Design requirements for relief devices (safety valves, burst discs) of pressure vessels

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Chemical production processes rely on high temperatures and pressures, and a large number of pressure vessels are used in such processes. The use of pressure vessels involves certain risks; if the pressure within them gets out of control, it can lead to the vessel rupturing and exploding, resulting in accidents. To ensure the safety of pressure vessels during operation, it is necessary to design them safely, with the implementation of appropriate safety relief mechanisms being the most important and ultimate measure. Safety relief devices are usually safety valves, burst discs, or a combination of both. General requirements for the design of pressure vessel relief devices are as follows: 1. The starting pressure for the relief design should be the design pressure of the vessel. Image 2: Relief pressure. Image 3: Multiple relief devices. Image 4: A situation where only one relief device is installed on a vessel. Image 5: Relief devices are necessary due to specific process conditions. Image 6: Relief devices in the form of rupture discs. a. When pressure increases rapidly, rapid pressure release is required ； b. Those with high sealing requirements ； c. Material release may cause issues such as valve sticking or corrosion ； d. Situations where the safety valve cannot be used. When releasing valuable or toxic media, safety valves and burst discs should be used in series; if necessary, multiple release devices must be designed to ensure rapid pressure relief. Note: For flammable, explosive, toxic, and hazardous materials, safety venting outlets should be equipped with conduits to direct the released materials to a safe location for treatment; they cannot be discharged directly into the atmosphere.