Methanol and dimethyl ether

The laboratory can try using distillation; dimethyl ether and methanol have lower boiling points than water, so they can be distilled off first.

It’s very simple: distillation. Dimethyl ether has a low boiling point, so it evaporates easily; next, methanol evaporates, and what remains is water

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Dimethyl ether, also known as methyl ether, is soluble in water, gasoline, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, chlorobenzene, propane, and methyl acetate. It is primarily used as a solvent, refrigerant, and spray. Dimethyl ether has a melting point of -141.5°C and a boiling point of -24.9°C. Its relative density is 1.617. It is soluble in water, gasoline, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, chlorobenzene, propane, and methyl acetate. Methanol is a colorless, transparent, flammable, volatile toxic liquid with a slight alcohol odor. Molecular weight: 32.04; relative density: 0.792 (20/4°C); melting point: -97.8°C; boiling point: 64.5°C; flash point: 12.22°C; autoignition temperature: 463.89°C; vapor density: 1.11; vapor pressure: 13.33 KPa (100 mmHg at 21.2°C); lower explosive limit of vapor-air mixture: 6–36.5%. It is miscible with water, ethanol, ether, benzene, toluene, halogenated hydrocarbons, and many other organic solvents; it burns easily when exposed to heat, open flame, or oxidizing agents. Considering their physical properties, separation should be possible through extractive distillation

In the laboratory, distillation followed by rectification can be used; it is however time-consuming and labor-intensive.

Fractionation should be possible: dimethyl ether can be obtained from the top of the tower, methanol from the middle part, and water from the bottom. Water and methanol do not form an azeotrope, so distillation is no problem. Furthermore, since water molecules are the smallest in this system, it may be possible to use a reverse osmosis membrane to separate the water, thereby concentrating methanol and dimethyl ether before separating them again.

In terms of processing, membranes can be used to remove water