Common maintenance methods for instruments and meters

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1. Observation method: Utilizing vision, smell, and touch. Sometimes, damaged components will change color, develop bubbles, or show burnt spots ； Burnt components emit a distinct odor ； Short-circuited chips will get hot ； Solder defects or poor soldering can be observed with the naked eye. 2. Comparison method: Two instruments of the same model are required, one of which is operating normally. To use this method, necessary equipment is also required, such as a multimeter, oscilloscope, etc. Based on the nature of comparison, there are voltage comparison, waveform comparison, static impedance comparison, output result comparison, current comparison, etc. The specific method is to operate the faulty gauge and the normal gauge under the same conditions, then measure the signals at certain points and compare the two sets of signals; if there are differences, it can be concluded that the fault lies here. This method requires maintenance personnel to have considerable knowledge and skills. 3. Replacement method: Two instruments of the same model are required, or there must be sufficient spare parts available. Replace a good spare part with the same component on the faulty machine to see if the fault is resolved. Two instruments of the same model are required, one of which must be in normal operation. To use this method, necessary equipment is also required. The specific method is to operate the faulty gauge and the normal gauge under the same conditions, then measure the signals at certain points and compare the two sets of signals; if there are differences, it can be concluded that the fault lies here. This method requires maintenance personnel to have considerable knowledge and skills. 4. Elimination method: The so-called elimination method is a technique for determining the cause of a fault by inserting or removing various plug-in boards and components within the device. When the instrument returns to normal after removing a certain plug-in board or component, it indicates that the fault lies there.