【Daily Discussion】Utilities - Mechanical & Electrical - 20200914

Measurement methods for pipeline engineering, including water supply and drainage pipelines, pipelines for various media, long-distance pipelines, etc. After the pipeline construction is completed, final as-built drawings of the plan and cross-sections are prepared based on the actual measurement results. By referring to the design and construction drawings, one must be familiar with the pipeline layout and the requirements of the process design; actual terrain data is collected, and rough sketches of the construction plan and cross-sections are drawn. Then, the pipeline is measured according to the plan and cross-section sketches, alignment is carried out, and control surveys are conducted during the pipeline construction process. Measurement method for center positioning of pipelines: The starting point, ending point, and turning points of a pipeline are referred to as the main points of the pipeline. Its location was determined during the design phase; centering the pipeline involves marking the main point’s position on the ground and marking it with wooden stakes. Basis for positioning: One is to locate the pipelines based on existing buildings on the ground ； The second is pipeline positioning based on control points. Measurement methods for pipeline elevation control: To facilitate the determination of elevations during pipeline construction as well as the measurement of the longitudinal and transverse sections of the pipelines, temporary leveling points should be established for pipeline installation. The allowable positioning deviation shall meet the specified requirements. Surveying for underground pipeline projects: Surveying for such projects must be carried out before backfilling, to determine the starting and ending points, as well as the coordinates of manholes and the elevation of the pipe tops. Based on the survey data, as-built plan views and longitudinal sections should be prepared.

Measurement methods for pipeline engineering, including water supply and drainage pipelines, pipelines for various media, long-distance pipelines, etc. After the pipeline construction is completed, final as-built drawings of the plan and cross-sections are prepared based on the actual measurement results. By referring to the design and construction drawings, one must be familiar with the pipeline layout and the requirements of the process design; actual terrain data is collected, and rough sketches of the construction plan and cross-sections are drawn. Then, the pipeline is measured according to the plan and cross-section sketches, alignment is carried out, and control surveys are conducted during the pipeline construction process. Measurement method for center positioning of pipelines: The starting point, ending point, and turning points of a pipeline are referred to as the main points of the pipeline. Its location was determined during the design phase; centering the pipeline involves marking the main point’s position on the ground and marking it with wooden stakes. Basis for positioning: One is to locate the pipelines based on existing buildings on the ground ； The second is pipeline positioning based on control points. Measurement methods for pipeline elevation control: To facilitate the determination of elevations during pipeline construction as well as the measurement of the longitudinal and transverse sections of the pipelines, temporary leveling points should be established for pipeline installation. The allowable positioning deviation shall meet the specified requirements. Surveying for underground pipeline projects: Surveying for such projects must be carried out before backfilling, to determine the starting and ending points, as well as the coordinates of manholes and the elevation of the pipe tops. Based on the survey data, as-built plan views and longitudinal sections should be prepared.

Measurement methods for pipeline engineering, including water supply and drainage pipelines, pipelines for various media, long-distance pipelines, etc. After the pipeline construction is completed, final as-built drawings of the plan and cross-sections are prepared based on the actual measurement results. By referring to the design and construction drawings, one must be familiar with the pipeline layout and the requirements of the process design; actual terrain data is collected, and rough sketches of the construction plan and cross-sections are drawn. Then, the pipeline is measured according to the plan and cross-section sketches, alignment is carried out, and control surveys are conducted during the pipeline construction process. Measurement method for center positioning of pipelines: The starting point, ending point, and turning points of a pipeline are referred to as the main points of the pipeline. Its location was determined during the design phase; centering the pipeline involves marking the main point’s position on the ground and marking it with wooden stakes. Basis for positioning: One is to locate the pipelines based on existing buildings on the ground ； The second is pipeline positioning based on control points. Measurement methods for pipeline elevation control: To facilitate the determination of elevations during pipeline construction as well as the measurement of the longitudinal and transverse sections of the pipelines, temporary leveling points should be established for pipeline installation. The allowable positioning deviation shall meet the specified requirements. Surveying for underground pipeline projects: Surveying for such projects must be carried out before backfilling, to determine the starting and ending points, as well as the coordinates of manholes and the elevation of the pipe tops. Based on the survey data, as-built plan views and longitudinal sections should be prepared.

Measurement methods for pipeline engineering, including water supply and drainage pipelines, pipelines for various media, long-distance pipelines, etc. After the pipeline construction is completed, final as-built drawings of the plan and cross-sections are prepared based on the actual measurement results. By referring to the design and construction drawings, one must be familiar with the pipeline layout and the requirements of the process design; actual terrain data is collected, and rough sketches of the construction plan and cross-sections are drawn. Then, the pipeline is measured according to the plan and cross-section sketches, alignment is carried out, and control surveys are conducted during the pipeline construction process. Measurement method for center positioning of pipelines: The starting point, ending point, and turning points of a pipeline are referred to as the main points of the pipeline. Its location was determined during the design phase; centering the pipeline involves marking the main point’s position on the ground and marking it with wooden stakes. Basis for positioning: One is to locate the pipelines based on existing buildings on the ground ； The second is pipeline positioning based on control points. Measurement methods for pipeline elevation control: To facilitate the determination of elevations during pipeline construction as well as the measurement of the longitudinal and transverse sections of the pipelines, temporary leveling points should be established for pipeline installation. The allowable positioning deviation shall meet the specified requirements. Surveying for underground pipeline projects: Surveying for such projects must be carried out before backfilling, to determine the starting and ending points, as well as the coordinates of manholes and the elevation of the pipe tops. Based on the survey data, as-built plan views and longitudinal sections should be prepared.

Measurement methods for pipeline engineering, including water supply and drainage pipelines, pipelines for various media, long-distance pipelines, etc. After the pipeline construction is completed, final as-built drawings of the plan and cross-sections are prepared based on the actual measurement results. By referring to the design and construction drawings, one must be familiar with the pipeline layout and the requirements of the process design; actual terrain data is collected, and rough sketches of the construction plan and cross-sections are drawn. Then, the pipeline is measured according to the plan and cross-section sketches, alignment is carried out, and control surveys are conducted during the pipeline construction process. Measurement method for center positioning of pipelines: The starting point, ending point, and turning points of a pipeline are referred to as the main points of the pipeline. Its location was determined during the design phase; centering the pipeline involves marking the main point’s position on the ground and marking it with wooden stakes. Basis for positioning: One is to locate the pipelines based on existing buildings on the ground ； The second is pipeline positioning based on control points. Measurement methods for pipeline elevation control: To facilitate the determination of elevations during pipeline construction as well as the measurement of the longitudinal and transverse sections of the pipelines, temporary leveling points should be established for pipeline installation. The allowable positioning deviation shall meet the specified requirements. Surveying for underground pipeline projects: Surveying for such projects must be carried out before backfilling, to determine the starting and ending points, as well as the coordinates of manholes and the elevation of the pipe tops. Based on the survey data, as-built plan views and longitudinal sections should be prepared.

Measurement methods for pipeline engineering, including water supply and drainage pipelines, pipelines for various media, long-distance pipelines, etc. After the pipeline construction is completed, final as-built drawings of the plan and cross-sections are prepared based on the actual measurement results. By referring to the design and construction drawings, one must be familiar with the pipeline layout and the requirements of the process design; actual terrain data is collected, and rough sketches of the construction plan and cross-sections are drawn. Then, the pipeline is measured according to the plan and cross-section sketches, alignment is carried out, and control surveys are conducted during the pipeline construction process. Measurement method for center positioning of pipelines: The starting point, ending point, and turning points of a pipeline are referred to as the main points of the pipeline. Its location was determined during the design phase; centering the pipeline involves marking the main point’s position on the ground and marking it with wooden stakes. Basis for positioning: One is to locate the pipelines based on existing buildings on the ground ； The second is pipeline positioning based on control points. Measurement methods for pipeline elevation control: To facilitate the determination of elevations during pipeline construction as well as the measurement of the longitudinal and transverse sections of the pipelines, temporary leveling points should be established for pipeline installation. The allowable positioning deviation shall meet the specified requirements. Surveying for underground pipeline projects: Surveying for such projects must be carried out before backfilling, to determine the starting and ending points, as well as the coordinates of manholes and the elevation of the pipe tops. Based on the survey data, as-built plan views and longitudinal sections should be prepared.

Measurement methods for pipeline engineering, including water supply and drainage pipelines, pipelines for various media, long-distance pipelines, etc. After the pipeline construction is completed, final as-built drawings of the plan and cross-sections are prepared based on the actual measurement results. By referring to the design and construction drawings, one must be familiar with the pipeline layout and the requirements of the process design; actual terrain data is collected, and rough sketches of the construction plan and cross-sections are drawn. Then, the pipeline is measured according to the plan and cross-section sketches, alignment is carried out, and control surveys are conducted during the pipeline construction process. Measurement method for center positioning of pipelines: The starting point, ending point, and turning points of a pipeline are referred to as the main points of the pipeline. Its location was determined during the design phase; centering the pipeline involves marking the main point’s position on the ground and marking it with wooden stakes. Basis for positioning: One is to locate the pipelines based on existing buildings on the ground ； The second is pipeline positioning based on control points. Measurement methods for pipeline elevation control: To facilitate the determination of elevations during pipeline construction as well as the measurement of the longitudinal and transverse sections of the pipelines, temporary leveling points should be established for pipeline installation. The allowable positioning deviation shall meet the specified requirements. Surveying for underground pipeline projects: Surveying for such projects must be carried out before backfilling, to determine the starting and ending points, as well as the coordinates of manholes and the elevation of the pipe tops. Based on the survey data, as-built plan views and longitudinal sections should be prepared.

Measurement methods for pipeline engineering, including water supply and drainage pipelines, pipelines for various media, long-distance pipelines, etc. After the pipeline construction is completed, final as-built drawings of the plan and cross-sections are prepared based on the actual measurement results. By referring to the design and construction drawings, one must be familiar with the pipeline layout and the requirements of the process design; actual terrain data is collected, and rough sketches of the construction plan and cross-sections are drawn. Then, the pipeline is measured according to the plan and cross-section sketches, alignment is carried out, and control surveys are conducted during the pipeline construction process. Measurement method for center positioning of pipelines: The starting point, ending point, and turning points of a pipeline are referred to as the main points of the pipeline. Its location was determined during the design phase; centering the pipeline involves marking the main point’s position on the ground and marking it with wooden stakes. Basis for positioning: One is to locate the pipelines based on existing buildings on the ground ； The second is pipeline positioning based on control points. Measurement methods for pipeline elevation control: To facilitate the determination of elevations during pipeline construction as well as the measurement of the longitudinal and transverse sections of the pipelines, temporary leveling points should be established for pipeline installation. The allowable positioning deviation shall meet the specified requirements. Surveying for underground pipeline projects: For such projects, it is necessary to determine the starting and ending points, as well as the coordinates of manholes and the elevation of the pipe tops, before backfilling. Based on these survey data, completion plans and longitudinal sections should be prepared

Measurement methods for pipeline engineering, including water supply and drainage pipelines, pipelines for various media, long-distance pipelines, etc. After the pipeline construction is completed, final as-built drawings of the plan and cross-sections are prepared based on the actual measurement results. By referring to the design and construction drawings, one must be familiar with the pipeline layout and the requirements of the process design; actual terrain data is collected, and rough sketches of the construction plan and cross-sections are drawn. Then, the pipeline is measured according to the plan and cross-section sketches, alignment is carried out, and control surveys are conducted during the pipeline construction process. Measurement method for center positioning of pipelines: The starting point, ending point, and turning points of a pipeline are referred to as the main points of the pipeline. Its location was determined during the design phase; centering the pipeline involves marking the main point’s position on the ground and marking it with wooden stakes. Basis for positioning: One is to locate the pipelines based on existing buildings on the ground ； The second is pipeline positioning based on control points. Measurement methods for pipeline elevation control: To facilitate the determination of elevations during pipeline construction as well as the measurement of the longitudinal and transverse sections of the pipelines, temporary leveling points should be established for pipeline installation. The allowable positioning deviation shall meet the specified requirements. Surveying for underground pipeline projects: Surveying for such projects must be carried out before backfilling, to determine the starting and ending points, as well as the coordinates of manholes and the elevation of the pipe tops. Based on the survey data, as-built plan views and longitudinal sections should be prepared.