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What exactly do air bags or liquid bags refer to in pipeline layout? Seeking advice from experts: handshake
During the design and installation of pipelines, if gas cannot be completely drained at the bends at the highest points of the pipeline, air pockets are formed; similarly, if liquid cannot be completely drained at the bends at the lowest points of the pipeline, liquid pockets are formed. Bag-shaped formations are detrimental to fluid transport and can lead to accumulation; therefore, they should be avoided as much as possible in pipeline layout. If avoidance is not possible, then it is necessary to consider installing a venting device at the highest point and a drainage device at the lowest point
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See Pipe Layout Design and Engineering Examples, which provides explanations
I made a mistake; it should be Industrial Pipeline Layout Design and Engineering Examples
Refer to the Pressure Pipeline Design Manual