Can an acrylic coolant at -40 degrees Celsius cool other substances to below -40 degrees Celsius?
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The maximum temperature that the refrigerant can cool
It is still related to the boiling point of the substance (corresponding to the pressure of the system); for example, in air conditioners and refrigerators, the temperature of the refrigerant does not drop below the outdoor temperature, yet cooling is still possible.
If that’s possible, wouldn’t that mean a perpetual motion machine has been created?
-Acrylic at 40 degrees absorbs heat due to the phase change from liquid to gas, but it is essentially impossible to use this process to bring the condensed substance to -40 degrees, as the heat exchange efficiency is not good enough. Moreover, a large amount of gas is required if it is to be used as a cooling source... which increases the operational risks
Theoretically it’s possible, but in practice it’s almost impossible; otherwise the concept of loss wouldn’t exist!