like there’s a trap at every step

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Interest rate increase method, discount method, collection method. Frightened by the term \"collection method,\" I chose the discount method (since the interest rate under the interest-increase method would definitely be very high). An investment of 80 million was made at the beginning of the first year; profits began to be generated by the end of the second year, with an annual net income of 30 million, at an interest rate of 10%. Calculate FNPV and payback period. Is the end of the 1st year taken into account in the calculations, resulting in 3.67 years and 4.5 million? To calculate ROI, the profits for the period when full capacity is achieved and those for the period when full capacity is not achieved were provided; it was good that the right option was chosen. The comparison of different equipment upgrades wasn’t clear to me – the original cost was 80,000, while the book value was 30,000; the new equipment cost 40,000. I didn’t understand any of the four answer options. As for the economic life span, the equipment was purchased at the beginning of 2005 and phased out at the end of 2015; I need to determine its natural life span. Almost caught it – 2 questions on Value Engineering. 1. There are no tricks related to the exterior walls. 2. It’s all about the basic principles of value and function; I went through the book carefully but couldn’t find anything that seemed like an answer. Regarding historical cost in accounting, both the question and the answers were confusing – actually, I hadn’t read the relevant section of the book. When calculating the production costs for May, I almost included the office rent in those costs. As for the cost of re-measuring the project location, it seems I got it right – it’s considered a measure-related expense; my mind was filled with thoughts of other direct expenses. To calculate the cost of capital, since the question specified a 3-year period, I used interest rates for 3 years, and it took me a long time to do the calculations. I don’t remember this formula well; I only recall that the numerator represents the interest tax reduction, while the denominator refers to the handling fees. As for the details related to dynamic investment, I think I got them wrong. Should the service fees of foreign companies be included in the CIF price or the FOB price of imported equipment? The FOB term was chosen. Does the high-temperature allowance fall under labor protection costs or labor costs? Select labor costs, provide transportation loss rates and procurement and storage rates to calculate material costs. It seems there was a calculation error; the shipping and handling costs were not taken into account. The cost of 5 devices is 200,000, with an installation fee rate of 50%. What is the installation cost? I can’t remember the formulas or calculate the answers. Calculating the costs related to reusable materials – those formulas are too difficult. When adjusting the preliminary cost estimates, I didn’t remember the formula, so I guessed one and it seemed to work out right by chance. For the review of design estimates, the correct method is to conduct verification through research, but I happened to remember the wrong situation in which this method should be used. As for the procedure for calculating the comprehensive unit price, I guess I got it right more or less. When calculating the comprehensive unit price, the quantity specified in the tender was 3000, while the bidder calculated it as 3600; ultimately, the unit price was calculated based on 3600, which was a mistake – it should have been based on 3000. Regarding adjustments to the project cost, the tender price was 350 yuan and the bidder’s bid was 300 yuan; the quantity exceeded 16%, so the adjustment rate was 5%. The answer couldn’t be determined, so a figure of 282 yuan was guessed. As compensation, payments were made for the workers’ lost working time, the downtime of the machinery, machinery rental costs, depreciation of the own machinery, and fuel costs for operations. I almost included the fuel costs in the calculation. It was a multiple-choice question; sources of funds that can be used to repay debts – among the options were profits and retained earnings… In the end, I chose retained earnings, and it seems I was right. Regarding current liabilities, it was presented as a single-choice question; I didn’t know about double-declining balance depreciation, so I got that one wrong. For calculating revenue based on the percentage of work completed, I thought that everything except “35% completion in February” was correct, but out of caution I selected three answers. For the definition of current liabilities, I picked just one option. As for finance leases, it seems I was right again. I couldn’t determine the classification of workers’ working hours and machinery operating hours since I didn’t pay enough attention to it. Regarding shortening the project timeline, I only remembered that the reduction in days couldn’t exceed 20%, so I made a mistake – actually, if it exceeds 20%, an additional fee is required. For international pricing, I had to figure out how office expenses or temporary office costs should be classified; I really didn’t pay much attention to this part, and the answers to those questions were completely unclear to me