How to deal with valve failure issues

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I. Leakage of the valve packing. Cause analysis: 1. The packing gland is not tightened properly. 2. The filler becomes ineffective due to prolonged use or improper storage. Solution: Tighten the nuts evenly to compress the packing. 2. Replace the packing. II. Leakage between the sealing surfaces. Cause analysis: 1. There are contaminants attached to the sealing surface. 2. The sealing surface is damaged. Solution: 1. Remove all dirt and debris. 2. Remanufacture, repair, or replace. III. Leakage at the connection between the valve body and the valve cover. Cause analysis: 1. The connecting bolts are not tightened evenly. 2. The flange sealing surface is damaged. 3. The gasket is cracked or failed. Solution: 1. Tighten evenly. 2. Retouch again. 3. Replace with a new gasket. IV. The handwheel does not rotate smoothly or the valve disc cannot be opened or closed. Cause analysis: 1. The packing is compressed too tightly. 2. The filler pressing plate and the pressing sleeve device are skewed. 3. The valve stem nut is damaged. 4. The threads of the valve stem nut are severely worn or broken. 5. Bent valve stem. Solution: 1. Slightly loosen the nut on the packing gland. 2. Adjust the packing pressure plate. 3. Disassemble, trim the threads, and remove debris. 4. Replace the valve stem nut. 5. Adjust the valve stem.